Complete genome sequences of 6/69 strain isolated from a bubonic plague patient in Madagascar and its isogenic strain cured of pPCP1.

We report the complete genome sequences of two valuable strains to investigate plague pathogenesis: (i) strain 6/69, which was isolated from a bubonic plague patient in Madagascar and contains pCD1, pMT1, and pPCP1 virulence plasmids, and (ii) the 6/69 strain cured of pPCP1.

Infected wound repair correlates with collagen I induction and NOX2 activation by cold atmospheric plasma.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising complement to tissue repair and regenerative medicine approaches. CAP has therapeutic potential in infected cutaneous wounds by mechanisms which remain enigmatic. Here, CAP is shown to activate phagocyte NADPH oxidase complex NOX2.

Determinants of bacterial survival and proliferation in blood.

Bloodstream infection is a major public health concern associated with high mortality and high healthcare costs worldwide. Bacteremia can trigger fatal sepsis whose prevention, diagnosis, and management have been recognized as a global health priority by the World Health Organization. Additionally, infection control is increasingly threatened by antimicrobial resistance, which is the focus of global action plans in the framework of a One Health response.

Staphylococcus aureus NAD kinase is required for envelop and antibiotic stress responses.

Global burden of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance are major public health issues calling for innovative control measures. Bacterial NAD kinase (NADK) is a crucial enzyme for production of NADP(H) and growth. In Staphylococcus aureus, NADK promotes pathogenesis by supporting production of key virulence determinants.

Complete genome sequence of strain SP-1303 from lineage 8, associated with Far East scarlet-like fever.

We report the complete genome sequence of strain SP-1303, identified as part of lineage 8 and associated with Far East scarlet-like fever. The genome includes the chromosome, the -virulence plasmid (pYV) encoding a type III secretion system essential for virulence, the pVM82 plasmid, and two cryptic plasmids.

Yersiniomics, a Multi-Omics Interactive Database for Species.

The genus includes a large variety of nonpathogenic and life-threatening pathogenic bacteria, which cause a broad spectrum of diseases in humans and animals, such as plague, enteritis, Far East scarlet-like fever (FESLF), and enteric redmouth disease. Like most clinically relevant microorganisms, spp. are currently subjected to intense multi-omics investigations whose numbers have increased extensively in recent years, generating massive amounts of data useful for diagnostic and therapeutic developments.

Complete Genome Sequences of Bioluminescent Staphylococcus aureus Strains Xen31 and Xen36, Derived from Two Clinical Isolates.

Here, we report complete genome sequences of two clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, namely, Xen31 and Xen36, which have been genetically modified to express an optimized Photorhabdus luminescens luciferase operon. Xen31 and Xen36 are bioluminescent strains used widely for investigation of bacterial pathogenesis, drug discovery, and development of novel therapies.

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of original cyclic diadenosine derivatives as nanomolar inhibitors of NAD kinase from pathogenic bacteria.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinases (NAD kinases) are essential and ubiquitous enzymes involved in the production of NADP(H) which is an essential cofactor in many metabolic pathways. Targeting NAD kinase (NADK), a rate limiting enzyme of NADP biosynthesis pathway, represents a new promising approach to treat bacterial infections. Previously, we have produced the first NADK inhibitor active against staphylococcal infection.

The gene is associated with an expanding ST131 30Rx/C2 subclade and confers a competitive advantage for gut colonization.

Epidemiological projections point to acquisition of ever-expanding multidrug resistance (MDR) by , a commensal of the digestive tract and a source of urinary tract pathogens. Bioinformatics analyses of a large collection of genomes from EnteroBase, enriched in clinical isolates of worldwide origins, suggest the Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 (CNF1)-toxin encoding gene, , is preferentially distributed in four common sequence types (ST) encompassing the pandemic MDR lineage ST131. This lineage is responsible for a majority of extraintestinal infections that escape first-line antibiotic treatment, with known enhanced capacities to colonize the gastrointestinal tract.

NAD kinase promotes pathogenesis by supporting production of virulence factors and protective enzymes.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is the primary electron donor for reductive reactions that are essential for the biosynthesis of major cell components in all organisms. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK) is the only enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of NADP(H) from NAD(H). While the enzymatic properties and physiological functions of NADK have been thoroughly studied, the role of NADK in bacterial pathogenesis remains unknown.

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Promotes Killing of Staphylococcus aureus by Macrophages.

Macrophages are important immune cells that are involved in the elimination of microbial pathogens. Following host invasion, macrophages are recruited to the site of infection, where they launch antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Effective microbial clearance by macrophages depends on phagocytosis and phagolysosomal killing mediated by oxidative burst, acidification, and degradative enzymes.

New Chemical Probe Targeting Bacterial NAD Kinase.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinases are essential and ubiquitous enzymes involved in the tight regulation of NAD/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) levels in many metabolic pathways. Consequently, they represent promising therapeutic targets in cancer and antibacterial treatments. We previously reported diadenosine derivatives as NAD kinase inhibitors with bactericidal activities on .

Emerging Evasion Mechanisms of Macrophage Defenses by Pathogenic Bacteria.

Macrophages participate to the first line of defense against infectious agents. Microbial pathogens evolved sophisticated mechanisms to escape macrophage killing. Here, we review recent discoveries and emerging concepts on bacterial molecular strategies to subvert macrophage immune responses.

Three decades of listeriology through the prism of technological advances.

Decades of breakthroughs resulting from cross feeding of microbiological research and technological innovation have promoted Listeria monocytogenes to the rank of model microorganism to study host-pathogen interactions. The extraordinary capacity of this bacterium to interfere with a vast array of host cellular processes uncovered new concepts in microbiology, cell biology and infection biology. Here, we review technological advances that revealed how bacteria and host interact in space and time at the molecular, cellular, tissue and whole body scales, ultimately revolutionising our understanding of Listeria pathogenesis.

From Substrate to Fragments to Inhibitor Active against .

Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide threat due to the decreasing supply of new antimicrobials. Novel targets and innovative strategies are urgently needed to generate pathbreaking drug compounds. NAD kinase (NADK) is essential for growth in most bacteria, as it supports critical metabolic pathways.

Ubiquitination of Virulence Factor InlC Contributes to the Host Response to Infection.

is a pathogenic bacterium causing potentially fatal foodborne infections in humans and animals. While the mechanisms used by to manipulate its host have been thoroughly characterized, how the host controls bacterial virulence factors remains to be extensively deciphered. Here, we found that the secreted virulence protein InlC is monoubiquitinated by the host cell machinery on K224, restricting infection.

The in vivo ISGylome links ISG15 to metabolic pathways and autophagy upon Listeria monocytogenes infection.

ISG15 is an interferon-stimulated, ubiquitin-like protein, with anti-viral and anti-bacterial activity. Here, we map the endogenous in vivo ISGylome in the liver following Listeria monocytogenes infection by combining murine models of reduced or enhanced ISGylation with quantitative proteomics. Our method identifies 930 ISG15 sites in 434 proteins and also detects changes in the host ubiquitylome.

A Listeria monocytogenes Bacteriocin Can Target the Commensal Prevotella copri and Modulate Intestinal Infection.

Understanding the role of the microbiota components in either preventing or favoring enteric infections is critical. Here, we report the discovery of a Listeria bacteriocin, Lmo2776, which limits Listeria intestinal colonization. Oral infection of conventional mice with a Δlmo2776 mutant leads to a thinner intestinal mucus layer and higher Listeria loads both in the intestinal content and deeper tissues compared to WT Listeria.

Yersinia pestis and plague: an updated view on evolution, virulence determinants, immune subversion, vaccination and diagnostics.

Plague is a vector-borne disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Transmitted by fleas from rodent reservoirs, Y. pestis emerged less than 6000 years ago from an enteric bacterial ancestor through events of gene gain and genome reduction.

Real-Time Monitoring of Yersinia pestis Promoter Activity by Bioluminescence Imaging.

Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) has become a major strategy for real-time analysis of dynamic biological processes. In particular, bioluminescent reporter microorganisms have been designed to advance our understanding of infectious diseases. Non-invasive monitoring of light-emitting pathogenic bacteria has revealed novel features of pathogenesis and enabled quantitative and qualitative analysis of antibacterial therapies.

Yersinia pestis and plague: an updated view on evolution, virulence determinants, immune subversion, vaccination, and diagnostics.

Plague is a vector-borne disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Transmitted by fleas from rodent reservoirs, Y. pestis emerged <6000 years ago from an enteric bacterial ancestor through events of gene gain and genome reduction.

Reassessing the role of internalin B in Listeria monocytogenes virulence using the epidemic strain F2365.

Objectives: To investigate the contribution to virulence of the surface protein internalin B (InlB) in the Listeria monocytogenes lineage I strain F2365, which caused a deadly listeriosis outbreak in California in 1985.

Methods: The F2365 strain displays a point mutation that hampers expression of InlB. We rescued the expression of InlB in the L.