Incontinence of urine and stool following treatment in infancy for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

A vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma which occurred in an 11-month-old infant was treated with conservative surgical excision, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The long-term sequelae of this therapy included rectal stenosis, which required surgical correction, and urinary incontinence. The patient may have had fewer long-term complications if a more aggressive surgical procedure had been performed at the time of diagnosis because a gross and microscopically complete excision would have obviated the need of postoperative pelvic irradiation.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction and sibling uropathology.

Thirty-seven siblings of 20 probands with ureteropelvic junction obstruction were evaluated with an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) and a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). Fourteen of 37 (38 per cent) had uropathology and 13 of 14 (93 per cent) required some form of therapy. Fifty-five per cent of the families had an additional child with uropathology.

Hypospadias.

The principles involved in the two techniques illustrated in this article are safe and effective. Complications can occur, as with any surgical procedure, but they can be minimized with careful attention to detail. In this, as in most discussions of technique, many small details are not included.

Sibling uropathology.

Of 197 sibships that were evaluated 47.6 per cent, excluding the probands, had undiagnosed uropathology. When the proband had reflux 26.