Neural activity related to productive vocabulary knowledge effects during second language comprehension.

Second language learners and educators often believe that improving one's listening ability hinges on acquiring an extensive vocabulary and engaging in thorough listening practice. Our previous study suggested that listening comprehension is also impacted by the ability to produce vocabulary. Nevertheless, it remained uncertain whether quick comprehension could be attributed to a simple acceleration of processing or to changes in neural activity.

Performance of myotonometer in the assessment of skin involvement in systemic sclerosis.

Objectives: A clinically practical tool to assess skin biomechanical properties rapidly and accurately is still lacking. Our aim was to examine the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of a myotonometer for objective skin property assessment in systemic sclerosis (SSc), comparing it with the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), and distinguishing patients from healthy controls.

Method: Thirty-four patients (21 limited and 13 diffuse SSc), and 31 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled.

Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-related anti-inflammatory effects of 3-aminobenzamide and infliximab in experimental colitis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the presence of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase and bacterial translocation after the administration of 3-aminobenzamide and infliximab in the TNBS model of rat colitis.

Methods: The study group was divided into five categories as follows: group 1: (control), group 2: colitis+saline, group 3: colitis+3-aminobenzamide, group 4: colitis+infliximab, and group 5: colitis+3-aminobenzamide+infliximab. Intestinal mesenteric cultures were incubated on specific agar media plates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, bacterial translocation was evaluated and assessed as colony-forming units per gram of tissue.

The effect of the ischaemic compression technique on pain and functionality in temporomandibular disorders: A randomised clinical trial.

Background: Interventions addressing pain and impaired functionality in individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are needed.

Objective: To compare the effects of 4 weeks of exercise combined with ischaemic compression and exercise alone in patients with TMDs.

Methods: Fifty patients who were diagnosed with TMDs were randomised into Group 1 (exercise combined with ischaemic compression technique) (n = 25) or Group 2 (exercise alone) (n = 25).

Does preemptive gabapentin modulate cytokine response in total knee arthroplasty? A placebo controlled study.

Background: Gabapentin, as a structural analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid, has been investigated to provide pain relief in the early postoperative period following various surgical interventions.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate whether preemptive oral administration of gabapentin 800 mg can reduce postoperative pain and modulate the inflammatory cytokine response in comparison to placebo in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia.

Material And Methods: Fifty-two patients were randomly divided into 2 groups before surgery, either to receive peroral gabapentin 800 mg or placebo drug, 1 h before surgery.

The sublethal effects of (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D) on narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823).

2,4-D is a widely used phenoxy herbicide, potentially toxic to humans and biota. The objective of the present study was to reveal short term sublethal effects of 2,4-D on narrow-clawed freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823), based on histology, total haemocyte counts, selected haemolymph parameters, and oxidative stress parameters. In the laboratory conditions crayfish specimens were exposed to 9 mg L-1 of 2,4-D for one week.

The 2100MHz radiofrequency radiation of a 3G-mobile phone and the DNA oxidative damage in brain.

We aimed to evaluate the effect of 2100MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted by a generator, simulating a 3G-mobile phone on the brain of rats during 10 and 40 days of exposure. The female rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group I; exposed to 3G modulated 2100MHz RFR signal for 6h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 2 weeks, group II; control 10 days, were kept in an inactive exposure set-up for 6h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 2 weeks, group III; exposed to 3G modulated 2100MHz RFR signal for 6h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 8 weeks and group IV; control 40 days, were kept in an inactive exposure set-up for 6h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 8 weeks.

The Effects of Different Anaesthetic Techniques on Surgical Stress Response During Inguinal Hernia Operations.

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of 3 different kinds of anaesthesia on stress response induced by surgery.

Methods: Sixty patients aged between 25-70 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II group to undergo inguinal herniography were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20.

Markers of early atherosclerosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with acromegaly.

Purpose: Data regarding atherosclerosis in acromegaly is controversial in literature. We aimed to investigate the markers of early atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and their relationships with each other in acromegaly.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with acromegaly and 40 control subjects were enrolled.

The effects of N-acetylcysteine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate on liver tissue protein oxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels after the exposure to radiofrequency radiation.

Purpose: The widespread and sustained use of mobile and cordless phones causes unprecedented increase of radiofrequency radiation (RFR). The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of 900 MHz Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)-modulated RFR (average whole body Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of 0.4 W/kg, 10 or 20 min daily for consecutive 7 days) to the liver tissue of guinea pigs and the protective effects of antioxidant treatments.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to reveal the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on random-skin flaps in rats.

Introduction: N-acetylcysteine is an agent among free radical scavengers which is used primarily as a mucolitic agent. Experimental studies have demonstrated protective effects of NAC on hepatic, renal, lung, and intestinal injuries.

The effect of radiofrequency radiation on DNA and lipid damage in female and male infant rabbits.

Purpose: We aimed to design a prolonged radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure and investigate in an animal model, possible bio-effects of RF radiation on the ongoing developmental stages of children from conception to childhood.

Materials And Methods: A total of 72 New Zealand female and male white rabbits aged one month were used. Females were exposed to RF radiation for 15 min/day during 7 days, whereas males were exposed to the same level of radiation for 15 min/day during 14 days.

Genotoxicity assessment of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings by tissue DNA damage and micronucleus test, after environmental exposure to fenitrothion.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of sublethal doses of fenitrothion, an organophosphothionate insecticide on brain, gill, liver, and muscle tissues as a ratio of 8-OHdG to dG to indicate the DNA damage and erythrocyte micronucleus frequency for genotoxicity of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings. In our study, the mean weights and lengths of the fish (n = 4-12) were 31.

Oxidative DNA damage: the thyroid hormone-mediated effects of insulin on liver tissue.

Thyroid hormone affects glucose homeostasis with its actions between the skeletal muscle and liver and the altered oxidative and non-oxidative glucose metabolism. In our study three chemicals are considered biomarkers associated with oxidative stress for protein modifications were measured; 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyyguanosine (8-OHdG), a major lesion that can be generated by reactive oxygen species for DNA damage, protein carbonyl content (PCO), products of protein oxidation and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) a dithyrosine containing cross-linked protein products. The purpose of the recent study was to determine the effects of insulin and T4 or their combination in diabetic, thyroidectomized, or diabetic-thyroidectomized rats and possible relations with oxidative DNA and protein damages.

A quantitative evaluation of total antioxidant status and oxidative stress markers in preeclampsia and gestational diabetic patients in 24-36 weeks of gestation.

Objective: To assess the plasma and serum maternal total antioxidant status, circulating levels of lipid peroxidation breakdown products (MDA), protein oxidation markers (AOPPs), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) in preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients and compare them with noncomplicated normal pregnancies between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation.

Study Design: 27 GDM, 27 preeclampsia and 29 noncomplicated singleton pregnancies were included. The blood samples were taken at the diagnosis of disease.

Glucan improves impaired wound healing in diabetic rats .

Unlabelled:  Purpose. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a contributing factor to impaired wound healing in humans. A large body of evidence indicates that the diabetic state is associated with delayed or reduced wound repair capacity.

Sublethal cyfluthrin toxicity to carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings: biochemical, hematological, histopathological alterations.

This study measures a whole series of biological endpoints, and histopathological and behavioral changes of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings in order to investigate the adverse effects of a sublethal concentration of 10 microg/L cyfluthrin for 48h and one week using the semi-static test system. The most significantly altered findings of this study was that total antioxidant status levels decreased in 48h, chloride levels decreased in one week, and sodium and phosphorous levels increased in the 48h-exposed group.

How Sublethal Fenitrothion is Toxic in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Fingerlings.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of fenitrothion, an organophosphothionate insecticide, on selected serum hematological and biochemical parameters of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings and investigate histopathological changes after acute dose of exposure. Among those, cortisol and glucose are evaluated as responses of early life stages of carp to acute stress and hematological blood parameters are evaluated to investigate the mechanism of toxicity via histopathological changes to the standard test organism.