Pharmacist intervention is associated with fewer serious falls over 3 months among older fallers at a day hospital: A quasi-experimental study.

Objectives: Some drugs increase the risk of falls, including serious falls. The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to determine whether the intervention of a clinical pharmacist among older outpatients receiving a multifactorial fall prevention program at a geriatric day hospital dedicated to older patients with a recent history of falls was effective in preventing serious falls over a 3-month follow-up, compared with usual care.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study in 296 consecutive older outpatients, including 85 with pharmacist intervention (the intervention group) and 148 without (the control group).

Orthostatic hypotension and cognitive impairment: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

The association between cognitive disorders and orthostatic hypotension (OH) has been empirically explored, but the results have been divergent, casting doubt on the presence and direction of the association. The objective of this meta-analysis was to systematically review and quantitatively synthesize the association of OH and cognitive function, specifically mean score on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), cognitive impairment and incident dementia. A Medline search was conducted in May 2022 with no date limit, using the MeSH terms "orthostatic hypotension" OR "orthostatic intolerance" OR "hypotension" combined with the Mesh terms "cognitive dysfunction" OR "Alzheimer disease" OR "dementia" OR "cognition disorder" OR "neurocognitive disorder" OR "cognition" OR "neuropsychological test".

[How to optimise the use of psychotropic drugs in the elderly? Focus groups in a geriatric unit].

The elderly person (EP) treated with psychotropics is at risk of iatropathology. The guidelines for the proper use of these treatments are difficult to apply and the difficulties met by hospital teams are little described in the literature. Our objective was to investigate the problem of psychotropic management in EP among the medical and care teams.

Correlates of Undernutrition in Older People in Guadeloupe (French West Indies): Results from the KASADS Study.

: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for undernutrition in community-dwelling older adults in Guadeloupe (Caribbean islands). : We used data from the KArukera Study of Aging-Drugs Storage (KASADS), an observational cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older people living in Guadeloupe. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to assess the risk of undernutrition.

Orthostatic hypotension and executive function in older people from the French MERE cohort attending a memory clinic.

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) seems to be implicated in cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, not all the cognitive functions affected by OH have been identified. Participants from the MERE cohort were evaluated for OH (i.

Association between age-related hearing loss and gait disorders in older fallers.

Introduction: Falls are associated with hearing loss, which might be explained by the onset of gait disorders. The objective of this study was to examine the association between Age-Related Hearing Loss (ARHL) and gait disorders assessed with GAITrite walkway in a population of fallers aged 75 and over while accounting for the vestibular function.

Methods: We examined data from 53 older patients (mean 84.

Month-of-Birth Effect on Muscle Mass and Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Women: The French EPIDOS Cohort.

. Vitamin D is involved in muscle health and function. This relationship may start from the earliest stages of life during pregnancy when fetal vitamin D relies on maternal vitamin D stores and sun exposure.

Higher Concentrations of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) are Associated with Reduced Gait Velocity in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Introduction/objectives: High serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been associated with osteoporosis, sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia. Gait velocity is a predictor of adverse outcomes. This systematic review aimed to assess the observational evidence studying the association of PTH concentrations with gait velocity in adults.

Vitamin D Fortification of Consumption Cow's Milk: Health, Nutritional and Technological Aspects. A Multidisciplinary Lecture of the Recent Scientific Evidence.

Vitamin D is essential in assuring bone health at all stages of life, but its non-skeletal effects are also essential: This vitamin impacts the physiology of the immune system, skeletal muscles and adipose tissue, glucose metabolism, skin, cardiovascular and reproductive systems, neuro-cognitive functions and cell division. The incidence of vitamin D deficiency is widespread worldwide, at any age, in young and healthy subjects, as well as in pregnant women and the elderly population, due to several factors, including inadequate sunlight exposure, skin pigmentation and coverage, adiposity, lifestyle and low dietary intakes. To overcome this problem, the fortification of foods that are consumed on a daily basis, such as milk, is strongly advisable.

Prognostic value of a comprehensive geriatric assessment for predicting one-year mortality in presumably frail patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis.

Introduction: Despite suffering a severe aortic stenosis, some patients are denied either surgical or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) therapy because of a frail condition. We aimed to identify whether a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) might be useful to predict the prognosis of presumably frail patients with severe aortic stenosis.

Material And Methods: Between March 2011 and July 2016, 818 patients were consecutively and prospectively enrolled.

Determinants of hospital and one-year mortality among older patients admitted to intensive care units: results from the multicentric SENIOREA cohort.

Background: Improving outcomes of older patients admitted into intensive care units (ICU) is a raising concern. This study aimed at determining which geriatric and ICU parameters were associated with in-hospital and long-term mortality in this population.

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicentric observational cohort study, including patients aged 75 years and older requiring mechanical ventilation, admitted between September 2012 and December 2013 into ICU of 13 French hospitals.

Age-related alterations on the capacities to navigate on a bike: use of a simulator and entropy measures.

Studying the impact of age is important to understand the phenomenon of aging and the disorders that are associated with it. In this work, we analyze age-related alterations on the capacities to navigate on a bike. For this purpose, we use CycléoONE, a bike simulator, and entropy measures.

A Novel Multiscale Cross-Entropy Method Applied to Navigation Data Acquired with a Bike Simulator.

We present herein a new approach - the so-called time-shift multiscale cross-distribution entropy (TSMCDE) - to quantify the complexity between two sequences. By analyzing biomedical data, we reveal that TSMCDE over-performs other cross-entropy measures. Thus, TSMCDE, multiscale cross-sample entropy (MCSE), multiscale cross-distribution entropy (MCDE), and time-shift multiscale cross-sample entropy (TSMCSE) were applied to handlebar angle and speed time series recorded from a bike simulator.

The risk of lower-limb superficial vein thrombosis relative to lower-limb venous thrombotic events is not increased in winter months.

Objectives: Ambient temperature (that impacts differently venous flow in superficial and deep veins) could have a different effect on the risk of superficial and deep venous thrombosis. We searched for a trimestral variation of the risk of superficial venous thrombosis among all lower-limb thrombotic events (lower-limb thrombotic events = superficial venous thrombosis + deep venous thrombosis).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of venous ultrasound investigations performed among 11,739 patients (aged 67 ± 19 years old, 56.

Serum Vitamin D and Cingulate Cortex Thickness in Older Adults: Quantitative MRI of the Brain.

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with brain changes, and cognitive and mobility declines in older adults.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate in older adults whether vitamin D insufficiency<50nmol/L was associated with thinner cingulate cortex, a brain area related to cognitive functions influenced by vitamin D.

Methods: Two hundred and fifteen Caucasian older community-dwellers (mean±SD, 72.

Profiling older community-dwellers with hypovitaminosis D: A classification tree analysis.

Despite the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in older adults, universal vitamin D supplementation is not recommended due to potential risk of intoxication. Our aim here was to determine the clinical profiles of older community-dwellers with hypovitaminosis D. The perspective is to build novel strategies to screen for and supplement those with hypovitaminosis D.

Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation. Myths and Realities with Regard to Cardiovascular Risk.

Vitamin D and calcium are considered crucial for the treatment of bone diseases. Both vitamin D and calcium contribute to bone homeostasis but also preserve muscle health by reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Low vitamin D concentrations result in secondary hyperparathyroidism and contribute to bone loss, although the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism varies, even in patients with severe vitamin D deficiency.

U-Shaped Relationship between Serum Leptin Concentration and Cognitive Performance in Older Asian Adults.

The role of leptin (a hormone related to fat mass) in cognition remains equivocal. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between circulating leptin concentration and cognition in older adults, accounting for potential confounders. We categorized 1061 community-dwelling older participants ≥60 years (mean ± SD, 70.

Singular case of osteolytic lesions revealing transformation of myeloproliferative syndrome to acute leukemia.

Hematological malignancies can cause bone lesions, of which the most common are the punched-out foci of osteolysis seen in multiple myeloma. However, osteosclerotic lesions are more common in myeloproliferative disorders. We report the unusual case of a patient with myeloproliferative syndrome in whom the development of osteolytic lesions revealed transformation to acute leukemia.

Painless local pressure application to test microvascular reactivity to ischemia.

Background: Forearm cutaneous blood flux (CBF) measurement with post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) is uncomfortable and may not be devoid of risks. We aimed to investigate post-compression reactive hyperemia (PCRH) with a custom-made indenter that was designed to be easily used routinely by inexperienced observers.

Methods: Medical students evaluated PCRH with 1- to 4-min pressure applications of 16 to 34 kPa and PORH with 3-min forearm cuff occlusion using laser speckle contrast imaging in 15 healthy volunteers.

Vitamin D and Subjective Memory Complaint in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Background: Older adults with hypovitaminosis D report more often subjective cognitive complaints, especially with regards to memory. This raises prospects that vitamin D may improve older adults' subjective experience of memory disorders.

Objective: To determine among older community-dwellers whether higher serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations were associated with fewer memory complaints, while considering different subtypes of memory complaints.

Vitamin D and walking speed in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Vitamin D is involved in musculoskeletal health. There is no consensus on a possible association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and walking speed, a 'vital sign' in older adults. Our objective was to systematically review and quantitatively assess the association of 25OHD concentration with walking speed.

Self-administered Vitamin D Status Predictor: Older adults are able to use a self-questionnaire for evaluating their vitamin D status.

Background: The 16-item Vitamin D Status Predictor (VDSP) questionnaire helps to identify, without resorting to a blood test, older adults with low vitamin D concentrations. Our objective was to determine whether a self-administered VDSP was concordant with the VDSP administered by a physician, and to examine the concordance of every single item of the VDSP.

Methods: A total of 349 older in- and outpatients (mean, 83.

Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: From atherosclerosis to myocardial infarction and stroke.

There continues to be interest in understanding the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis, epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In fact vitamin D deficiency has been associated to an increased risk of developing CVD given to the relationship between low vitamin D levels and obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. However, although vitamin D has been identified as a potentially important marker of CVD, the mechanisms through which vitamin D deficiency leads from endothelial dysfunction to myocardial infarction and stroke are not fully understood.