Exact Solution for Viscoelastic Flow in Pipe and Experimental Validation.

The development of analytical methods for viscoelastic fluid flows is challenging. Currently, this problem has been solved for particular cases of multimode differential rheological equations of media state (Giesekus, the exponential form of Phan-Tien-Tanner, eXtended Pom-Pom). We propose a parametric method that yields solutions without additional assumptions.

[Late changes in a recipient's tissues after implantation of synthetic hydroxyapatite of varying density: an experimental morphological study].

The synthetic hydroxyapatite made in Russia was applied as an insert-implant to 4 rabbits (6 eyes, 6 eviscerations). These included 2 implants having a porosity of 40% and a pore size of 0.03-1.

[Surgical treatment of certain forms of secondary glaucoma].

The technique of penetrating deep sclerectomy with suprachoroidal explanto-drainage as well as the results of postoperative follow-up, exceeding 2 years, and of the early-described sinustrabeculectomy with regulated filtration are presented in the article. Operations were made on 59 eyes (58 patients aged 13 to 70) with the below forms of secondary glaucomas: new-vascular, postuveal, dystrophic (at retinal detachment), posttraumatic (contusion-type), phakotopic, postoperative (aphakic), and hemolytic. The below goals were set while elaborating the methods: the possibility to regulate postoperatively the intraocular pressure, elimination of the pain syndrome, the organ-preserving effect, stabilization of the clinical cause and shaping-up of reliable drainage paths.

[Ways of increasing effectiveness of eye prostheses].

The study of reasons of unsatisfactory eye prosthesis has shown that after insertion of cosmetic eye prosthesis into the conjunctival cavity in the majority of patients an inflammatory process develops which often goes on for several years. Discomfort and inflammation are mainly caused by a shift in acid-alkali balance in the conjunctival cavity, protein, fat and calcium deposits on the surface of prosthesis. The available agents of caring conjunctival cavity and prosthesis do not permit to fully clean prosthesis and to restore acid-alkali balance in cavity being equipped with prosthetic appliance.

[Treatment of lacrimal duct diseases using low energy helium-neon laser].

Treatment of diseases of the lacrimal duct remains a pressing problem in ophthalmology. These diseases are responsible for 71-85.4% diseases in capable people.

[Long-term results of surgical prevention and correction of progressive myopia].

In this summing-up paper the authors discuss the results of surgical prevention and correction of progressive myopia carried out at Department of Ophthalmic Diseases of Russian University of Peoples' Friendship during two recent decades. Remote results of bandaging scleroplastic and reduced chondroplastic operations recommend scleroplastic interventions for prevention of myopia progress. Combined scleroplasty and cataract extraction stabilized the elongation of the antero-posterior axis of the eye and essentially improved visual acuity of 18-20 diopters.

[Vision disorders as manifestations of transient ischemic attacks in the vertebrobasilar basin].

Vision disorders caused by ischemia of the cerebral occipital cortex in the presence of transitory ischemic attacks in the vertebral basilar basin are described. Relationship between complaints of vision disorders and severity and frequency of transitory ischemic attacks is analyzed. Exogenous factors provoking dysfunctions of visual and vestibular analyzers are discussed.

[Remote results of high myopia surgical correction by tunnel keratoplasty ].

Remote results evidence high refraction efficiency of tunnel keratoplasty, stable results being observed for up to 15 years. A total of 104 operations (58 patients) were analyzed for a period of observation of more than 10 years. The patients' ages varied from 17 to 52 years, there were 34 women and 24 men.

[Effect of superphonoelectrophoresis on chorioretinal dystrophy].

The effect of a pharmacophysical method superphonophoresis on the course of chorioretinal dystrophy has been studied in 320 patients (640 eyes) with chorioretinal dystrophies treated by an ultrasonic UZT-104 device and a Nion galvanic device. The "superexposure" was phonophoresis of a bipolar drug 10% dimethylsulfoxide, creating the optimal conditions for penetration of the main agent through tissue barrier. The results (improvement of visual acuity, hemodynamics, trophics, shown by a higher linear rate of the blood flow in the orbital artery and middle cerebral arteries) persisted for up to 12 months, moreover, the rate of cellular and tissue metabolism increased (the time of adaptation to darkness decreased and color sensitivity increased).

[Sinusotrabeculectomy with regulated filtration in the treatment of secondary glaucoma].

A new method for surgical treatment of secondary glaucoma (neovascular, postuveal, traumatic, and aphakic) is described. The aims of the new method are as follows: regulation of ophthalmic tone in the postoperative period, pain relief, organ preservation, stabilization of the process, and creation of reliable routes of intraocular fluid discharge with formation of a stable diffuse functional pad. Seven patients (8 eyes) aged 13-70 years were operated on and followed up for up to 6 months.

[The optimization of a surgical intervention to stabilize progressive myopia].

Results of 236 sclera-fortifying surgeries are followed up for more than 25 years. Progressive myopia stabilized in 95.8% cases after bandaging scleroplasty and in 87.

[Cosmetic interlamellar keratoplasty].

Interlamellar transplantation of the cornea was performed with cosmetic purpose in 9 patients with blind eyes (coarse vascularized leukoma in 5 and cataracts with newly formed iridal and anterior chamber vessels in 4) and in 2 with peripheral leukomas. The technique of interlamellar keratoplasty consisted in transplantation of a stained disk of donor cornea in the recipient's corneal membrane layers or stratification of the peripheral leukoma followed by carbon black staining. The operation is simple, little traumatic, and brings about a good cosmetic effect in the cases when other methods are impossible to use; the risk of intra- and postoperative complications is minimal.

[A case of relapsing iridocyclitis in tropical malaria].

An African student developed bilateral relapsing iridocyclitis with increased intraocular pressure. General examinations and parasitological studies revealed tropical malaria. Etiotropic and local therapy normalized intraocular pressure and improved vision acuity of both eyes.

[Modern aspects of surgical treatment of myopia].

Problems in complex surgical treatment of myopia are discussed. Extensive clinical data and long follow-up of the patients permitted the authors to develop a well-based system of care which helps not only arrest the progress of myopia, but correct it within a rather wide range. The pathogenesis of tissue process in progressive myopia is discussed basing on the regularities revealed experimentally.

[A case of toxocariasis of the eye].

A case with toxocariasis of the eye is described. The diagnosis was confirmed serologically. Vision acuity improved to 100% as a result of treatment.

[Interlamellar sectoral keratoplasty in the surgical correction of astigmatism].

A new original method of interlamellar sectorial keratoplasty is proposed for surgical correction of astigmatism. Eleven operations were carried out in 8 patients (11 eyes) with astigmatism of 4 to 7.0 diopters.

[Interlamellar circular keratoplasty for correction of high myopia].

A new method is proposed for the correction of high myopia: Interlamellar circular keratoplasty. This method has been used in 15 patients (17 eyes) aged 18 to 54 with 9 to 17 diopters myopia. Vision acuity attained was at least 0.

[Interlamellar refraction keratoplasty with central keratectomy of superficial corneal laminae in the correction of aphakia].

Interlamellar refraction keratoplasty with central keratectomy of superficial laminae of the cornea was used to correct aphakia in 15 patients and the results followed up for 2.5-7 years. This method permits a simultaneous refraction and optic transplantation of the cornea.

[The surgical treatment of keratoconus by intralamellar keratoplasty].

The paper describes results after clinical approbation of intralamellar keratoplasty used for treatment of 9 patients with chronic keratoconus, the follow-up period ranging from 1 to 3.5 years. The technique of the operation consists in transplantation of an implant in a form of a disc into the layers of a thinned cornea and allows to stabilize the development of chronic keratoconus, to somewhat flatten the cornea and to rise visual acuity.

[Prognostication of results in correction of aphakia by lamellar refractive keratoplasty].

The authors analyze the possibility of predicting the results of aphakia correction by interlamellar refraction keratoplasty from one of the eye parameters measured before surgery, the anterior corneal surface radius. The prognosis efficacy has improved by 10% vs. the prediction from the mean value; this is insufficient for practical application of the method.