ISARIC-4C Mortality Score overestimates risk of death due to COVID-19 in Australian ICU patients: a validation cohort study.

To assess the performance of the UK International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (4C) Mortality Score for predicting mortality in Australian patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study. 78 Australian ICUs participating in the SPRINT-SARI (Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection) Australia study of COVID-19.

Clinical Informatics needs to be a competency for Intensive care training.

Clinical informatics is a cornerstone in the delivery of safe and quality critical care in Australia and New Zealand. Recent advances in the field of clinical informatics, including new technologies that digitise healthcare data, improved methods of capturing and storing these data, as well as innovative analytic methods using machine learning and artificial intelligence, present exciting new opportunities to leverage data for improving the delivery of critical care and patient outcomes. However, ICU training in Australian and New Zealand does not adequately address capability gaps in this area, potentially leaving future intensivists without the necessary skills to provide leadership in the application of informatics within ICUs.

Mortality among people admitted to Australian intensive care units for reasons other than COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate in-hospital mortality among people admitted to Australian intensive care units (ICUs) with conditions other than coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: National, multicentre, retrospective cohort study; analysis of data in the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation (ANZICS CORE) Adult Patient Database.

Setting, Participants: Adults (16 years or older) without COVID-19 admitted to Australian ICUs, 1 January 2016 - 30 June 2022.

Bilateral facial nerve palsies due to leptomeningeal progression of lung adenocarcinoma and response to osimertinib.

A 39-year-old female Chinese non-smoker was diagnosed with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma with cerebral metastases and commenced erlotinib. After 5 weeks, she presented with a 3-day history of severe bilateral facial weakness (House-Brackmann grade V/VI) and hypogeusia consistent with bilateral facial nerve palsies. MRI demonstrated new, symmetrical contrast-enhancing foci at the expected location of the facial nerves, consistent with leptomeningeal progression.

The risk of postoperative deterioration of non-cardiac surgery patients with ICU referral status who are admitted to the regular ward: a retrospective observational cohort study.

Background: Higher-risk surgical patients may not be admitted to the intensive care unit due to stable immediate post-operative status on review. The outcomes of this cohort are not well described. Our aim was to examine the subsequent inpatient course of intensive care unit -referred but not admitted surgical patients.

A comparison of characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the ICU with asthma in Australia and New Zealand and United states.

: To compare the characteristics, use of invasive ventilation and outcomes of patients admitted with critical asthma syndrome (CAS) to ICUs in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), and a large cohort of ICUs in the United States (US). : We examined two large databases of ICU for patients admitted with CAS in 2014 and 2015. We obtained, analyzed, and compared information on demographic and physiological characteristics, use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and clinical outcome and derived predictive models.

Intensive care implications of epidemic thunderstorm asthma.

Objective: To investigate the environmental precipitants, treatment and outcome of critically ill patients affected by the largest and most lethal reported epidemic of thunderstorm asthma.

Design, Setting And Participants: Retrospective multicentre observational study. Meteorological, airborne particulate and pollen data, and a case series of 35 patients admitted to 15 intensive care units (ICUs) due to the thunderstorm asthma event of 21-22 November 2016, in Victoria, Australia, were analysed and compared with 1062 total ICU-admitted Australian patients with asthma in 2016.

The Melbourne epidemic thunderstorm asthma event 2016: an investigation of environmental triggers, effect on health services, and patient risk factors.

Background: A multidisciplinary collaboration investigated the world's largest, most catastrophic epidemic thunderstorm asthma event that took place in Melbourne, Australia, on Nov 21, 2016, to inform mechanisms and preventive strategies.

Methods: Meteorological and airborne pollen data, satellite-derived vegetation index, ambulance callouts, emergency department presentations, and data on hospital admissions for Nov 21, 2016, as well as leading up to and following the event were collected between Nov 21, 2016, and March 31, 2017, and analysed. We contacted patients who presented during the epidemic thunderstorm asthma event at eight metropolitan health services (each including up to three hospitals) via telephone questionnaire to determine patient characteristics, and investigated outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions.

Smoking cessation therapy in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units: a multicentre point prevalence study.

Objective: To obtain an accurate estimate of smoking prevalence and smoking cessation support practices, including nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICUs).

Design, Setting And Participants: Cross-sectional, observational study using data obtained from adult ICUs participating in the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group Point Prevalence Program in 2016.

Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence and intensity of current smoking, baseline characteristics of smokers in comparison with non-smokers and frequency of NRT use while admitted to the ICU.

A "Code ICU" expedited review of critically ill patients is associated with reduced emergency department length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation.

Purpose: To examine the effect of a system of expedited review of critically ill patients in the Emergency Department (ED) on ED length of stay (LOS) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary hospital comparing two 12-month periods before and after implementation of a 'Code ICU' system of expedited review of critically ill patients in the ED. All adult ED to ICU admissions were included.

Impact of increasing overnight intensive care unit registrar staffing on duration of intubation of elective cardiac surgery patients.

It is unclear whether increases to overnight junior medical staffing levels can improve ICU patient outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study before and after the introduction of a third overnight ICU registrar at a 24-bed metropolitan ICU in February 2012. We hypothesised that this change would be associated with decreased intubation time for elective cardiac surgery patients and an increase in the proportion of these patients being extubated during the overnight period.

Indigenous mental health 2035: future takers, future makers and transformational potential.

Objective: The aims were to review progress in Indigenous mental health over the past 25 years and to identify possible directions for the next 25 years.

Method: Māori involvement in health and health care was used to illustrate key Indigenous developments since 1984. Challenges in the decades ahead were discussed in the context of demographic transitions, life course epidemiology, global trends, technological innovations and health leadership.

Te Ira Tangata: a Zelen randomised controlled trial of a treatment package including problem solving therapy compared to treatment as usual in Maori who present to hospital after self harm.

Background: Maori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, who present to hospital after intentionally harming themselves, do so at a higher rate than non-Maori. There have been no previous treatment trials in Maori who self harm and previous reviews of interventions in other populations have been inconclusive as existing trials have been under powered and done on unrepresentative populations. These reviews have however indicated that problem solving therapy and sending regular postcards after the self harm attempt may be an effective treatment.

Indigenizing mental health services: New Zealand experience.

Mental health services in New Zealand have been significantly altered by Māori cultural values. Since 1980, a monocultural approach has given way to the incorporation of Māori language, Māori health perspectives, and Māori psychological frameworks in the assessment, treatment, and care of patients. Māori provider organizations, an expanded Māori health workforce, and Māori leadership have been crucial catalysts for the transformation.

Prevalence of mental disorders among Māori in Te Rau Hinengaro: the New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of mental disorders (period prevalence across aggregated disorders, 12 month and lifetime prevalence) among Māori in Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey.

Method: Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, undertaken between 2003 and 2004, was a nationally representative face-to-face household survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 years and over, including 2,595 Māori. Ethnicity was measured using the 2001 New Zealand census ethnicity question.

Understanding health and illness: research at the interface between science and indigenous knowledge.

Indigenous knowledge cannot be verified by scientific criteria nor can science be adequately assessed according to the tenets of indigenous knowledge. Each is built on distinctive philosophies, methodologies, and criteria. While there is considerable debate around their relative merits, contests about the validities of the two systems tend to serve as distractions from explorations of the interface, and the subsequent opportunities for creating new knowledge that reflects the dual persuasions.

Angiotensin II angiogenic effect in vivo involves vascular endothelial growth factor- and inflammation-related pathways.

Although accumulating lines of evidence indicate the proangiogenic role of angiotensin II (Ang II), little is known about the molecular mechanisms associated with such an effect. This study aimed to identify molecular events involved in Ang II-induced angiogenesis in the Matrigel model in mice. C57Bl/6 female mice received a subcutaneous injection of either Matrigel or Matrigel with Ang II (10(-7) M) alone, with Ang II and an AT1 receptor antagonist (candesartan, 10(-6) M), or with Ang II and AT2 receptor antagonist (PD123319, 10(-6) M).

Incidents relating to arterial cannulation as identified in 7,525 reports submitted to the Australian incident monitoring study (AIMS-ICU).

Arterial cannulation is frequently used in the critical care environment. Literaturefocuses on insertion techniques and complications. This report utilized data from the Australian Incident Monitoring Study (AIMS-ICU) national database to identify common problems and contributing factors associated with the use and maintenance of arterial lines.