Optic Nerve Head Changes in Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Implications for Glaucoma Risk.

Objective: Imaging techniques have demonstrated changes in the choroid and retina in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), but the effects on the optic nerve head (ONH) remain unclear. This study investigates ONH structural changes in acute CSCR using enhanced deep imaging optic coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).

Methods: A prospective cohort study included 51 acute CSCR patients and 51 healthy controls aged 18-65 years.

Comparative Analysis of Cosmetic and Functional Outcomes in Corneal Tattooing (Keratopigmentation) versus Ocular Prosthesis.

Objectives: This study compares the cosmetic and functional outcomes of corneal tattooing/keratopigmentation and ocular prostheses in rehabilitating disfigured eyes, focusing on esthetic appearance and emotional well-being.

Methods: Ninety-two patients were included: 48 received corneal tattooing, and 44 were fitted with ocular prostheses. Anophthalmic surgery was indicated for trauma, painful blind eye, endophthalmitis, tumor, and corneal ulcer, while corneal tattooing was performed for trauma, corneal ulcer, and endophthalmitis.

Is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome a risk factor for floppy eyelid syndrome? A multicenter study.

Objective: Evaluate the relationship between OSAS and floppy eyelid syndrome [FES], along with possible confounding factors such as gender, age, and BMI.

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional prospective study. Patients referred to the sleep clinic suspected of OSAS were included in the study.

People who share encounters with racism are silenced online by humans and machines, but a guideline-reframing intervention holds promise.

Are members of marginalized communities silenced on social media when they share personal experiences of racism? Here, we investigate the role of algorithms, humans, and platform guidelines in suppressing disclosures of racial discrimination. In a field study of actual posts from a neighborhood-based social media platform, we find that when users talk about their experiences as targets of racism, their posts are disproportionately flagged for removal as toxic by five widely used moderation algorithms from major online platforms, including the most recent large language models. We show that human users disproportionately flag these disclosures for removal as well.

Prevalence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma is Significantly Higher in Graves Disease with Synchronous Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: The association between autoimmunity-related tissue injury and thyroid cancer development remains an area of interest. Evidence suggests that patients with Graves disease (GD) may have an elevated risk for differentiated thyroid cancer. Multicenter studies are needed to gain insight into the correlates of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) identified in this particular group of patients.

A challenging decision for emergency physicians: Routine repeat computed brain tomography of the brain in head trauma in infants and neonates.

Background: Head trauma is a leading cause of death and disability. While standard treatment protocols exist for severe head trauma, no clear follow-up standards are available for mild head trauma with positive imaging findings in infants and newborns. Although routine follow-up brain computed tomography (CT) imaging is not recommended for children with moderate and mild head trauma, the necessity for follow-up imaging in infants and newborns remains uncertain.

Osteoproductivity of Injectable Bone Grafts with and without Ostrich Eggshell Membrane Protein in Rabbit Femur.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and effectiveness in terms of osseointegration of dental implants composed of novel injectable bone grafts with and without ostrich eggshell particles and membrane protein in rabbit femur.

Methods: Sixteen adult male New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. A bone defect was created in each animal's right and left femur, and a dental implant was placed adjacent to the defect.

Granulation Patterns of Functional Corticotroph Tumors Correlate with Tumor Size, Proliferative Activity, T2 Intensity-to-White Matter Ratio, and Postsurgical Early Biochemical Remission.

Unlike somatotroph tumors, the data on correlates of tumor granulation patterns in functional TPIT lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (corticotroph tumors) have been less uniformly documented in most clinical series. This study evaluated characteristics of 41 well-characterized functional corticotroph tumors consisting of 28 densely granulated corticotroph tumors (DGCTs) and 13 sparsely granulated corticotroph tumors (SGCTs) with respect to preoperative clinical and radiological findings, tumor proliferative activity (including mitotic count and Ki-67 labeling index), and postoperative early biochemical remission rates. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) tumor size was significantly larger in the SGCT group [16.

Autologous-Fibrin Induction: A Novel Approach for Sutureless Sclerotomy Closure in Pars Plana Vitrectomy.

Purpose: This study presents a novel sutureless closure approach for sclerotomies following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and assesses its efficacy and safety.

Methods: A total of 142 eyes were included in the study. PPV procedures were performed using 23-gauge (23 G) or 25-gauge (25 G) systems.

Chrysin Enhances Anti-Cancer Activity of Jurkat T Cell and NK-92 Cells Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Chrysin, a naturally occurring flavonoid in plant and bee products, demonstrates notable biological activities, including anti-cancer effects. These properties are partially attributed to its capability to activate immune cells. This study focused on exploring the immunomodulatory potential of chrysin on NK-92 and Jurkat-T cells targeting breast cancer cells (BCC).

Factors affecting prognosis and need for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections in wet age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To understand factors affecting visual prognosis and the number of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections needed to stabilize wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort, 119 treatment-naïve wet AMD patients were followed for two years. In patients with bilateral disease, the eye with worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) or that received more intravitreal injections was recruited as the study eye.

Olive Leaf Extract Downregulates the Protein Expression of Key SARS-CoV-2 Entry Enzyme ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and Furin.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses ongoing global health challenges due to its propensity for mutations, which can undermine vaccine efficacy. With no definitive treatment available, urgent research into affordable and biocompatible therapeutic agents is extremely urgent. Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2), and Furin enzymes, which allow the virus to enter cells, are particularly important as potential drug targets among scientists.

Biocompatibility and Osseointegration of the Biomimetically Coated and Water-Soluble Eggshell Membrane Protein Cross-Linked Ti Alloy Screws.

Background: The surface properties of dental and orthopedic implants are directly related to their osseointegration rate. Coating and/or modifying the implant surface might reduce the time of healing. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of a hybrid surface consisting of a brushite surface coating and cross-linked water-soluble eggshell membrane protein on the osseointegration of titanium (Ti) screws under in vivo conditions.

Osteoproductivity in Experimentally Induced Cranial Bone Defects in Rabbits.

Background: Autogenous bone grafts are the gold standard for being used as graft materials in maxillofacial surgery. However, a limited amount of these materials is available from the donor site, and there is also more need for a larger operating area and a second surgery, which frequently leads to unreliable graft incorporation, tooth ankylosis, and root resorption. Therefore, newer bone graft substitutes have been developed as alternatives, among which eggshell powder has been introduced as a bone substitute.

Visual Outcomes, Endothelial Loss, and Complications Following Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation and Trocar-Assisted Sutureless Scleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses.

Objectives: Iris-claw intraocular lens (IC-IOL) implantation and sutureless scleral fixation of intraocular lenses (SSF-IOL) are two commonly preferred surgical approaches for the management of aphakic patients without sufficient capsular support. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of IC-IOL implantation and trocar-assisted SSF-IOL implantation.

Methods: The medical records of secondary IOL implantation patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Propolis Enhances 5-Fluorouracil Mediated Antitumor Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects in Colorectal Cancer: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study.

In this study, we investigated the combined treatment of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Anatolian propolis extract (PE) on colorectal cancer (CRC)using in vitro and in vivo studies. We exposed luciferase-transfected (Lovo-Luc CRC) cells and healthy colon cells (CCD-18Co) to varying concentrations of 5-FU and PE to assess their genotoxic, apoptotic, and cytotoxic effects, as well as their intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) levels. We also developed a xenograft model in nude mice and evaluated the anti-tumor effects of PE and 5-FU using various methods.

Endothelial loss following postoperative intracameral triamcinolone acetonide and subconjunctival dexamethasone injections.

Objectives: To compare endothelial toxicity and efficacy of two local steroid injections (intracameral triamcinolone acetonide and subconjunctival dexamethasone) in controlling postoperative inflammation following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with phacoemulsification cataract surgery.

Methods: This cohort included 54 patients that underwent combined surgery and received either intracameral triamcinolone acetonide injections ( = 27, IC-TA group) or subconjunctival dexamethasone ( = 27, Sc-Dex group) injections at the end of the surgery. All participants had at least 4 months or longer follow-up.

A new marker for the prediction of contrast induced-acute kidney injury following primary percutaneous coronary intervention: logarithm of haemoglobin-albumin product.

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a disorder that adversely affects the prognosis of STEMI. The study aimed to assess the predictive value of a new marker, logarithm of haemoglobin and albumin product (LHAP) on the risk of CI-AKI development after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-pcı).

Method: We retrospectively enrolled 3057 patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction who were treated with p-PCI.

Effects of Bioactive Pulp-capping Materials on Cell Viability, Differentiation, and Mineralization Behaviors of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of bioactive pulp-capping materials on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) behavior in terms of cell viability and bioactivity via mineralization potential.

Methods And Materials: Nanoparticles of 58S5 bioactive glass (nBG) powder were elaborated by a sol-gel process. Primer hDPSCs were cultured with experimental nBG, Biodentine, TheraCal LC, and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) extracts.

Optical coherence tomography and Scheimpflug imaging of the iridocorneal angle following intravitreal injection of different medications: A longitudinal analysis.

Purpose: Intravitreal injection of medications induces a sudden increase in posterior segment volume and pushes iris plane anteriorly to narrow iridocorneal angle. The aim of this study to follow and define longitudinal course of these changes following intravitreal injection of 3 different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications or dexamethasone implant.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study included 89 eyes of 89 patients that had an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (n = 20) or ranibizumab (n = 26) or aflibercept (n = 22) or dexamethasone implant (n = 21).

In vitro determination of the remineralizing potential and cytotoxicity of non-fluoride dental varnish containing bioactive glass, eggshell, and eggshell membrane.

Purpose: This study compares in vitro remineralization potential and cytotoxicity of fluoride-free varnish combinations containing bioactive glass, eggshell, and membrane powder and fluoride varnish formulations on artificial caries lesions.

Methods: Artificial caries lesions were formed in two windows on third molars. One of the windows was coated with one of the following varnish formulations: FV (fluoride varnish), F-BAGV (fluoride and bioactive glass containing varnish), BAGV (bioactive glass containing varnish), EPV (eggshell powder containing varnish), EMP-EPV (eggshell membrane protein and eggshell powder containing varnish), STMP-EMP-EPV (sodium trimetaphosphate-treated eggshell membrane protein and eggshell powder containing varnish).