[Trapped popliteal arteries. Incidence, epidemiology, therapeutic considerations].

The trapped popliteal artery syndrome is an extrinsic dynamic compression of the vascular structures in the popliteal fossa by the surrounding fibromuscular structures. The condition mainly affects the popliteal artery resulting in atypical intermittent claudication because it often occurs in young and active patients. The arterial lesions are initially purely extrinsic and dynamic; sometimes they progress to thrombosis, embolism or aneurysm due to jet lesions.

Immunologic findings in healthy Haitians in Montreal.

To investigate the occurrence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in Haitians, a health status questionnaire was administered and selected studies of immune status done in a randomly chosen sample of 189 healthy adult Haitians living in Montreal. The study group was comparable to a large sample of Haitians in Montreal interviewed in the 1981 census with respect to age, sex, number of persons per household and year of immigration, but the proportion of currently married people in the study was larger (60.8% v.

[Percutaneous bone puncture biopsy with trocar. Apropos of 60 cases].

Deep bone biopsies were performed in 58 patients over the last 2 years, in a radiology department in Tours, France, under television screen control. Data obtained included pathologic, cytologic and bacteriologic features in the 60 biopsies conducted, localization being the spine in 52 cases (12 dorsal, 36 lumbar, 4 sacroiliac) and the pelvis 8 times. Etiology was a tumoral process in 15 cases (14 metastases and 1 reticulosarcoma), 7 infectious processes including 2 cases of tuberculosis, 26 cases of decalcifying degenerative osteopathies, 1 Paget's disease, 1 ankylosing spondylitis and 1 bone infarct.

Characterization of the esterases of the mitochondrial fraction of guinea pig cortical renal cells.

The esterase activity of the mitochondrial fraction from cortical renal cells was studied in guinea pigs aged 15, 21, 30, and 120 days. The rate of hydrolysis of beta-naphthyl acetate was measured by incubating aliquots of mitochondrial preparations with physostigmine, diisopropylfluorophosphate, HgCl2, and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate. Enzyme activity was mainly due to the heterogeneous aliesterase group: some aliesterases were sensitive to physostigmine, others to organophosphorus compounds and/or to HgCl2; a C-esterase stimulated by organomercurials and similar to that described by Bergmann et al.

Genetically determined resistance to mouse hepatitis virus 3 is expressed in hematopoietic donor cells in radiation chimeras.

Differences in mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) sensitivity among mouse strains are mainly determined by H-2-related and -nonrelated genetic factors. Reciprocal chimerism was therefore established between two H-2a compatible pairs of strains that differ widely in their susceptibility to MHV3: a) A/J and B10.A, respectively resistant and highly susceptible; b) A/J and A/Sn, respectively resistant and semisusceptible.

Natural resistance of mice to mouse hepatitis virus type 3 infection is expressed in embryonic fibroblast cells.

Mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) infection in mice varies according to the mouse strain used; they may show resistance, semi-susceptibility (paralysis) or full susceptibility (lethal acute hepatitis). In order to study the mechanism of inborn resistance, viral infection was carried out in primary cultures of embryonic fibroblasts originating from various mouse strains exhibiting different sensitivities to MHV3 infection. Virus-induced cytopathic effects and cell membrane antigens as well as virus replication and interferon synthesis were studied.

Persistent infection with mouse hepatitis virus 3 in mouse lymphoid cell lines.

The sensitivity of mice to mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) varies according to strain, age, and immune status of the animals. In semisusceptible strains, mice surviving the acute phase of infection develop a chronic disease characterized by the occurrence of paralysis, virus persistence, and immunodeficiency. Persistent MHV3 infections established in vitro in YAC and RDM -4 mouse lymphoid cell lines were characterized by virus production, presence of cytoplasmic viral antigens, and cell lysis.

Precocious thymic involution manifest by epithelial injury in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Thymuses from six heterosexual Haitian patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied by light microscopy and the findings were compared with those from three control groups. The control groups included 1) five age-matched Haitian hospital patients; 2) ten age- and sex-matched Montreal patients who had died suddenly or had had brief illnesses; and 3) 20 middle-elderly Montreal patients who had experienced chronic, wasting illnesses or prolonged hospitalization. Thymuses from patients with AIDS demonstrated pronounced involution, effacement of the cortex and medulla, marked thymocyte depletion, variable degrees of plasma cell infiltration and fibrosis, and, above all, absence of Hassall's corpuscles.

Persistent in vitro infection with mouse hepatitis virus 3.

Mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) infection in mice displays various types of sensitivity according to mouse strains: resistance, full susceptibility and semisusceptibility . MHV3 infections were carried out in primary cultures of embryonic fibroblasts originating from various mouse strains and in mouse lymphoid cell lines. Persistent infection was induced in 2 out of 3 primary embryonic fibroblast cultures.

Entry of mouse hepatitis virus 3 into cells.

The involvement of lysosomes in infection by mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) was studied. L cells were infected with MHV3 in the presence of NH4Cl or chloroquine, weak bases which increase the intralysosomal pH and impair lysosomal functions. NH4Cl significantly inhibited virus-induced cytopathic effects and MHV3 replication, but did not prevent the attachment of 3H-labelled virus.

Induction of natural killer cells and interferon during mouse hepatitis virus infection of resistant and susceptible inbred mouse strains.

Following infection by mouse hepatitis virus (JHM strain), an induction of natural killer (NK) cell activity was observed in C3H mice, which are considered to be sensitive to JHM virus infection. In contrast, mice of the resistant SJL strain did not show any increase of NK cell activity after JHM virus infection. However, infection of both SJL and C3H mice with mouse hepatitis virus type 3 (MHV3) resulted in an increase of NK level, comparable to that observed with the JHM virus infection in the C3H strain.

Prevention of the enhancing effect of mucin and iron in mouse meningococcal infection.

In vivo resistance of mice to Neisseria meningitidis was entirely abrogated by a concomitant administration of mucin and iron with N. meningitidis organisms. Resistance, however, was restored when the latter challenge was given to animals which had been immunized 7 days previously with a crude extract of meningococcal antigens (MA), BCG, or proteose peptone.

Increase of paradoxical sleep by electrical stimulation within lateral ventricles of rat.

The effect on the sleep-waking cycle of low intensity electrical stimulation (0.2 mA intensity, 80 Hz frequency, 0.7 ms signal duration) within the lateral ventricles was studied in rats maintained under a photoperiod of 12 h light and 12 h darkness (lights on at 06.

Mouse immune response to meningococcal antigens.

The mouse immune response against Neisseria meningitidis was studied by using an extract from group Y (Slaterus) known to contain protein antigens common to other meningococci. By using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay, high titers of specific IgM and IgG class antibodies were measured which lasted over 2 months after immunization. These antibodies cross-reacted with similar extracts from other meningococci groups.

Menningococcal antigens (MA): a novel immune stimulant in experimental neoplasia.

An extract of the meningococcus antigens (MA) prepared from N. meningitidis was tested for an anti-tumor effect in rat and murine metastasizing tumor models. Effectiveness of MA in each model varied with dose and was manifested as significantly improved survival of the treated animals.

Immunodepression of lymphocyte response in mouse hepatitis virus 3 infection.

Replication of MHV3 in macrophage-depleted T cells and effects of MHV3 infection on mouse lymphocytes were studied in mixed lymphocyte reaction and in mitogen-stimulated cells. In vitro infection of lymphocytes with infectious MHV3 resulted in replication of the virus and marked inhibition of the proliferative response of cells. In mixed lymphocyte cultures, a strong inhibition was obtained when either X-irradiated stimulator cells or responder cells were preinfected with infectious virus.

Distribution of 5-HT accumulating neurons in the rat brain. A radioautographic study after different modes of 3H-5-HT administration.

The use of different types of 3H-5 HT administration (intraventricular and subarachnoïdal injections) has allowed to detect, in addition to the well-known serotonergic neurons, new labelled neuronal cell bodies in various areas of the brain: nuclei pontis (lateralis and pars medialis), nucleus interfascicularis, nucleus paranigralis, nucleus tegmentalis laterodorsalis and among the cells of the locus coeruleus. Moreover, a preliminary study shows that, in the lenniscus medialis, nucleus interpreduncularis paramedialis and pontine nuclei, more than 50% of the labelled, presumably serotonergic cells are in direct contact with blood vessels, while in the raphe dorsalis and nucleus interpeduncularis dorsalis the percentage is only 20 to 25%. Possible implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the nature of labelled neurons and of their eventual physiological function.

Early interaction between mouse hepatitis virus 3 and cells.

The interaction between mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) and cells was studied in order to investigate whether or not early events occurring after infection could be involved in the difference in virus replication seen between mouse strains with different genetic sensitivities to MHV3 infection. Kinetic data showed that MHV3 uptake by both macrophages and L cells was time- and temperature-dependent. In addition, treatment of cells with cytochalasin B or prostaglandin E1, prior to virus infection, resulted in a strong inhibition of sheep red blood cell phagocytosis without any effect on MHV3 uptake.