Spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation in Transgenic Goats With TGF (Transforming Growth Factor)-β1 Induced Atrial Myopathy With Endurance Exercise.

Background: There is increasing evidence that endurance exercise is associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it is unknown if the relationship between endurance exercise and AF is dependent on an atrial myopathy.

Methods: Six cardiac-specific TGF (transforming growth factor)-β1 transgenic and 6 wild-type (WT) goats were utilized for these studies.