Circulating tumor cells as prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer.

In this editorial we comment on the article by Zhang published in the recent issue of the . Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality and has the lowest survival rate among all solid cancers. It causes 227000 deaths annually worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is very low due to early metastasis, which is 4.

Prognostic factors of breast cancer brain metastasis.

In this editorial we comment on the article by Chen published in the recent issue of the . Brain metastasis is one of the most serious complications of breast cancer and causes high morbidity and mortality. Brain metastases may involve the brain parenchyma and/or leptomeninges.

Radiotherapy for benign diseases in Turkey: a patterns of care survey of the Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology (TROD 05-002).

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the patterns of radiotherapy (RT) care in cases of benign diseases in Turkey.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was sent to all radiation oncology (RO) departments in Turkey. The number of patients treated for benign disease between 2015 and 2020 was requested.

Evaluation of acute hematological toxicity by machine learning in gynecologic cancers using postoperative radiotherapy.

Background: The aim of the study is to investigate the factors affecting acute hematologic toxicity (HT) in the adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) of gynecologic cancers by machine learning.

Methods: Between January 2015 and September 2018, 121 patients with endometrium and cervical cancer who underwent adjuvant RT with volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) were evaluated. The relationship between patient and treatment characteristics and acute HT was investigated using machine learning techniques, namely Logistic Regression, XGBoost, Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GaussianNB) algorithms.

Prediction of Radiation Pneumonitis With Machine Learning in Stage III Lung Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Background: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a dose-limiting toxicity in lung cancer radiotherapy (RT). As risk factors in the development of RP, patient and tumor characteristics, dosimetric parameters, and treatment features are intertwined, and it is not always possible to associate RP with a single parameter. This study aimed to determine the algorithm that most accurately predicted RP development with machine learning.

Dosimetric comparison of single-arc/partial-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for peripheral and central lung cancer.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the differences between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and single-arc/partial-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (SA/PA-VMAT) techniques in locally advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: Locally advanced 22 patients with NSCLC were evaluated retrospectively. Each patient underwent radiation therapy with either IMRT or SA-VMAT or 2PA-VMAT technique.

Comparison Between the Maximum Standard Uptake Value and the Ratio of Lymph Node to Primary Tumor Attenuation in Head and Neck Cancers: A Prospective Study.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the ratio of lymph node attenuation to primary lesion attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT and the PET/CT standard uptake value (SUVmax) in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).

Methods: Volunteers with advanced-stage, histopathologically proven HNSCC, indicated to have radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, were evaluated for CT and PET/CT for radiotherapy planning. The attenuation and SUVmax of the primary lesion and the largest, possibly metastatic lymph node, and the round index and volume of the lymph node were calculated.

Prediction of Survival and Recurrence Patterns by Machine Learning in Gastric Cancer Cases Undergoing Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy.

Purpose: Radical surgery is the most important treatment modality in gastric cancer. Preoperative or postoperative radiation therapy (RT) and perioperative chemotherapy are the treatment options that should be added to surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and recurrence patterns by machine learning in gastric cancer cases undergoing RT.

Risk factors of radiation pneumonitis in patients with NSCLC treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy--Are we underestimating diabetes?--Turkish oncology group (TOG)/Lung cancer study group.

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical and dosimetric parameters that increase the risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy of nationwide multicentric data analysis.

Methods: All data of 268 patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively collected from eight institutes participating in this study. Patient, tumor and treatment-related factors and dosimetric parameters were analyzed for grade ≥2 RP.

Evaluation of Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Cancer Using Machine Learning.

Background And Aim: Although the prognosis of nasopharyngeal cancer largely depends on a classification based on the tumor-lymph node metastasis staging system, patients at the same stage may have different clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the survival prognosis of nasopharyngeal cancer using machine learning.

Settings And Design: Original, retrospective.

CD105 (endoglin) expression as a prognostic marker of angiogenesis in squamous cell cervical cancer treated with radical radiotherapy.

Introduction: Increased levels of endoglin may represent a new reagent of active neovascularization and angiogenesis process in various cancer types. The prognostic value of tumor CD105 (endoglin) expression in cervical squamous cell cancer (CSCC) patients treated with radical radiotherapy (RT) ± chemotherapy was investigated.

Materials And Methods: CD105 (endoglin) expression was assessed by immunohistochemical methods in seventy patients, who were treated with radical RT ± chemotherapy for CSCC.

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: A 10-year experience at a single institution from Turkey.

Purpose: The development of improved diagnostic techniques, increased survival, and life expectancy of cancer patients have all contributed to the higher frequency of multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMN). MPMN can be divided into two main categories: Synchronous MPMN (sMPMN) and metachronous MPMN (mMPMN).

Materials And Methods: 122 patients with MPMN analyzed retrospectively who were admitted to the Radiation Oncology Department of Eskisehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty from January 2004 to December 2013.

Early transient radiation-induced brachial plexopathy in locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Aim Of The Study: Early transient brachial plexopathy following radiotherapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer may be underreported and associated with a dose-response. Our purpose was to determine the incidence of early transient radiation-ınduced brachial plexopathy (RIBP) in patients receiving primary RT (± chemotherapy) for locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC).

Material And Methods: Twenty-seven locally advanced HNC patients who have no finding of brachial plexopathy at the diagnosis were evaluated 3 times by a specifically developed 13-item questionnaire for determining early transient RIBP.

Timing of thoracic radiotherapy in limited stage small cell lung cancer: results of early versus late irradiation from a single institution in Turkey.

Background: It is standard treatment to combine chemotherapy (CT) and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in treating patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). However, optimal timing of TRT is unclear. We here evaluated the survival impact of early versus late TRT in patients with LS-SCLC.

Prognostic value of osteopontin in patients treated with primary radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.

Background: The prognostic value of tumor osteopontin (OPN) in patients with squamous-cell head and neck cancer (SCHNC) was investigated.

Materials And Methods: OPN expression was assessed by immunohistochemical methods in 50 patients, who were treated with primary radiotherapy (RT) for locally advanced SCHNC. The effects of OPN on clinical parameters, local-regional control after RT and metastasis-free survival, was assessed.

Dosimetric and clinical predictors of acute esophagitis in lung cancer patients in Turkey treated with radiotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and dosimetric factors associated with acute esophagitis (AE) in lung cancer patients treated with conformal radiotherapy (RT) in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective review 104 lung cancer patients were examined. Esophagitis grades were verified weekly during treatment, and at 1 week, and 1 and 2 months afterwards.

Prognostic significance of galectin-3 and cyclin D1 expression in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Galectin-3 was shown to be involved in various biological events, including cell growth, adhesion, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The prognostic significance of galectin-3 expression has already been evaluated in several cancers. However, its prognostic role has not been investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Results of postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of 29 uterine sarcoma patients.

Aims And Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with uterine sarcoma in order to describe the patterns of relapse and to define prognostic factors.

Methods: We report on 29 patients with uterine sarcoma (US) treated from 1980 to 1995; 18 patients with primary tumors were treated with surgery and adjuvant irradiation, while 11 patients with local recurrences (LR) after previous surgical resection received only radiotherapy. We evaluated the influence of stage, histology, grade, menopausal status, total radiation dose and brachytherapy on survival.

Comparison of radiation-induced oral mucositis scoring systems.

Background: A number of oral toxicity scoring systems have been described, but their direct comparison has rarely been undertaken and little data exists. An impediment to mucositis research has been the lack of an accepted, validated scoring system. The objective of this study was to design a test and validation of scoring systems.

Influence of tumor volume on survival in patients irradiated for non-small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the importance of CT-defined total tumor volume (TTV) on overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable or medically inoperable non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).

Methods And Materials: Between 1991 and 1998, 150 evaluable patients with Stage I-IIIB NSCLC were treated with three-dimensionally planned conformal radiotherapy and curative intent at Duke University Medical Center. On the treatment-planning CT, the primary tumor and nodal volumes were identified and subsequently combined to form the TTV.

Muscle metastasis as initial manifestation of epidermoid carcinoma of the lung.

Typical sites of squamous cell carcinoma of lung metastases include liver, brain, bones, pulmonary and adrenal glands. In advanced dissemination it can rarely involve the skeletal muscle. The patient in this case report was a 46-year-old man, with no significant medical history.

Acute myeloblastic leukemia achieving complete remission with amifostine alone.

Amifostine, a phosphorylated thiol-amine, is known as a cytoprotective agent especially for cisplatin containing chemotherapies. Apart from the cytoprotective role, Amifostine could also be used in the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), as a treatment option or for potentiating the effects of cytotoxic agents. We tried to use Amifostine in a patient with AML, which did not respond to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and aimed to publish the results.