Arabidopsis thaliana RHAMNOSE 1 condensate formation drives UDP-rhamnose synthesis.

Rhamnose is an essential component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized from uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose by the RHAMNOSE1 (RHM1) enzyme. RHM1 localizes to biomolecular condensates in plants, but their identity, formation, and function remain elusive. Combining live imaging, genetics, and biochemical approaches in Arabidopsis and heterologous systems, we show that RHM1 alone is sufficient to form enzymatically active condensates, which we name rhamnosomes.

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase substrate promiscuity: Challenges and opportunities for development of substrate reduction therapy in disorders of valine and isoleucine metabolism.

Toxicity of accumulating substrates is a significant problem in several disorders of valine and isoleucine degradation notably short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECHS1 or crotonase) deficiency, 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (HIBCH) deficiency, propionic acidemia (PA), and methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). Isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD8) and short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD, ACADSB) function in the valine and isoleucine degradation pathways, respectively. Deficiencies of these acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACAD) enzymes are considered biochemical abnormalities with limited or no clinical consequences.

Renaming Indigenous crops and addressing colonial bias in scientific language.

Indigenous crops, commonly known as orphan, forgotten, or neglected crops, are understudied, but have important roles in the diet and economy of the communities that cultivate them. Here, we review potential benefits of Indigenous crop research and highlight the importance of an anticolonial framework to prevent exploitation of these unique resources.

Plant Metabolic Network 15: A resource of genome-wide metabolism databases for 126 plants and algae.

To understand and engineer plant metabolism, we need a comprehensive and accurate annotation of all metabolic information across plant species. As a step towards this goal, we generated genome-scale metabolic pathway databases of 126 algal and plant genomes, ranging from model organisms to crops to medicinal plants (https://plantcyc.org).

Postablation Endometrial Carcinoma.

Background: Many women have undergone both resectoscopic and nonresectoscopic (or global) endometrial ablation (EA) during the past 20 years. These women are now approaching their sixth and seventh decades of life, a time frame in which endometrial carcinoma (EC) is most frequently diagnosed.

Database: In several reports, surgeons have expressed concern that endometrial ablation may leave a sequestered island of EC that may escape detection, possibly delaying its diagnosis or causing it to appear at an advanced stage.

Risk screening for ADHD in a college population: is there a relationship with academic performance?

Objective: The present study examines the relationship between self-reported levels of ADHD and academic outcomes, as well as aptitude.

Method: A total of 523 college students took the Adult Self-Report Scale-Version 1.1 (ASRS-V1.

Comparison of three ADHD screening instruments in college students of varying cognitive ability.

Objective: To assess three of the better known screeners for Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and review the relationship between ADHD and cognitive ability.

Method: The three ADHD screeners were administered to 111 college students enrolled in a college Introductory Psychology class, on whom ACT scores and total course performance were also available. As a measure of cognitive ability, the Wonderlic Personnel Test (Wonderlic, Inc.

Policing the drunk driver: measuring law enforcement involvement in reducing alcohol-impaired driving.

Introduction: With many thousands of deaths still annually attributable to driving under the influence (DUI), it remains imperative that we continually address the problem of producing and sustaining effective countermeasures, and that we subject these efforts to empirical scrutiny. This article presents relevant findings from state-wide datasets.

Results: A formula generating a potentially useful metric for assessing aspects of the DUI prosecutorial chain is presented, focusing on the rate of proactive DUI arrests.

Imbalance between cysteine proteases and inhibitors in a baboon model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Rationale: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be a major morbidity in preterm infants. The lung pathology in BPD is characterized by impaired alveolar and capillary development. An imbalance between proteases and protease inhibitors in association with changes in lung elastic fibers has been implicated in the pathogenesis of BPD.

Falling asleep at the wheel: aclose look at 1,269 fatal and serious injury-producing crashes.

This article reviews the literature on the prevalence of sleep-related motor vehicle crashes and presents a detailed analysis of the driver and context variables associated with a sample of 1,269 sleepy-driver, fatal and injury-causing vehicle crashes that occurred over a 6-year period in Tennessee. The crash profiles and trends are discussed in terms of their implications for addressing this significant problem in highway safety. Findings suggest that younger drivers, ages 15-21, are more at-risk for sleep-related motor vehicle crashes.

Potential renal transplant donors: evaluation with gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography and MR urography.

Purpose: To determine prospectively the feasibility and accuracy of combined gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography, MR urography, and MR nephrography in the presurgical evaluation of potential renal transplant donors.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two potential donors for renal transplantation were evaluated with 1.5-T MR imaging.

Sleep compression and sleep education for older insomniacs: self-help versus therapist guidance.

A treatment package consisting of a bed-time restriction strategy and education was administered to 50 insomniacs and 50 noninsomniacs 60 years or older. Half of the insomniacs and noninsomniacs received treatment through a self-help video only, whereas the remaining treated participants received therapist guidance to supplement the video. A waiting-list control group of 25 senior insomniacs was also included.

Application of cardiac monitoring to surgical patients.

Not all surgical patients need the utmost in sophisticated cardiac monitoring. For those who do, however, there is a considerable gain in morbidity and mortality reduction. In this paper, we outline the place of cardiac monitoring in the spectrum of cardiac disease and present cases illustrating its usefulness in both preoperative and postoperative settings.

Metacercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum in the eyes of fishes from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming.

Fish were collected from Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming (USA). Metacercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum was found in the lens of 11 of 12 longnose suckers (Catostomus catostomus). The mean number of metacercariae per sucker was 59 and the average age of the fish was 11.

Ruptured jejunum following Heimlich maneuver.

The Heimlich maneuver, over time, has proved to be a useful resuscitative procedure in the management of cases with airway occlusion secondary to foreign body. Medical treatments, however, can have side effects, and this maneuver is no exception. A previously unreported complication is presented, that of jejunal rupture.