Lobectomy offers improved survival outcomes relative to segmentectomy for >2 but ≤4 cm non-small cell lung cancer tumors.

Objective: The objective was to compare overall survival (OS) between lobectomy and segmentectomy for patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) > 2 but ≤4 cm.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried to identify treatment-naïve patients with NSCLC tumors >2 but ≤4 cm. Eligible patients were diagnosed with pT1 or T2 N0 M0 disease, underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy, and received no adjuvant therapy.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol Minimizes Intensive Care Unit Utilization and Improves Outcomes Following Pulmonary Resection.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been associated with improved postoperative outcomes but require further validation in thoracic surgery. This study evaluated outcomes of patients undergoing pulmonary resection before and after implementation of an ERAS protocol.

Methods: Electronic medical records were queried for all patients undergoing pulmonary resection between April 2017 and April 2019.

Differential outcomes of residual disease in surgically-resected non-small cell lung cancer and the importance of guideline-concordant adjuvant therapy.

Background: Positive mediastinal lymph nodes, a marker for systemic disease, and positive margins, a marker for local disease, following resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are forms of residual disease. The objective of this study is to compare survival of patients with residual disease and to study the effect of receipt of guideline vs. non-guideline concordant care.

Understanding thoracic surgeons' perceptions of administrative database analyses and guidelines in clinical decision-making.

Objectives: This study explored cardiothoracic surgeons' perceptions of health services research and practice guidelines, particularly how both influence providers' clinical decision-making.

Methods: A trained interviewer conducted open-ended, semistructured phone interviews with cardiothoracic surgeons across the United States. The interviews explored surgeons' experiences with lung cancer treatment and their perceptions of health services research and guidelines.

Ethanol differentially modulates P2X4 and P2X7 receptor activity and function in BV2 microglial cells.

Neuroinflammation is one of the mechanisms leading to neurodegenerative brain damage induced by chronic alcohol (ethanol) exposure. Microglia play a major role in the development of innate immune responses to environmental injuries including ethanol. Adenosine 5″-triphosphate (ATP)-activated purinergic P2X receptor (P2XR) subtypes, P2X4Rs and P2X7Rs, are endogenously expressed in microglia and can modulate their activity.

Utilizing an Orally Dissolving Strip for Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies: A Simple and Humane Alternative to Oral Gavage for Animals.

Prior to testing novel therapeutics in humans, short and long term preclinical (i.e., animal), repetitive pharmacological and toxicological testing is required.