Trilaciclib Prior to Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Final Efficacy and Subgroup Analysis from a Randomized Phase II Study.

Purpose: We report final antitumor efficacy results from a phase II study of trilaciclib, an intravenous cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, administered prior to gemcitabine plus carboplatin (GCb) in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (NCT02978716).

Patients And Methods: Patients were randomized (1:1:1) to group 1 [GCb (days 1, 8); n = 34], group 2 [trilaciclib prior to GCb (days 1, 8); n = 33], or group 3 [trilaciclib (days 1, 8) and trilaciclib prior to GCb (days 2, 9); n = 35]. Subgroup analyses were performed according to CDK4/6 dependence, level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and RNA-based immune signatures using proportional hazards regression.

A Systematic Review of Network Meta-Analyses and Real-World Evidence Comparing Apixaban and Rivaroxaban in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

There is no direct evidence comparing the 2 most commonly prescribed direct oral anticoagulants, apixaban and rivaroxaban, used for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). A number of network meta-analyses (NMAs) of randomized control trials and real-world evidence (RWE) studies comparing the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of apixaban and rivaroxaban have been published; however, a comprehensive evidence review across the available body of evidence is lacking. In this study, we aimed to systematically review and evaluate the clinical outcomes of apixaban and rivaroxaban using a combination of data gleaned from both NMAs and RWE studies.

Systematic Literature Review of the Burden of Disease and Treatment for Transfusion-dependent β-Thalassemia.

Purpose: β-Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced or no production of adult hemoglobin. Systematic identification of the burden of β-thalassemia with contemporary treatments is lacking in published literature. Thus, a gap exists in understanding the baseline burden on which to assess future treatments.

Trilaciclib plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Trilaciclib is an intravenous cell-cycle inhibitor that transiently maintains immune cells and haemopoietic stem and progenitor cells in G1 arrest. By protecting the immune cells and bone marrow from chemotherapy-induced damage, trilaciclib has the potential to optimise antitumour activity while minimising myelotoxicity. We report safety and activity data for trilaciclib plus gemcitabine and carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Anticoagulant selection for patients with VTE-Evidence from a systematic literature review of network meta-analyses.

The aim of this study was to systematically review published network meta-analyses (NMAs) that compare venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatments. A systematic literature search (in MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews through September 2017) was conducted to identify NMAs that compared the safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for the treatment of VTE in the acute and extended treatment settings. The NMAs included randomized controlled trials comparing multiple DOACs, low-molecular weight heparin, unfractionated heparin, and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).

Comparison of Recommendations and Use of Cardiovascular Risk Equations by Health Technology Assessment Agencies and Clinical Guidelines.

Objectives: To identify risk equations for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in primary and secondary prevention settings that are used or recommended by health technology assessment (HTA) organizations and in clinical guidelines (CGs).

Methods: A targeted literature review was conducted using a two-stage search strategy. First, HTA reviews of manufacturers' drug submissions, reports from established HTA organizations (Europe, Canada, and Australia), and CGs from countries with and without HTA organizations, including the United States, were identified.

Low cigarette consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: meta-analysis of 141 cohort studies in 55 study reports.

Objective: To use the relation between cigarette consumption and cardiovascular disease to quantify the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke for light smoking (one to five cigarettes/day).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline 1946 to May 2015, with manual searches of references.

Organised cervical cancer screening programme in the Belgrade municipality of Cukarica - Evaluation of process indicators.

Purpose: To evaluate the process indicators for monitoring the Organized Cervical Cancer Screening Programme (OCCSP) conducted in the Belgrade municipality of Cukarica within the first three-year interval, and to compare Pap test coverage for women aged 25 to 64 before and after implementing the organised programme.

Methods: We analyzed the coverage by invitation, compliance with invitation and coverage by Pap test for the first three-year interval of the OCCSP (20th Dec 2012 - 19th Dec 2015) as well as the results of opportunistic screening for the same period and coverage by Pap test for women aged 25 to 64 for the last three years prior to the implementation of the OCCSP.

Results: After the first three years of the OCCSP implementation, coverage by invitation was 42.

Leptin and adiponectin levels in discordant dichorionic twins at 72 hours of age-associations with anthropometric parameters and insulin resistance.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) in adults has been associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Leptin and adiponectin correlations with anthropometric parameters and IR at 72 h in discordant twins were tested.

Methods: We included 24 discordant (birth weight discordance ≥20% in relation to the heavier cotwin) and 30 concordant (birth weight discordance ≤10%) twins.

Lipids and Adipokines in Cord Blood and at 72 h in Discordant Dichorionic Twins.

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for developing metabolic syndrome later in life. We explored whether adipokine concentrations in cord blood (CB) and on day 3 (D3) were related to impaired fetal growth and lipids in IUGR twins.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-six discordant (birth weight [BW] discordance ≥20% calculated in relation to the heavier co-twins) and 42 concordant (BW discordance ≤ 10%) twin pairs were included.

Stressful life events and breast cancer risk: a hospital-based case-control study.

Purpose: Elucidation of the factors contributing to the incidence of breast cancer is of crucial importance for the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies targeting the disease. Research on stress and breast cancer has been documented by various studies published over the years. In view of breast cancer importance as the most commonly occurring malignancy in females in Serbia, this study was undertaken to examine the association between stressful life events and breast cancer risk.

Clinical benefit of cetuximab and prognostic value of cetuximab-related skin toxicity in metastatic colorectal cancer: a single institution analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical benefits of cetuximab (CTX) and the prognostic value of CTX-related skin toxicity in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.

Methods: Sixty patients were tested for KRAS mutation at the Department of Oncology, Clinical Centre Nis. We assessed 34 wild-type KRAS mCRC patients treated with CTX.

Short-term exposure to UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C irradiation induces alteration in cytoskeleton and autophagy in human keratinocytes.

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) induces a series of morphological and ultrastructural alterations in human epidermis. Alterations observed in irradiated keratinocytes in morphological studies done before were cell retraction with loss of intercellular interactions, surface blebbing, and eventually cell death by apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C irradiation on the cytoskeleton of human keratinocytes.

[Influence of the double antiplatelet therapy on patency of the occluded artery after acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation].

Background/aim: Most patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation (STEMI) are still treated with pharmacological reperfusion, which is not always successful. That is the reason for searching possibilities for a better success of reperfusion with adding new antiplatelet drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate weather addition of clopidogrel as a second antiplatelet drug, improves the patency of the infarct-related artery after STEMI.