Lectin Functionalised Iron Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Sperm Selection: A Potential Technique to Improve Bull Sperm Quality In Vitro.

Premature acrosomal exocytosis in cryopreserved semen is one of the reasons attributed to low fertility among livestock. In the present study, we attempted to enhance the cryopreserved semen quality by selective removal of acrosome-reacted spermatozoa using FITC-PNA conjugated iron magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Further, the effect of nano purification on other sperm functional attributes was also assessed.

Seasonal, physiological and bacteriological risk factors for subclinical mastitis in dairy cows maintained under different farming conditions.

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a major health problem of dairy animals in India and across the globe. An identification of potential risk factors of SCM can help for efficient udder health management in dairy animals. In this study, apparently healthy cows (HF crossbred: = 45; Deoni: = 43) were screened for SCM during different seasons through milk somatic cell count (SCC: reference test using 200 × 10 cells/ml as cut off value), California mastitis test (CMT) and differential electrical conductivity (DEC) test at an organized research farm.

Relationship among seminal antigenicity, antioxidant status and metabolically active sperm from Holstein-Friesian () bulls.

Sperm antigenicity has been implicated as a regulatory factor for acquiring fertilizing competence in the female reproductive tract. Overt immune response against the sperm proteins leads to idiopathic infertility. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the auto-antigenic potential of sperm on the antioxidant status, metabolic activities and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bovine.

Production and Evaluation of Encapsulated Zinc Oxide on Performance, Ileal Digestibility and Zinc Transporter Gene Expression in Broiler Chicken.

The present study was undertaken for the production of encapsulated zinc and its evaluation in broiler chicken diet. The process of microencapsulation involved the use of polymers, gum arabic and maltodextrin with a maximum encapsulation of efficiency of 66%. Encapsulated material contained about 20% zinc oxide (ZnO) as core material following the freeze-drying process.

Application of encapsulated nano materials as feed additive in livestock and poultry: a review.

Livestock plays a significant role in the socio-economic development of developing countries by providing livelihood and nutritional security, transport, contingency during crop failure and day-to-day earning to the farm family. The human population is projected to reach 9.9 billion by 2050, which along with increasing urbanization and growing income is expected to increase the demand for livestock products.

Antimicrobials use and their indications in dairy farm and individual farmer production conditions in southern India.

Antimicrobials use (AMU) is the key driver for development of antimicrobials resistant (AMR) pathogen in human and veterinary medicines. Therefore, understanding AMU pattern is prerequisite for focused intervention on AMR. The aim of this study was to understand the AMU pattern and their indications in dairy farm and individual farmer production conditions in southern India.

Nutrient requirement equations for Indian goat by multiple regression analysis and least cost ration formulation using a linear and non-linear stochastic model.

An elaborate multiple regression analysis was done to arrive a nutrient requirement equation for goat including dry matter intake, DMI (kg/day), total digestible nutrient, TDN (g/day) and crude protein, CP (g/day) based on animal body weight (BW) (kg) and average daily gain (ADG)(g/day). The derived equations were highly significant (p < 0.001) and had high R (0.

Supraphysiological concentration of urea affects the functional competence of Holstein-Friesian (Bos taurus) sperm.

To understand the effects of urea on sperm functional attributes, fresh bull semen (n = 12) was subjected to four different concentrations (mg/mL) of urea to mimic the physiological (0.04 and 0.13), supraphysiological (0.

Sperm phenotypic characteristics and oviduct binding ability are altered in breeding bulls with high sperm DNA fragmentation index.

In the present study, we standardized an in vitro oviduct explants model for cattle and assessed the oviduct explants binding ability and phenotypic characteristics of spermatozoa obtained from breeding bulls with high- and low-sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI%). Cryopreserved spermatozoa from Holstein Friesian crossbred breeding bulls (n = 45) with known field fertility were assessed for DFI% and were classified into either high DFI% or low DFI% category. Flow cytometry was used to assess sperm membrane integrity, acrosome reaction status, mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentrations.

Dairy cattle nutrition and feed calculator-an android application.

The dairy farmers in the tropical region have limitations regarding "feedstuffs" available. A software program is required to meet the nutrient requirement with the available feeds at the cheapest cost. There are many techniques/software that are implemented to meet dairy animal nutrient requirements.

Nano zinc supplementation in goat (Capra hircus) ration improves immunity, serum zinc profile and IGF-1 hormones without affecting thyroid hormones.

The trial was aimed at evaluating probable superiority, if any of nano zinc (NZn) over inorganic zinc (Zn) on immunity, serum minerals and T , T , and IGF-1 hormone profiles in goats. NZn was synthesized by using 0.45 M aqueous solution of Zn nitrate and 0.

Ileal digestibility of intrinsically labeled hen's egg and meat protein determined with the dual stable isotope tracer method in Indian adults.

Background: Protein quality assessment through the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score requires accurate measurements of true ileal protein and amino acid digestibility, for which a dual isotope technique was recently developed. However, the ileal digestibility of indispensable amino acids (IAA) in humans from high-quality proteins is not well known.

Objective: The aim of this study was to intrinsically label hen's egg and meat protein by the use of uniformly 2H-labeled amino acids, and to measure their true ileal indispensable amino acid (IAA) digestibility via the dual isotope method in humans.

Effect of Supplementation of Nano Zinc Oxide on Nutrient Retention, Organ and Serum Minerals Profile, and Hepatic Metallothionein Gene Expression in Wister Albino Rats.

A study was conducted to validate the effects of nano form of zinc (NZn) on nutrient digestibility, zinc retention, organ and serum zinc profile, and hepatic metallothionein gene expression in Wistar albino rats (WAR). Nano zinc (NZn) was synthesized through chemical method, by using 0.45 M zinc nitrate [Zn(NO).

Nano zinc, an alternative to conventional zinc as animal feed supplement: A review.

The uniqueness of Zn is that, it is the second most abundant trace element in the animal body but can't be stored in the body, thus regular dietary intake is required. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NP) particles are being extensively used in paints, skin lotions pigments, food, electronics appliances, biological and pharmaceutical applications and many more. Zinc oxide nanoparticles are the specially prepared mineral salt having particle size of 1 to 100 nm.

Relationship between seminal plasma tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues and sperm functional attributes in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

The buffalo seminal plasma protein profile and its relationship with sperm quality have not been studied in detail. Thus, the aim of the present study was to profile buffalo seminal plasma proteins and to assess the relationship between differentially expressed proteins and sperm characteristics. Semen samples (n = 44) were collected from 11 Murrah buffalo bulls (four ejaculates from each animal) and seminal plasma protein profiling was performed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.