Short-term survival rates of 1397 horses referred for colic from 2010 to 2018.

Background: Up-to-date and hospital-specific knowledge of prognoses for horses with various forms of colic is essential for helping to guide owners' decisions on costly treatments, and for assessing the continuous development of standards of care in the hospital. This study aimed to determine the short-term survival rates of horses admitted with colic to the University Hospital for Large Animals (UHLA), University of Copenhagen, Denmark, from 2010 to 2018, and to compare these to a previous local study as well as recent, comparable international studies. Short-term survival rates were calculated for horses grouped by treatment (surgical, medical) and diseases.

Prestorage leukofiltration of whole blood and SAGM blood prevents extracellular bioactive substance accumulation.

Objectives: Potentially harmful leukocyte- and platelet-derived bioactive substances are accumulated extracellularly during storage of different blood products. Therefore, we studied the effect of prestorage leukocyte filtration on concentrations of bioactive substances in whole blood (WB) and saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM) erythrocyte suspension during storage.

Methods: Ten units of WB and 10 units of SAGM blood from 20 blood donors were stored at + 4 degrees C for 24 h.

Prestorage leukocyte filtration may reduce leukocyte-derived bioactive substance accumulation in patients operated for burn trauma.

Adverse effects of perioperative blood transfusion appear to be storage-time-dependent and may be related to extracellular accumulation of bioactive substances in blood products. In this study the clinical effects of leukofiltered and non-filtered blood products in patients undergoing surgery for burn trauma are investigated. 24 consecutive patients were randomly selected to receive transfusion with non-filtered blood components (group A, n = 12) or similar products, which were prestorage leukofiltered (group B, n = 12).

Effect of heating on extracellular bioactive substances in stored human blood: in vitro study.

Background: We have previously shown extracellular accumulation of various leukocyte and platelet-derived bioactive substances in human blood during storage. Release of bioactive substances may be temperature-dependent, and we studied the effect of heating during in vitro transfusion on bioactive substance accumulation in stored human blood.

Methods: Eight units of whole blood and eight units of prestorage leukofiltered whole blood were stored at 4 degrees C for 7 days.

ELISA determination of soluble urokinase receptor in blood from healthy donors and cancer patients.

Measurement of urokinase receptor (uPAR) in tumor extracts has prognostic value, but assay of the soluble uPAR (suPAR) in peripheral blood may offer wider applications in cancer patient management. A tumor extract uPAR ELISA was modified to eliminate nonspecific plasma protein interference, enabling specific detection of suPAR in plasma and sera with >90% recovery of added calibrator. suPAR concentrations in citrate plasma correlated with sera in 93 healthy blood donors (r = 0.

Leucocyte and platelet-derived bioactive substances in stored blood: effect of prestorage leucocyte filtration.

Adverse reactions to transfusion of allogeneic blood may depend on content of leucocytes and platelets and on storage-time of the erythrocyte suspensions. Therefore, we studied the efficacy of prestorage leucocyte reduction by filtration on total content and extracellular accumulation of histamine, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil protein X (EPX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in samples obtained from 5 units of SAGM blood, 7 units of plasma-reduced whole-blood and 6 units of whole-blood before and after filtration, respectively. In addition, we analysed supernatants from the same units after storage at +4 degrees C for 0, 21 and 35 d, respectively.

Bioactive substance accumulation and septic complications in a burn trauma patient: effect of perioperative blood transfusion?

Evidence has emerged that suggests adverse effects to perioperative homologous blood transfusion are related to the age of the blood products. Recently, time-dependent accumulation of bioactive substances in red cell suspensions, standard platelet concentrates and fresh frozen plasma during storage have been shown. The potential adverse effects of these bioactive substances were analysed in a burn trauma patient.

Time-dependent, spontaneous release of white cell- and platelet-derived bioactive substances from stored human blood.

Background: The mechanisms of the detrimental effects of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion are still unclear. Previous studies have suggested a higher incidence of adverse effects after the use of blood stored for prolonged time. Therefore, a possible time-dependent release of various white cell- and platelet-derived bioactive substances in stored human red cell suspensions was studied.

Buspirone, a serotonin receptor agonist, increases CD4 T-cell counts and modulates the immune system in HIV-seropositive subjects.

Objective: We have previously shown that drugs that decrease intracellular cAMP levels increase/restore the proliferative and cytotoxic capacity of T cells from HIV-seropositive subjects in vitro. Buspirone, a serotonin receptor agonist, indirectly decreases intracellular cAMP levels in T cells and has the same increasing/restoring effect on T-cell proliferation in lymphocytes from HIV-seropositive subjects in vitro.

Design: Buspirone was given as a single high dose to six HIV-seropositive subjects, or as continuous medication with increasing dosage over 6 weeks to nine HIV-seropositive subjects, with CD4 T-cell counts of 150-300 x 10(6)/l.

Time-dependent histamine release from stored human blood products.

Perioperative transfusion of whole blood has been shown to amplify trauma-induced immunosuppression, which could be attenuated by perioperative administration of histamine2 receptor antagonists. Supernatants from different blood products were, therefore, analysed for histamine content during storage. Whole blood (six units), plasma-reduced whole blood (six units), and plasma- and buffy coat-reduced (saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol) (SAGM) blood (six units) from unpaid healthy donors were stored in the blood bank for 35 days at 4 degrees C.

Nosocomial epidemic of Serratia marcescens septicemia ascribed to contaminated blood transfusion bags.

Two cases of transfusion-related Serratia marcescens bacteremia prompted extensive epidemiologic investigations in three independent hospitals. Test tubes and plasma from donors whose blood was drawn into bags from a single production batch were cultured. Analysis of the ribotype of S.

False negative results in anti-HIV ELISA due to insufficient antigen coating of microtitre plates.

Since routine ELISA screening of blood donors for anti-HIV antibodies was introduced, much attention has been given to the specificity and the sensitivity of this assay. Most papers deal with false positive reactions while only a few have taken account of false negative results. We have found that insufficient HIV-antigen coating of the microtitre plates can lead to false negative results.

Structural analysis of glycophorin A from Miltenberger class VIII erythrocytes.

The major human erythrocyte membrane sialoglycoprotein (glycophorin A or MN glycoprotein) was purified from the erythrocytes of two individuals heterozygous for the Mi-VIII gene in the Miltenberger subsystem of the MNSs blood-group system. The complete structure of a tryptic glycopetide from glycophorin A comprising the residues 40-61 was deduced from automated and manual sequence analyses. The Mi-VIII-specific glycophorin A was found to exhibit an arginine----threonine exchange at position 49.

Cost-effectiveness of introducing a third-generation test for HBsAg in Danish blood donors.

Owing to the low incidence of hepatitis B in Denmark, screening of blood donors for HBsAg has mostly been done by immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP). The purpose of the present study was to carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis prior to the introduction of a third-generation test for HBsAg in Danish blood donors. The analysis was performed on data from a subsequent screening of 48 750 blood units by radioimmunoassay (RIA) 3 weeks after donation.

Screening of Danish blood donors for hepatitis B surface antigen using a third generation technique.

The profit to be gained by testing Danish blood donors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with a third generation technique instead of the currently used immunoelectrophoresis was investigated by additional screening of 48 750 blood units by radioimmunoassay three weeks after donation. Twenty nine units were positive for HBsAg on radioimmunoassay (0.059%).

Primary immunization-like response without hepatitis following transfusion of HBeAg-positive blood.

An accidental transfusion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive whole blood was given to a 19-yr-old male, bleeding after tonsillectomy. Serum obtained from the patient before the transfusion revealed no hepatitis B antigens or antibodies. After the transfusion the patient became HBsAg-positive, cleared this antigen and developed antibodies to both HBsAg and HBeAg.

Identification of a cold agglutinin with anti-Pr3 specificity.

An apparent monoclonal IgM, kappa-cold agglutinin with anti-Pr specificity was detected in the serum of a 38-year old woman. Haemagglutination inhibition studies disclosed the subspecificity anti-Pr3, since the cold agglutinin was strongly inhibited by carbodiimide-treated erythrocyte glycoproteins. Studies with animal cells showed that the corresponding Pr3 determinant was found only on human red cells.

Circulating immune complexes in healthy persons.

The prevalence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) and C4 and C3 activation products (C4 and C3 A.P.) was investigated in sera from 106 blood donors, 100 hospital staff-members, 63 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and active synovitis, and in 25 hospital staff-members who had monthly tests performed during one year.

A new Miltenberger class detected by a second example of Anek type serum.

An incomplete IgG antibody, detected in compatibility testing, had the same specificity as Anek serum, a type serum of the Miltenberger complex. The cells of the donor represent a new Mi class, VIII, by sharing determinants found on cells of MiIV, VI and VII.

The prognosis of the healthy HBsAg carrier state. A 5- to 8-year follow-up study.

Thirty-six persons found to be healthy HBsAg carriers by routine donor screening from 1970 to 1973 were offered a follow-up examination in 1978. A total of 21 out of the 34 still living carriers were reexamined clinically, serologically, and biochemically. Seventeen of the 20 still HBsAg-positive carriers had anti-HBe, and 2 were HBeAg-positive.