A Study on Radiation Level at the Treatment Plane Due to Induced Activity in Linear Accelerator Head.

Background: The induced activity is produced in the target, monitor chamber, flattening filter (FF), collimating jaws, etc., when a high-energy photon beam is utilized for radiation therapy. This may result in add-on exposure to radiation professionals.

Metagenomic analysis of soil from landfill site reveals a diverse microbial community involved in plastic degradation.

In this study, we have investigated microbial communities structure and function using high throughput amplicon sequencing and whole metagenomic sequencing of DNA extracted from different depths of a plastic-laden landfill site. With diverse taxonomic groups inhabiting the plastic-rich soil, our study demonstrates the remarkable adaptability of microbes to use this new substrate as a carbon source. FTIR spectroscopic analysis of soil indicated degradation of plastic as perceived from the carbonyl index of 0.

Mannose-specific plant and microbial lectins as antiviral agents: A review.

Lectins are non-immunological carbohydrate-binding proteins classified on the basis of their structure, origin, and sugar specificity. The binding specificity of such proteins with the surface glycan moiety determines their activity and clinical applications. Thus, lectins hold great potential as diagnostic and drug discovery agents and as novel biopharmaceutical products.

Growth Factor Independence-1 (GFI-1) Gene Expression in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Lineage Differentiation in Low Birth Weight Newborns Compared With Normal Birth Weight Newborns at Term Pregnancy.

Introduction Low birth weight (LBW), which is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases throughout life, is a significant public health concern. In addition to regulating myeloid cell differentiation and proliferation, a transcriptional repressor identified as growth factor independence-1 (GFI-1) is essential for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and self-renewal. The current study was designed to compare the expression of the GFI-1 gene in the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in newborns with LBW and those with normal birth weight (NBW).

Experimental Investigation of X-Ray Radiation Shielding and Radiological Properties for Various Natural Composites.

Background: Shielding from radiation and plan dose verification is vital during the potential applications in industrial and medical applications. A number of natural composites have been investigated for protecting against high-energy X-ray shielding.

Objective: The aim is to learn about how natural composites behave under various X-ray energies at STP.

Real-time classification of longitudinal conveyor belt cracks with deep-learning approach.

Long tunnels are a necessary means of connectivity due to topological conditions across the world. In recent years, various technologies have been developed to support construction of tunnels and reduce the burden on construction workers. In continuation, mountain tunnel construction sites especially pose a major problem for continuous long conveyor belts to remove crushed rocks and rubbles out of tunnels during the process of mucking.

A feasible approach for the treatment of waste computer casing plastic using subcritical to supercritical acetone: Statistical modelling and optimization.

Electronic waste (e-waste) usage has increased tremendously with the rapid evolution of technologies. The accumulated e-waste has now emerged as one of the crucial concerns regarding environmental pollution and human health. Recycling e-waste is commonly focused on metal recovery; nevertheless, a significant fraction of plastics (20-30%) are in e-waste.

AMP-activated protein kinase: An energy sensor and survival mechanism in the reinstatement of metabolic homeostasis.

Cells are programmed to favorably respond towards the nutrient availability by adapting their metabolism to meet energy demands. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved serine/threonine energy-sensing kinase. It gets activated upon a decrease in the cellular energy status as reflected by an increased AMP/ATP ratio, ADP, and also during the conditions of glucose starvation without change in the adenine nucelotide ratio.

CRISPR-Based Genome Editing for Nutrient Enrichment in Crops: A Promising Approach Toward Global Food Security.

The global malnutrition burden imparts long-term developmental, economic, social, and medical consequences to individuals, communities, and countries. The current developments in biotechnology have infused biofortification in several food crops to fight malnutrition. However, these methods are not sustainable and suffer from several limitations, which are being solved by the CRISPR-Cas-based system of genome editing.

Structure-based and Analysis Reveals Asiatic Acid as Novel Potential Inhibitor of Maltosyl Transferase.

Aims: The present study aimed to search for novel potent inhibitor(s) against the recently discovered maltosyltransferase (GlgE) target of M.tb.

Background: GlgE belongs to an α-amylase family and catalyzes the elongation of cytosolic branched α-glucan.

Sharing Practices for Datasets Related to Accessibility and Aging.

Datasets sourced from people with disabilities and older adults play an important role in innovation, benchmarking, and mitigating bias for both assistive and inclusive AI-infused applications. However, they are scarce. We conduct a systematic review of 137 accessibility datasets manually located across different disciplines over the last 35 years.

Exploring Machine Teaching with Children.

Iteratively building and testing machine learning models can help children develop creativity, flexibility, and comfort with machine learning and artificial intelligence. We explore how children use machine teaching interfaces with a team of 14 children (aged 7-13 years) and adult co-designers. Children trained image classifiers and tested each other's models for robustness.

An overview of the phytosynthesis of various metal nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology is an emerging branch of science wherein various valuable molecules with altered properties can be synthesized and utilized for numerous technological applications. Nowadays, nanotechnology is the preferred tool for the agriculture, food, and medicine industries. However, consistent accumulation of toxic by-products during the synthesis of nanoparticles from the established physical and chemical methods imposes an unprecedented danger to the environment and human well-being.

Modulation of interaction of BRCA1-RAD51 and BRCA1-AURKA protein complexes by natural metabolites using as possible therapeutic intervention toward cardiotoxic effects of cancer drugs: an approach.

Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) plays an important role in maintaining genome stability and is known to interact with several proteins involved in cellular pathways, gene transcription regulation and DNA damage response. More than 40% of inherited breast cancer cases are due to BRCA1 mutation. It is also a prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer patients as well as a gatekeeper of cardiac function.

High quality liquid fuel production from waste plastics via two-step cracking route in a bottom-up approach using bi-functional Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst.

Plastic waste is a serious menace to the world due to its fastest growth rate of ~ 5% per annum and requires efficient technologies for its safe disposal. Plastic liquefaction producing liquid hydrocarbons is an effective way to dispose waste plastics in an eco-friendly manner. In present study, high quality liquid fuel is produced from waste plastics via two-step bottom-up cracking approach.

Controlling liquid hydrocarbon composition in valorization of plastic waste via tuning zeolite framework and SiO/AlO ratio.

Abundance of plastic waste has become threat to the mankind and aquatic life and thus needs to be recycled or converted into value added products. Liquefaction of waste plastics via catalytic cracking is one the efficient routes towards plastic waste management. Concerning this, in present study, conversion of polymer mixture containing polypropylene, low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene (PP, LDPE and HDPE) was done for the production of gasoline and diesel range hydrocarbons using two-step cracking approach.

Structure-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening and simulation studies for the identification of potent anticancerous phytochemical lead targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 2.

Cyclin-dependent kinases are of critical importance in directing various cell cycle phases making them as potential tumor targets. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) in particular plays a significant part during cell cycle events and its imbalance roots out tumorogenic environment. Herein, we built a structure-based pharmacophore model complementing the ATP pocket site of CDK2 with four pharmacophoric features, using a series of structures obtained from cluster analysis during MD simulation assessment.

Berbamine induced activation of the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK signaling axis attenuates the development of hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD rats.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a chronic metabolic disorder is concomitant with oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to assess the effects of berbamine (BBM), a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid with manifold biological activities and pharmacological effects on lipid, cholesterol and glucose metabolism in a rat model of NAFLD, and to explicate the potential mechanisms underlying its activity. BBM administration alleviated the increase in the body weight and liver index of HFD rats.

Results of bladder neck reconstruction using bladder flaps in complex female urethral defects.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Female urethral defects are rare, congenital defects being more uncommon than acquired, and difficult to manage. Most female urethral defects are associated with incontinence or acute urinary retention. There is a lack of standard protocol-based management of female urethral defects because of limited experience.

Recombinant Expression and Characterization of Lemon (Citrus limon) Peroxidase.

Background: Class III plant peroxidases play important role in a number of physiological processes in plants such as lignin biosynthesis, suberization, cell wall biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species metabolism and plant defense against pathogens. Peroxidases are also of significance in several industrial applications. In view of this, the production and identification of novel peroxidases having resistance towards temperature, pH, salts is desirable.

Co Ba FeO ( = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) nanoferrites as gas sensor towards NO and NH gases.

Co Ba FeO ( = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.

Natural Products as Anti-Cancerous Therapeutic Molecules Targeted towards Topoisomerases.

Topoisomerases are reported to resolve the topological problems of DNA during several cellular processes, such as DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromatin remodeling. Two types of topoisomerases (Topo I and II) accomplish their designated tasks by introducing single- or double-strand breaks within the duplex DNA molecules, and thus maintain the proper structural conditions of DNA to release the topological torsions, which is generated by unwinding of DNA to access coded information, in the course of replication, transcription, and other processes. Both the topoisomerases have been looked at as crucial targets against various types of cancers such as lung, melanoma, breast, and prostate cancers.

Berbamine induced AMPK activation regulates mTOR/SREBP-1c axis and Nrf2/ARE pathway to allay lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in steatotic HepG2 cells.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is emanating as a global cataclysm. This study was designed to investigate the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and fat metabolism-regulating potential of berbamine (BBM), a natural bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. BBM attenuated intracellular lipid accumulation in oleic-acid exposed HepG2 cells (0.

IncluSet: A Data Surfacing Repository for Accessibility Datasets.

Datasets and data sharing play an important role for innovation, benchmarking, mitigating bias, and understanding the complexity of real world AI-infused applications. However, there is a scarcity of available data generated by people with disabilities with the potential for training or evaluating machine learning models. This is partially due to smaller populations, disparate characteristics, lack of expertise for data annotation, as well as privacy concerns.