Seasonal Dynamics and Damage of in Italian Vineyards.

The brown marmorated stink bug, (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive polyphagous pest often observed in vineyards. In Europe, a gap needs to be filled in the knowledge on seasonal dynamics and damage on grapes. With this study, we described the seasonal dynamics of and its distribution in multi-cultivar vineyards, and we evaluated the damage on grape clusters induced by different pest densities.

Wettable sulphur application for Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) management: laboratory and semi-field experiments.

Background: The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a significant threat to crop production. Alternatives to synthetic pesticides are needed for its management. Here we investigated the effect of sulphur on H.

Effect of Leaf Removal and Insecticide Applications on Population Densities of Leafhoppers and Mites Associated with Grapevines.

In this study, we tested the effects of mechanical leaf removal, insecticide application, and their interaction on leafhoppers and phytophagous and predatory mites occurring in two vineyards over three growing seasons. Leaf removal was performed in the fruit zone using a two-head pulsed air leaf remover, while insecticides were applied with a tunnel air-assisted sprayer at the maximum dose/ha recommended on the product label. Results demonstrated the efficacy of insecticide application in reducing the population densities of leafhoppers but also their detrimental effects on predatory mites.

Efficacy of Conventional and Organic Insecticides against : Field and Semi-Field Trials.

is the main vector of phytoplasmas associated with Flavescence dorée (FD), one of the most serious threats to viticulture in many European countries. To minimize the spread of this disease, mandatory control measures against were decided in Europe. In the 1990s, the repeated application of insecticides (mainly organophosphates) proved to be an effective measure to control the vector and the related disease in north-eastern Italy.

Novel sustainable strategies to control Plasmopara viticola in grapevine unveil new insights on priming responses and arthropods ecology.

Background: Reduction of fungicide consumption in agriculture is globally recognized as a priority. Government authorities are fostering research to achieve a reduction of risks associated with conventional pesticides and promoting the development of sustainable alternatives. To address these issues, in the present study, alternative protocols for the control of downy mildew infection in grapevine were compared to the standard protocol.

Airborne pollen can affect the abundance of predatory mites in vineyards: implications for conservation biological control strategies.

Background: The importance of pollen as alternative food for generalist phytoseiid mites occurring in vineyards has been investigated in northeastern Italy. We compared pollen and phytoseiid abundance in four vineyards and in plots located at different distance from flowering hop plants. Pollen (Carpinus betulus and Typha spp.

(Blandford, 1894) on Grapevines in Italy with a Compilation of World Scolytine Weevils Developing on Vitaceae.

The invasive ambrosia beetle (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini) is recorded for the first time infesting wine grapes in Italy. The type of the attack is illustrated and the possible causes of the onset of the infestation are discussed. Furthermore, given the continuously increasing number of alien wood-borer beetles introduced worldwide, we provide and discuss the updated world checklist of Scolytinae attacking Vitaceae, and sp.

Influence of Vineyard Inter-Row Groundcover Vegetation Management on Arthropod Assemblages in the Vineyards of North-Eastern Italy.

In this study, the effects of habitat management practices on both pests and beneficial arthropods were evaluated in vineyards of North-eastern Italy through different field experiments: (1) mowing of inter-row spontaneous grasses in conventional and organic vineyards, (2) different timing of mowing of a green manure mixture, and (3) comparing different green manure mixtures. The first experiment followed a split-plot design, while randomized block design was used in the second and third experiment. In each experiment arthropods were sampled using different methods: leaf sampling, beating and sweep net sampling.

Evaluating the Impact of Two Generalist Predators on the Leafhopper Population Density.

Outbreaks of the Nearctic leafhopper represent a threat to vinegrowers in Southern Europe, in particular in North-eastern Italy. The pest outbreaks are frequent in organic vineyards because insecticides labeled for organic viticulture show limited effectiveness towards leafhoppers. On the other hand, the naturally occurring predators and parasitoids of in vineyards are often not able to keep leafhopper densities at acceptable levels for vine-growers.

Association of obstructive sleep apnea with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obesity: an observational study.

Purpose: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with the presence and severity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of OSA and NAFLD and to recognize a polysomnographic parameter correlated with progression of fibrosis, determined by a non-invasive score of liver fibrosis, FIBrosis-4 index (FIB-4), in patients affected by severe obesity and OSA.

Methods: We enrolled 334 patients (Body Mass Index, BMI 44.

Insights in genetic diversity of German and Italian grape berry moth (Eupoecilia ambiguella) populations using novel microsatellite markers.

The grape berry moth Eupoecilia ambiguella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is causing significant damage to grape berries, however, little is known on population genetics of this lepidopteran pest insect, hindered so far by the lack of suitable molecular markers. Here we report on the development of ten microsatellite markers of which six were used to characterise 21 E. ambiguella populations obtained from two viticultural regions in Germany and Italy.

The Control of the American Leafhopper (Fitch) in European Vineyards: Impact of Synthetic and Natural Insecticides.

The American leafhopper , detected in Europe in the early 2000s, has recently become a pest in North-Italian vineyards. Infestations were recorded in organic and conventional vineyards despite the application of insecticides targeting other pests. completes three generations per year, and the second generation is frequently associated with large populations.

Correction: Duso C.; et al. Colonization Patterns, Phenology and Seasonal Abundance of the Nearctic Leafhopper (Fitch), a New Pest in European Vineyards. 2020, , 731.

It has recently come to our attention that there were some mistakes in legends and figures reported in our study [...

Colonization Patterns, Phenology and Seasonal Abundance of the Nearctic Leafhopper (Fitch), a New Pest in European Vineyards.

The Nearctic leafhopper (Fitch), detected in Europe for the first time (north-eastern Italy) in 2004, has remained a minor pest of grapevine for more than 10 years. The first outbreaks of were reported in 2016 in commercial vineyards located in north-eastern Italy. High population densities and severe leaf symptoms (i.

Lethal and sub-lethal effects of low-temperature exposures on Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) adults before and after overwintering.

Cold winter temperatures can influence insects' survival in temperate zones. Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) overwinters as adults in natural and human-made structures. In this study, we characterized low temperature mortality rates of H.

An Insight into the Role of as Biological Control Agent of in Northeastern Italy.

Sustainable strategies such as classical or augmentative biological control are currently being evaluated for the long-term management of the alien invasive pest (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). A three-year study carried out in northeastern Italy was performed to investigate the distribution and field performance of the egg parasitoid (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), in comparison with other parasitoid species. In the study area, adventive populations of were present since 2016, representing the earliest detection of this species in Europe.

Improving the compatibility of pesticides and predatory mites: recent findings on physiological and ecological selectivity.

Integrated pest management relies upon the application of selective pesticides that do not hinder biological control. Phytoseiid mites represent an interesting case-study: they are amongst the most frequently used biological control agents and often are less affected by pesticides than their prey by natural tolerance or by developing resistance. The selectivity of a pesticide is determined by physiological processes that include metabolism, transport, and the affinity to the target-site.

Lethal Effects of High Temperatures on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Adults before and after Overwintering.

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, , is causing economic and ecological damage in invaded areas. Its overwintering behavior warrants mitigation practices in warehouses and shipping operations. The aim of this study was to characterize the mortality response curves of adults to short high-temperature exposure.

Side Effects of Kaolin and Bunch-Zone Leaf Removal on Predatory Mite Populations (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Occurring in Vineyards.

The effects of kaolin and bunch-zone leaf removal on populations of predatory mites Kampimodromus aberrans (Oudemans) and Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten were assessed in the context of four trials (2015-2016) carried out against Lobesia botrana (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in vineyards located in north-eastern Italy. Laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of kaolin on the survival and fecundity of K. aberrans and T.

Investigations on the Grape Leafhopper in North-Eastern Italy.

The leafhopper (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is native of Northern and Central America where it occurs on wild and cultivated grapes as well as on a number of secondary hosts. This species was recorded for the first time in Europe (Italy, Veneto region) in 2004. Since then it has spread over Northern Italy and Slovenia.

An Intimate Relationship Between Eriophyoid Mites and Their Host Plants - A Review.

Eriophyoid mites (Acari Eriophyoidea) are phytophagous arthropods forming intimate relationships with their host plants. These mites are associated with annual and perennial plants including ferns, and are highly specialized with a dominant monophagy. They can be classified in different ecological classes, i.

Control of Scaphoideus titanus with Natural Products in Organic Vineyards.

The leafhopper is the vector of ' Phytoplasma vitis', the causal agent of Flavescence dorée (FD) a key disease for European viticulture. In organic vineyards, the control of relies mostly on the use of pyrethrins that have suboptimal efficacy. During 2016, three field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of kaolin, orange oil, insecticidal soap and spinosad against nymphs, in comparison with pyrethrins.

Transmission of grapevine Pinot gris virus by Colomerus vitis (Acari: Eriophyidae) to grapevine.

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a new virus reported in Europe and several other grape-growing countries. In an attempt to identify a vector for GPGV, samples of the eriophyid mite Colomerus vitis collected from buds and erinea in GPGV-infected vines were analysed by RT-PCR, using specific primers. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of GPGV in C.

Relative Infestation Level and Sensitivity of Grapevine Cultivars to the Leafhopper Empoasca vitis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae).

The leafhopper Empoasca vitis (Göthe) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) feeds on veins of grapevine leaves, mainly on the phloem, causing physiological injury, color change and drying of leaf margins, yield and sugar content reduction. The relative infestation level (i.e.