Nanocrystalline graphite films nucleation by the radio frequency bias pretreatment.

New method for nucleation of different nanocrystalline carbon films upon monocrystalline Si substrate was proposed. The process is based on a combination of microwave and radio frequency plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition methods. Potential of the method for nucleation was demonstrated by deposition of nanocrystalline diamond film in pure microwave plasma in one process, immediately after "seeding" procedure.

[The specific features of copper and manganese metabolism in the use of iron-containing preparations].

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the efficiency of preventive treatment with various iron preparations on copper, manganese, and iron metabolic features in adult athletes.

Subjects And Methods: Forty adult highly qualified sambo wrestlers were examined and divided into 4 groups of 10 persons in each. Group 1 athletes took iron-containing Sorbifer Durules in combination with ascorbic acid; Group 2 received Ferro Gradumet Vitamin C; Group 3 had Hemofer and ascorbic acid; Group 4 took ascorbic acid tablets.

Elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in and out of intensive care units: a comparative, prospective study of 579 ventilations.

Introduction: Many mechanically ventilated elderly patients in Israel are treated outside of intensive care units (ICUs). The decision as to whether these patients should be treated in ICUs is reached without clear guidelines. We therefore conducted a study with the aim of identifying triage criteria and factors associated with in-hospital mortality in this population.

How do older ventilated patients fare? A survival/functional analysis of 641 ventilations.

Background: The outcome of mechanical ventilation in elderly patients should be evaluated by integrating survival rates with functional state over time after the ventilation episode.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to measure the survival rate and functional state of elderly ventilated patients and to present an integrated analysis of both outcome measures.

Methods: This is a prospective observational, noninterventional study of 641 invasive medical ventilations of elderly (65+ years) patients in medical wards and intensive care units.

[The causes, diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency states in the population (a review)].

Investigation has indicated that the main cause of blood iron deficiency is insufficient dietary intake of iron, vitamins, and proteins. The comprehensive examination of all iron metabolism-associated indices may identify iron deficiency, hematological parameteres being much more preferred. Iron drugs in combination with other trace elements, vitamins, and amino acids should be prescribed in this abnormality.

[Effect of vitamin supplementation on the metabolism of iron, copper and manganese in athletes].

The intake of vitamins C, P or vitamin complex (ascorutine, thiamine, riboflavine, pyridoxine, cyan cobalamin, folic acid) influenced direct and indirect indexes of iron, copper, and manganese metabolism increasing excretion of these biotics through intestinal tract and kidneys of sportsmen skiers. Addition of vitamin complex with trace elements and macroelements to the ration improved iron and copper balance in the body and functional status of athletes better than vitamins alone.

Human kidney hexosaminidase A and hexosaminidase B form a complex.

The isolation and purification of human kidney hexosaminidases A and B was carried out. Regulation of the supramolecular organization and catalytic activity of hexosaminidases was investigated in the bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulphosuccinate reversed micellar system modeling the enzyme microenvironment in the lysosomes. It was shown that hexosaminidases A and B associate forming 280-300-kDa dimeric complexes under these conditions.

[Hexosaminidase A-hexosaminidase B complex from human kidneys].

Isolation and purification on human kidney hexosaminidases A and B (EC 3.2.1.

[The Elektronika MK-52 programmable calculator in processing the results of biochemical studies].

The author reports the use of a new type of an Elektronika MK-52 programmed microcalculator for processing the results of biochemical studies. In contrast to other designs manufactured in this country, it is supplied with semifixed memory that permits storage of programs and data in the calculator after feeding switch off. Two new programs are suggested for estimating chorionic gonadotropin activity and for estimating liposome count in a preparation, and basic operations with the calculator are described as exemplified by these programs.

[Characteristics of the blood lipoprotein spectrum in commercial aviation pilots].

The study of lipids of civil pilots, aged 30-59 years, showed that their average levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were higher than those in a random sample of the male population of Moscow. The average level of HDL cholesterol in pilots was lower than in the sample. The prevalence of dislipoproteinemias in pilots was significantly higher than in the sample.

[Inhibition by cysteine of the carbohydrate-binding activity of lectins from Ricinus communis, Canavalia ensiformis and Euonymus europaeus].

Precipitation induced by different lectins has been studied in the presence of some aminoacids. It was shown that precipitates formed by lectins from Ricinus communis (RCA1), Canavalia ensiformis (Con A), Euonymus europaeus (Eel) in the presence of appropriate carbohydrate-containing molecules disappeared after cysteine addition, like after addition of specific carbohydrate precipitation inhibitors. It is assumed that cysteine residues of RCA1, Con A and Eel lectins are essential for their carbohydrate binding activity.

[Preparation of liposomes using the phase reversal method without sonication].

A simple procedure for preparation of liposomes based on the phase reversal method but differing from the original technique by the absence of ultrasonic treatment, has been developed. Using this method, the effects of NaCl concentration used for the preparation of liposomes from a mixture of neutral and charged lipids, on the inner liposome volume were studied. The experimental data suggest that NaCl concentration may be regarded as a basic criterion determining the size of liposomes in many routine techniques used for the preparation of liposomes from a mixture of neutral and charged lipids.

[Separate factors influencing the interaction of carbohydrate- containing liposomes with galactose-specific lectins].

Some natural (Gal-Cer, Lac-Cer, desyalylated gangliosides) and synthetic (HMGal) glycolipids differing in the length of the bridge linking the terminal galactose with the hydrophobic moiety were incorporated into the liposome membranes. The precipitation of the thus obtained vesicles induced by galactose-specific lectin RCA was studied. It was shown that when the amount of the glycolipids used for the incorporation into the liposomes (1 mol.

[Effect of the ionic strength of solutions on the size of ganglioside mycelia].

Gangliosides in aqueous media of low ionic strength (2-5 mM NaCl) and in concentrations over the critical ones (10(-5) M) form micellas which do not differ from liposomes as regards the chromatographic behavior on Sepharose 4R, with a molecular weight of greater than or equal to 10(7) dalton. In aqueous media of a higher ionic strength (greater than or equal to 20 mM NaCl), gangliosides form micellas which are eluted during chromatography in far later fractions than liposomes 70-80 nm in diameter, with a molecular weight of (1-5) X 10(5) dalton. It is assumed that the conclusions about ganglioside incorporation into the liposomal membrane made on the basis of their peaks coincidence are correct, provided that ganglioside-containing liposomes are obtained and chromatographed under high ionic strength (greater than or equal to 20 mM NaCl).

[Incorporation of some glycoconjugates into the membrane of liposomes and interaction of ganglioside-containing liposomes with rat hepatocytes in vitro].

Inclusion of some glycosides, gangliosides and ceruloplasmin into large (300-400 nm in diameter) unilamellar liposomes was performed. About 100% of the gangliosides, 30-50% of ceruloplasmin and 3-5% of the glycosides were incorporated into the phospholipid vesicles under these conditions. The liposomes containing ceruloplasmin or gangliosides, in contrast to the glycoside-containing vesicles, were precipitated in the presence of agglutinin from Ricinus communis.

[Replication and reassociation kinetics of nuclear matrix DNA from regenerating rat liver].

Fraction 1, containing 65--70% of nuclear DNA (nDNA) was extracted from isolated rat liver nuclei. Then nuclear matrix fraction, containing 30--35% of nDNA was extracted with 1.2 M NaCl.

[Replication of DNA associated with nuclear envelope of regenerating rat liver].

DNA associated with nuclear envelopes was isolated from rat liver nuclear lysate using centrifugation in sucrose gradient. The specific radioactivity of DNA obtained in nuclear envelope was compared with that of overall nuclear DNA at different stages of the S-period after partial hepatectomy and 1-15 min following intravenous injection of 3H-thymidine. It was found that at various steps of the cell cycle (19, 24 and 27 hrs following partial hepatectomy) the specific radioactivities of nuclear membrane-linked and overall nuclear DNAs do not show any significant differences.

[DNA from chromatin-nuclear membrane complex: reassociation kinetics at different stages of the cell cycle].

Base composition and reassociation kinetics of DNA from chromatin-nuclear membrane complex of rat liver cells at different stages of the cell cycle. The complex isolated in low ionic strength solutions contains about 9% of total nuclear DNA, and its density in sucrose solution is 1.27 g/cm2.