Progesterone Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) vs. clomiphene Primed Ovarian Stimulation (CPOS) in high responder (HR) patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. A Randomised Control trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of PPOS and CPOS in high-responder patients undergoing COS for IVF.

Methods: This one-year prospective, randomized, controlled trial included 86 high-responder patients. They were divided into PPOS (n=44) and CPOS (n=42).

In cases with raised sperm DNA fragmentation, can sperm selection by magnetic-activated cell sorting or testicular sperm aspiration help improve reproductive outcomes?

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) or testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) to improve reproductive outcomes in cases with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation undergoing assisted reproduction.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included couples with failed IVF cycles and sperm DNA fragmentation > 30%. Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed using the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) method.

Picolinic acid is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of enveloped virus entry that restricts SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in vivo.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights an urgent need for effective antivirals. Targeting host processes co-opted by viruses is an attractive antiviral strategy with a high resistance barrier. Picolinic acid (PA) is a tryptophan metabolite endogenously produced in mammals.

Does Testicular Sperm Alter Reproductive and Perinatal Outcomes in Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles? 10 Years' Experience in an Indian Clinic.

Background: Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) has revolutionized the reproductive outcomes for couples with male factor infertility. Especially in azoospermic men, use of ICSI with surgically retrieved testicular sperm has helped them have their own biological child. However, considering the immature nature of testicular sperm safety of testicular sperm has been debated.

Lattice distortions and the metal-insulator transition in pure and Ti-substituted CaRuO.

We report pair distribution function studies on the relationship between the metal-insulator transition (MIT) and lattice distortions in pure and Ti-substituted bilayer CaRuO. Structural refinements performed as a function of temperature, magnetic field and length scale reveal the presence of lattice distortions not only within but also orthogonal to the bilayers. Because of the distortions, the local and average crystal structure differ across a broad temperature region extending from room temperature to temperatures below the MIT.

46XX Testicular Disorder of Sex Development.

In this case report, we present the case of a 31-year-old man who presented with primary infertility, azoospermia and occasional sexual dysfunction. History and general physical examination were unremarkable. Local examination showed bilateral low volume testes and remaining aspects of the male reproductive tract were unremarkable.

Exploring rotavirus proteome to identify potential B- and T-cell epitope using computational immunoinformatics.

Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and children worldwide. The functional correlation of B- and T-cells to long-lasting immunity against rotavirus infection in the literature is limited. In this work, a series of computational immuno-informatics approaches were applied and identified 28 linear B-cells, 26 conformational B-cell, 44 T cell and 40 T cell binding epitopes for structural and non-structural proteins of rotavirus.

Enteroviruses in gastrointestinal diseases.

Gastrointestinal diseases including diarrhoea constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children especially in developing countries. Worldwide deaths among all ages due to diarrhoea during 2015 were estimated to be about 1.31 million, diarrhoeal deaths in children below 5 years of age being 499 000.

Blooming of Gonyaulax polygramma along the southeastern Arabian Sea: Influence of upwelling dynamics and anthropogenic activities.

The influence of upwelling on the phytoplankton community was examined during the upwelling-relaxation period in the southeastern Arabian Sea. Elevated upwelling intensity during the summer monsoon season of 2016 resulted in the re-suspension of harmful dinoflagellates into the surface water. Further, the surplus of phosphorus (P) inputs into the coastal waters from estuarine runoff during the upwelling-relaxation period induced blooming of Gonyaulax polygramma (4.

Understanding the penetrance of intrinsic protein disorder in rotavirus proteome.

Rotavirus is a major cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in the infants and young children. The past decade has evidenced the role of intrinsically disordered proteins/regions (IDPs)/(IDPRs) in viral and other diseases. In general, (IDPs)/(IDPRs) are considered as dynamic conformational ensembles that devoid of a specific 3D structure, being associated with various important biological phenomena.

Rotavirus Induces Formation of Remodeled Stress Granules and P Bodies and Their Sequestration in Viroplasms To Promote Progeny Virus Production.

Rotavirus replicates in unique virus-induced cytoplasmic inclusion bodies called viroplasms (VMs), the composition and structure of which have yet to be understood. Based on the analysis of a few proteins, earlier studies reported that rotavirus infection inhibits stress granule (SG) formation and disrupts P bodies (PBs). However, the recent demonstration that rotavirus infection induces cytoplasmic relocalization and colocalization with VMs of several nuclear hnRNPs and AU-rich element-binding proteins (ARE-BPs), which are known components of SGs and PBs, suggested the possibility of rotavirus-induced remodeling of SGs and PBs, prompting us to analyze a large number of the SG and PB components to understand the status of SGs and PBs in rotavirus-infected cells.

Cytoplasmic Relocalization and Colocalization with Viroplasms of Host Cell Proteins, and Their Role in Rotavirus Infection.

Rotavirus replicates in the cytoplasm of infected cells in unique virus-induced cytoplasmic inclusion bodies called viroplasms (VMs), which are nucleated by two essential viral nonstructural proteins, NSP2 and NSP5. However, the precise composition of the VM, the intracellular localization of host proteins during virus infection, and their association with VMs or role in rotavirus growth remained largely unexplored. Mass spectrometry analyses revealed the presence of several host heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), AU-rich element-binding proteins (ARE-BPs), and cytoplasmic proteins from uninfected MA104 cell extracts in the pulldown (PD) complexes of the purified viroplasmic proteins NSP2 and NSP5.

Association Between Progesterone Elevation on the Day of Human Chronic Gonadotropin Trigger and Pregnancy Outcomes After Fresh Embryo Transfer in Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles.

Progesterone elevation (PE) during the late follicular phase of controlled ovarian stimulation in fresh embryo transfer fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles has been claimed to be associated with decreased pregnancy rates. However, the evidence is not unequivocal, and clinicians still have questions about the clinical validity of measuring P levels during the follicular phase of stimulated cycles. We reviewed the existing literature aimed at answering four relevant clinical questions, namely (i) Is gonadotropin type associated with PE during the follicular phase of stimulated cycles? (ii) Is PE on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) associated with negative fresh embryo transfer IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles outcomes in all patient subgroups? (iii) Which P thresholds are best to identify patients at risk of implantation failure due to PE in a fresh embryo transfer? and (iv) Should a freeze all policy be adopted in all the cycles with PE on the day of hCG? The existing evidence indicates that late follicular phase progesterone rise in gonadotropin releasing analog cycles is mainly caused by the supraphysiological stimulation of granulosa cells with exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone.

Large-scale HFMD epidemics caused by Coxsackievirus A16 in Bangalore, India during 2013 and 2015.

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a relatively unreported disease in India. This study was undertaken to characterize the enterovirus type/s associated with two unexpectedly-massive epidemics that occurred in Bangalore, India in 2013 and 2015. Stool samples of 229 children with HFMD living in Northern and Southern areas of Bangalore were tested by RT-PCR; 189 (82.

Distribution of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 amino acid substitution alleles in South Indian diabetes patients: A genotypic and computational protein phenotype study.

The CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 are two major isoforms of the cytochrome P450 enzyme family, which is involved in drug response, detoxification, and disease development. This study describes the differential distribution of amino acid substitution variants of CYP2C8 (*2-I269F & *3-R139K) and CYP2C9 (*2-C144R & *3-L359A) genes in 234 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 218 healthy controls from Andhra Pradesh, South India. Single locus genotype analysis has revealed that homozygous recessive genotypes of 2C8*2-TT (P ≤ .

In-house quality check of external beam plans using 3D treatment planning systems - a DVH comparison.

This paper presents a new approach towards the quality assurance of external beam plans using in-house-developed DICOM import and export software in a clinical setup. The new approach is different from what is currently used in most clinics, viz., only MU and point dose are verified.

An enzyme-linked immuno focus assay for rapid detection and enumeration, and a newborn mouse model for human non-polio enteroviruses associated with acute diarrhea.

We have recently reported significant association of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with acute and persistent diarrhea (18-21% of total diarrheal cases), and non-diarrheal Increased Frequency of Bowel Movements (IFoBM-ND) (about 29% of the NPEV infections) in children and that the NPEV-associated diarrhea was as significant as rotavirus diarrhea. However, their diarrhea-causing potential is yet to be demonstrated in an animal model system. Since the determination of virus titers by the traditional plaque assay takes 4-7 days, there is a need for development of a rapid method for virus titer determination to facilitate active clinical research on enterovirus-associated diarrhea.

Note: On the generation of sub-300 keV flash-X-rays using rod-pinch diode: an experimental investigation.

Generation of flash X-rays (FXRs) at less than 500 keV is described with emphasis on experimental investigation. The pulser is a Tesla transformer-Water transmission line based pulsed power generator operating in double resonance mode to power a rod-pinch diode. The configuration of aspect ratio reported here falls much below the normally reported ratios for the rod-pinch diode operation.

Non-polio enterovirus association with persistent diarrhea in children as revealed by a follow-up study of an Indian cohort during the first two years of life.

Background: We recently reported significant association of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with acute diarrhea in children. Persistent diarrhea (PD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants below two years of age in developing countries. Understanding age-dependent frequency and duration of NPEV infections is important to determine their association with persistent diarrhea and disease burden.

Variations in the GST activity are associated with single and combinations of GST genotypes in both male and female diabetic patients.

In the present cross sectional study, we aimed to ascertain the relative associations of GST genotypes with GST activity variations and also with the risk to DMT2 predisposition among men and women separately. Clinical samples obtained from 244 DMT2 cases (120 Males and 124 Females) and 228 controls (117 Males and 111 Females) belonging to Asian Indian ethnicity were used to test for glycemic index, lipid profile, GST activity and GST genotypes. The frequencies of single and combinations of GST genotypes were statistically examined for their association with DMT2 risk among both study groups.

Non-diarrhoeal increased frequency of bowel movements (IFoBM-ND): enterovirus association with the symptoms in children.

Objective: Infectious and non-infectious causes are associated with increased frequency of bowel movements (IFoBM). But, a viral aetiology to non-diarrhoeal IFoBM (IFoBM-ND) has not been described. Owing to an accidental infection by an echovirus 19 strain, persistent diarrhoea-associated virus, isolated from a child with persistent diarrhoea, DCR experienced persistent IFoBM-ND with an urgency to pass apparently normal stools more than once each day for about 3 months.

Genotoxicity of cadmium chloride in the marine gastropod Nerita chamaeleon using comet assay and alkaline unwinding assay.

This paper presents an evaluation of the genotoxic effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) on marine gastropod, Nerita chamaeleon following the technique of comet assay and the DNA alkaline unwinding assay (DAUA). In this study, the extent of DNA damage in gill cells of N. chamaeleon was measured after in vivo exposure to four different concentrations (10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/L) of CdCl2 .

Non-polio enteroviruses and their association with acute diarrhea in children in India.

A causative agent in approximately 40% of diarrheal cases still remains unidentified. Though many enteroviruses (EVs) are transmitted through fecal-oral route and replicate in the intestinal cells, their association with acute diarrhea has not so far been recognized due to lack of detailed epidemiological investigations. This long-term, detailed molecular epidemiological study aims to conclusively determine the association of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with acute diarrhea in comparison with rotavirus (RV) in children.