Currently, recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is carried out using mechanical, pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods and their combination. The aim of this article is to study a part of the pyro-hydrometallurgical processing of spent lithium-ion batteries which includes lithium slag hydrometallurgical treatment and refining of the obtained leachate. Leaching was realized via dry digestion, which is an effective method capable of transferring over 99% of the present metals, such as Li, Al, Co, Cu, and others, to the leachate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe paper describes cementation as a suitable method applied in the refining of EAFD leachates in order to obtain required purity of ZnO for specific industrial application. For study of cementation conditions, the leachate from alkaline leaching with (NH)CO was used. The leachates contained a high amount of zinc (8000-12,000 µg/mL) and a low content of impurities such as iron, lead, copper, chromium and manganese in the range of 1-21 µg/mL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper provides an overview of the current state of the field in spent portable lithium battery recycling at both the research and industrial scales. The possibilities of spent portable lithium battery processing involving pre-treatment (manual dismantling, discharging, thermal and mechanical-physical pre-treatment), pyrometallurgical processes (smelting, roasting), hydrometallurgical processes (leaching followed by recovery of metals from the leachates) and a combination of the above are described. The main metal-bearing component of interest is the active mass or cathode active material that is released and concentrated by mechanical-physical pre-treatment procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring the steel production in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF), approximately 7-15 kg of dust per tonne of produced steel is generated. This dust contains approximately 1.4-3.
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