Validation of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale in the Czech Republic.

We have verified the eligibility of the Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) as a basic clinical tool for determining the subjective severity of illness in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) in the Czech Republic. Total of 37 patients with a diagnosis of IH (9 men, 28 women, mean age 40.2 ± 12.

Enhanced tumor response to adoptive T cell therapy with PHD2/3-deficient CD8 T cells.

While adoptive cell therapy has shown success in hematological malignancies, its potential against solid tumors is hindered by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In recent years, members of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family have gained recognition as important regulators of T-cell metabolism and function. The role of HIF signalling in activated CD8 T cell function in the context of adoptive cell transfer, however, has not been explored in full depth.

Thalamocortical Dynamics during Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in the Mouse Somatosensory Pathway.

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, also referred to as paradoxical sleep for the striking resemblance of its electroencephalogram (EEG) to the one observed in wakefulness, is characterized by the occurrence of transient events such as limb twitches or facial and rapid eye movements. Here, we investigated the local activity of the primary somatosensory or barrel cortex (S1) in naturally sleeping head-fixed male mice during REM. Through local field potential recordings, we uncovered local appearances of spindle waves in the barrel cortex during REM concomitant with strong delta power, challenging the view of a wakefulness-like activity in REM.

Investigation of anti-neuronal antibodies and disparity in central hypersomnias.

Study Objectives: Microbial antigens can elicit an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with autoantigens. Still, their clinical significance in human sera in the context of brain diseases is unclear. Therefore, assessment of natural autoantibodies reacting with their neuropeptides may elucidate the autoimmune etiology of central hypersomnias.

Guardians of Rest? Investigating the gut microbiota in central hypersomnolence disorders.

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in elucidating the influence of the gut microbiota on sleep physiology. The gut microbiota affects the central nervous system by modulating neuronal pathways through the neuroendocrine and immune system, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and various metabolic pathways. The gut microbiota can also influence circadian rhythms.

Sleep disorders after COVID-19 in Czech population: Post-lockdown national online survey.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency, type, and correlates of a broad spectrum of sleep disorders in adults with COVID-19 up to 32 months after infection.

Methods: We conducted a national online survey (Jun 2021-Dec 2022), gathering information on COVID-19 diagnosis, acute disease course, and the subsequent development of sleep disorders from 1507 respondents (mean age 44.5 ± 13.

Parasomnias in Pregnancy.

Objectives: Pregnancy is often associated with reduced sleep quality and an increase in sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, and insomnia. There are few studies investigating the prevalence of parasomnias in pregnancy, although they may be expected to be a significant problem, as disturbed sleep in this time period in addition to these sleep disorders may trigger parasomnia episodes.

Methods: We conducted a survey using an online questionnaire focusing on a comparison of the prevalence of parasomnias in three time periods: 3 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 3 months after delivery.

Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression Identified in Murine Decidual Stromal Cells Is Not Essential for Feto-Maternal Tolerance.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyze the rate-limiting step of tryptophan catabolism along the kynurenine pathway, which has important immuno suppressive properties, particularly in tumor cells and dendritic cells. The prominent expression of IDO1 in the placenta also suggested a role in preventing immune rejection of fetal tissues, and pharmacological inhibition of IDO1 induced abortion of allogeneic fetuses in mice. However, this was later challenged by the lack of rejection of allogeneic fetuses in IDO1-KO mice, suggesting that other mechanisms may compensate for IDO1 deficiency.

Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression Identified in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and in Intratumoral Pericytes of Most Cancers.

Tryptophan catabolism is used by tumors to resist immune attack. It can be catalyzed by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). IDO1 is frequently expressed in tumors and has been widely studied as a potential therapeutic target to reduce resistance to cancer immunotherapy.

Accuracy of EUS and CEH EUS for the diagnosis of pancreatic tumours.

Objectives: The main objective is to compare the accuracy of EUS and CEH EUS for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). The secondary objective is to evaluate the accuracy of EUS FNA and to determine to what extent EUS and CEH EUS findings are affected by endosonographer subjectivity.

Methods: A prospective single-centre study was conducted in patients with pancreatic lesions detected on CT.

Effect of repeated therapeutic horse riding sessions on the trunk movement of the rider.

Objective: To assess the rider's movement during walking the horse in repeated therapeutic horse riding sessions and to determine the relationship between movements of the horse's back and the rider's trunk.

Method: A total of 12 healthy females (age: 23.3±2.

[Is accurate preoperative assessment of pancreatic cystic lesions possible?].

Introduction: Cystic lesions of the pancreas (CLP) are of different origin and behaviour. Mucinous lesions with the risk of invasive cancer represent an important subgroup. The key point in differential diagnosis of CLP is to distinguish malignant and benign lesions and also correct indication for surgery in order to minimize the impact of serious complications after resection.

[Gluten induced diseases].

The introduction of cereals in human nutrition 10 000 years ago caused the occurrence of gluten induced diseases. This protein complex is involved in pathogenesis of wheat allergy, celiac disease, and gluten sensitivity. Wheat allergy and celiac disease are mediated by the system of adaptive immunity.

Use of several waste substrates for carotenoid-rich yeast biomass production.

Carotenoids are industrially significant pigments produced in many bacteria, fungi, and plants. Carotenoid biosynthesis in yeasts is involved in stress response mechanisms. Thus, controlled physiological and nutrition stress can be used for enhanced pigment production.

An assessment of the pressure distribution exerted by a rider on the back of a horse during hippotherapy.

Hippotherapy employs locomotion impulses that are emitted from the back of a horse while the horse is walking. These impulses stimulate the rider's postural reflex mechanisms, resulting in training of balance and coordination. The aim of the present study was to assess the changes in magnitude and distribution of the contact pressure between the rider and the horse during a series of hippotherapy lessons.