Homeostasis: understanding the effects of impaired mechanisms.

This article focuses on homeostasis and offers a pathophysiological perspective. The dynamic mechanisms responsible for maintaining internal balance and disruptive processes will be analysed through the lens of key systems including the nervous, endocrine and renal systems. The environmental factors and their potential impact on homeostasis have been considered.

Juvenile Spring Eruption: A Report on an Outbreak and 2 Sporadic Cases in French Military Personnel.

Juvenile spring eruption is a sun-related skin eruption primarily affecting boys or young adult males. The pathophysiology is unknown, but there appears to be a link with sun exposure in cold weather. It can cause small outbreaks, particularly in groups of children or young adults.

Physicians, pharmacists and take-home naloxone: What practices? The SINFONI study.

Objective: For several years, both the French Addictovigilance Network and French health authorities have consistently emphasized the need to provide opioid users with take-home naloxone (THN), the specific antidote for opioid overdoses. In March 2022, the French Health Authority recommended systematically assessing the appropriateness of prescribing THN to all opioid users, regardless of the context, and identified 8 high-risk situations. However, at present, THN distribution remains limited, particularly among primary care healthcare professionals.

Performances of preoperative CT scan to predict the pTN stage for MSI/dMMR localized colon cancers.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy emerges as a promising strategy for patients with localized colon cancer (CC) harboring microsatellite instability/mismatch repair deficiency (MSI/dMMR). The aim of this study is to evaluate the concordance between clinical cTN stage assessed by preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan and pTN stage of MSI/dMMR CC.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed for localized MSI/dMMR CC and treated with upfront surgery between 2013 and 2022 in two French centers were eligible.

Development and analyses of stakeholder driven conceptual models to support the implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management in the U.S. Caribbean.

Fisheries management agencies in the U.S. Caribbean are currently taking steps into transitioning from a single species approach to one that includes Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) considerations.

Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK): preclinical assessment of safety and efficacy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant settings.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the standard of care for chemotherapy-refractory leukemia patients, but cure rates are still dismal. To prevent leukemia relapse following HSCT, we aim to improve the early graft-versus-leukemia effect mediated by natural killer (NK) cells. Our approach is based on the adoptive transfer of Therapeutic Inducers of Natural Killer cell Killing (ThINKK).

Homozygous variant in abolishing triokinase activities is associated with isolated immunodeficiency.

Background: Triokinase and FMN cyclase (TKFC) is a bifunctional enzyme involved in fructose metabolism. Triokinase catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-derived glyceraldehyde (GA) and exogenous dihydroxyacetone (DHA), while FMN cyclase generates cyclic FMN. TKFC regulates the antiviral immune response by interacting with IFIH1 (MDA5).

Tryptophan residues in TDP-43 and SOD1 modulate the cross-seeding and toxicity of SOD1.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons. Neuronal superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) inclusion bodies are characteristic of familial ALS with SOD1 mutations, while a hallmark of sporadic ALS is inclusions containing aggregated WT TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). We show here that co-expression of mutant or WT TDP-43 with SOD1 leads to misfolding of endogenous SOD1 and aggregation of SOD1 reporter protein SOD1-GFP in human cell cultures and promotes synergistic axonopathy in zebrafish.

Oxygen isotopes in orangutan teeth reveal recent and ancient climate variation.

Studies of climate variation commonly rely on chemical and isotopic changes recorded in sequentially produced growth layers, such as in corals, shells, and tree rings, as well as in accretionary deposits-ice and sediment cores, and speleothems. Oxygen isotopic compositions (δO) of tooth enamel are a direct method of reconstructing environmental variation experienced by an individual animal. Here, we utilize long-forming orangutan dentitions ( spp.

"Naloxone? Not for me!" First cross-assessment by patients and healthcare professionals of the risk of opioid overdose.

Background: Opioid-related mortality is a rising public health concern in France, where opioids were in 2021 implicated in 75% of overdose deaths. Opioid substitution treatment (OST) was implicated in almost half of deaths related to substance and drug abuse. Although naloxone could prevent 80% of these deaths, there are a number of barriers to the distribution of take-home naloxone (THN) among opioid users in France.

The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki.

The largest ever primate and one of the largest of the southeast Asian megafauna, Gigantopithecus blacki, persisted in China from about 2.0 million years until the late middle Pleistocene when it became extinct. Its demise is enigmatic considering that it was one of the few Asian great apes to go extinct in the last 2.

Emotional dysmetria after cerebellar-pontine stroke: a case report.

Introduction: Pseudobulbar affect, or emotional dysregulation, commonly occurs following stroke. However, it is frequently missed in cases involving the cerebellum, resulting in a lack of treatment, which can directly impact stroke rehabilitation.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old Caucasian female with no history of mood disorders presented with gait instability, dysarthria, and right sided hemiplegia, secondary to cerebellar and pontine ischemic stroke from a basilar occlusion.

How to say "I don't know": development and evaluation of workshops for medical students and surgical residents on communicating uncertainty using the ADAPT framework.

Purpose: Uncertainty, or the conscious awareness of having doubts, is pervasive in medicine, from differential diagnoses and the sensitivity of diagnostic tests, to the absence of a single known recovery path. While openness about uncertainty is necessary for shared decision-making and is a pillar of patient-centered care, it is a challenge to do so while preserving patient confidence. The authors' aim was to develop, pilot, and evaluate an uncertainty communication curriculum to prepare medical students and residents to confidently navigate such conversations.

Phenotyping the Responses to Systemic Corticosteroids in the Management of Asthma Attacks (PRISMA): protocol for an observational and translational pilot study.

Introduction: Asthma and its associated exacerbation are heterogeneous. Although severe asthma attacks are systematically prescribed corticosteroids and often antibiotics, little is known about the variability of response to these therapies. Blood eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) are type 2 inflammation biomarkers that have established mechanistic, prognostic and theragnostic values in chronic asthma, but their utility in acute asthma is unclear.

First direct evidence of lion hunting and the early use of a lion pelt by Neanderthals.

During the Upper Paleolithic, lions become an important theme in Paleolithic art and are more frequent in anthropogenic faunal assemblages. However, the relationship between hominins and lions in earlier periods is poorly known and primarily interpreted as interspecies competition. Here we present new evidence for Neanderthal-cave lion interactions during the Middle Paleolithic.