"Cross-Sectional Analysis of Insurance Coverage for Functional Septorhinoplasty in the United States".

Background: The benefits and cost-effectiveness of functional septorhinoplasty have been previously demonstrated. However, reimbursement for functional septorhinoplasty by health insurance companies remains inconsistent. The purpose of this study is to define the current state of insurance coverage for functional septorhinoplasty.

Reprint of: Homelessness and child protection involvement: Temporal links and risks to student attendance and school mobility.

Background: The experience of homelessness and child protection involvement pose risks to children's school success. Elucidating processes by which these interrelated systems affect child well-being is important for guiding policy and practice.

Objective: This study examines the temporal relation between emergency shelter or transitional housing use and child protection involvement among school-aged children.

Learning to Discern the Voices of Gods, Spirits, Tulpas, and the Dead.

There are communities in which hearing voices frequently is common and expected, and in which participants are not expected to have a need for care. This paper compares the ideas and practices of these communities. We observe that these communities utilize cultural models to identify and to explain voice-like events-and that there are some common features to these models across communities.

Historical Osteopathic Principles and Practices in Contemporary Care: An Anthropological Perspective to Foster Evidence-Informed and Culturally Sensitive Patient-Centered Care: A Commentary.

Historical osteopathic principles and practices (OPP)-considering the patient as a dynamic interaction of the body, mind, and spirit and incorporating the body's self-healing ability into care-are inherited from traditional/complementary and alternative (CAM) principles. Both concepts are familiar to contemporary osteopathic practitioners, but their incorporation into healthcare for evidence-informed, patient-centered care (PCC) remains unclear. Further, a polarity exists in the osteopathic profession between a 'traditional-minded' group following historical OPP despite evidence against those models and an 'evidence-minded' group following the current available evidence for common patient complaints.

Homelessness and child protection involvement: Temporal links and risks to student attendance and school mobility.

Background: The experience of homelessness and child protection involvement pose risks to children's school success. Elucidating processes by which these interrelated systems affect child well-being is important for guiding policy and practice.

Objective: This study examines the temporal relation between emergency shelter or transitional housing use and child protection involvement among school-aged children.

The socialization of hallucinations: Cultural priors, social interactions, and contextual factors in the use of psychedelics.

The effects of so-called "psychedelic" or "hallucinogenic" substances are known for their strong conditionality on context. While the so-called culturalist approach to the study of hallucinations has won the favor of anthropologists, the vectors by which the features of visual and auditory imagery are structured by social context have been so far little explored. Using ethnographic data collected in a shamanic center of the Peruvian Amazon and an anthropological approach dialoguing with phenomenology and recent models of social cognition of Bayesian inspiration, I aim to shed light on the nature of these dynamics through an approach I call the "socialization of hallucinations.

Culture, context, and ethics in the therapeutic use of hallucinogens: Psychedelics as active super-placebos?

Following decades of prohibition and widespread concern about their mind-altering properties, there is increasing public, scholarly, and clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances. Serotonergic substances in particular (DMT, psilocybin, and LSD) are now being tested as treatments for such ailments as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder. This thematic issue of presents articles that investigate the cultural assumptions, political dimensions, and clinical and ethical implications that arise from this renewed interest.

Current Use of Baricitinib in COVID-19 Treatment and Its Future: An Updated Literature Review.

The levels of infectivity and mortality that ensued due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused an apparent global outcry. The health system, burdened by increasing deaths and hospitalizations, sought more effective treatment. This necessitated scientists and researchers to utilize existing drugs such as baricitinib, which has proved itself as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory.

Assessing the quality of reporting of studies using Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) data.

Objective: The Society for Vascular Surgery Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) has become an increasingly popular data source for retrospective observational vascular surgery studies. There are published guidelines on the reporting of data in such studies to promote transparency and rigor, but these have not been used to evaluate studies using VQI data. Our objective was to appraise the methodological reporting quality of studies using VQI data by evaluating their adherence to these guidelines.

Towards psychedelic apprenticeship: Developing a gentle touch for the mediation and validation of psychedelic-induced insights and revelations.

A striking feature of psychedelics is their ability to increase attribution of truth and meaningfulness to specific contents and ideas experienced, which may persist long after psychedelic effects have subsided. We propose that processes underlying conferral of meaning and truth in psychedelic experiences may act as a double-edged sword: while these may drive important therapeutic benefits, they also raise important considerations regarding the validation and mediation of knowledge gained during these experiences. Specifically, the ability of psychedelics to induce noetic feelings of revelation may enhance the significance and attribution of reality to specific beliefs, worldviews, and apparent memories which might exacerbate the risk of iatrogenic complications that other psychotherapeutic approaches have historically faced, such as false memory syndrome.

Distilling Check-in/Check-Out into Its Core Practice Elements Through an Expert Consensus Process.

Unlabelled: Check-in/Check-out (CICO) is a widely implemented evidence-based program for supporting students with at-risk levels of social and emotional behavior concerns. It is comprised of several core features described in the previous literature, including , which are the specific actions that are delivered directly to students, and which are actions that support the implementation by adults. Practice elements and implementation components are both important to implementation but have been combined and conflated in descriptions of CICO implementation.

Psychedelics as Tools for Belief Transmission. Set, Setting, Suggestibility, and Persuasion in the Ritual Use of Hallucinogens.

The use of psychedelics in the collective rituals of numerous indigenous groups suggests that these substances are powerful catalysts of social affiliation, enculturation, and belief transmission. This feature has recently been highlighted as part of the renewed interest in psychedelics in Euro-American societies, and seen as a previously underestimated vector of their therapeutic properties. The property of psychedelics to increase feelings of collective belonging and transmission of specific cultural values or beliefs raise, however, complex ethical questions in the context of the globalization of these substances.

Fibrous biomaterials: Effect of textile topography on foreign body reaction.

Foreign Body Reaction (FBR) is a critical issue to be addressed when polyethylene terephthalate (PET) textile implants are considered in the medical field to treat pathologies involving hernia repair, revascularization strategies in arterial disease, and aneurysm or heart valve replacement. The natural porosity of textile materials tends to induce exaggerated tissue ingrowth which may prevent the implants from remaining flexible. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of the textile topography of various woven substrates on the wetting properties of these substrates and on their in vitro interaction with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) at 24 and 72 hr.

Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison.

The recent renaissance of psychedelic science has reignited interest in the similarity of drug-induced experiences to those more commonly observed in psychiatric contexts such as the schizophrenia-spectrum. This report from a multidisciplinary working group of the International Consortium on Hallucinations Research (ICHR) addresses this issue, putting special emphasis on hallucinatory experiences. We review evidence collected at different scales of understanding, from pharmacology to brain-imaging, phenomenology and anthropology, highlighting similarities and differences between hallucinations under psychedelics and in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Empathetic collective angst predicts perpetrator group members' support for the empowerment of the victimized group.

Although victimized groups have a need to recover diminished power, perpetrator groups are often reluctant to support actions that may undermine their own systemic advantages. We hypothesized that perpetrator group members' experience of empathetic collective angst-a group-based emotion focused on concern for the future vitality of an outgroup-mediates the relation between the perception of threat to the future of the victimized group and support for policies that may satisfy the group's empowerment. Across 5 studies and 3 distinct intergroup contexts (victimization of Aboriginal Canadians by non-Aboriginal Canadians, Native Americans by non-Native Americans, and French Canadians by Anglophone Canadians), we showed that perpetrator group members who perceive (Study 1) or are manipulated to perceive (Studies 2-5) that the victimized group is under existential threat (vs.

The influence of road salt on seasonal mixing, redox stratification and methane concentrations in urban kettle lakes.

Influxes of saline water from roads treated with deicers can alter the density structure of urban lakes. This can diminish or halt turnover events, such that lakes may transition from dimixis to monomixis or meromixis. In nutrient-rich lakes, this lack of turnover can produce persistent hypolimnetic anoxia.

[Practices in search of legitimacy: the contemporary use of ayahuasca, between religious and therapeutic vindications].

In recent decades, the growing interest of Westerners in the psychotropic brew ayahuasca and the participation in exotic rituals has led to the multiplication of "shamanic centers" in the Peruvian Amazon. Among these, Takiwasi is a therapeutic community that welcomes hundreds of national and foreign clients every year. This institution, created by a French physician in 1992, was originally intended to propose a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of addiction, characterized by the use of tools of Peruvian mestizo shamanism, biomedicine and clinical psychology.

Children's Sensitivity to Cost and Reward in Decision Making Across Distinct Domains of Probability, Effort, and Delay.

Many behavioral paradigms used to study individuals' decision making tendencies do not capture the decision components that contribute to behavioral outcomes, such as differentiating decisions driven toward a reward from decisions driven away from a cost. This study tested a novel decision making task in a sample of 403 children (age 9 years) enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal study. The task consisted of 3 blocks representing distinct cost domains (delay, probability, effort) wherein children were presented with a deck of cards, each of which consisted of a reward and a cost.

Evaluating increased effort for item disposal to improve recycling at a university.

An evaluation of increased response effort to dispose of items was conducted to improve recycling at a university. Signs prompting individuals to recycle and notifying them of the location of trash and recycling receptacles were posted in each phase. During the intervention, trashcans were removed from the classrooms, and one large trashcan was available in the hallway next to the recycling receptacles.

Design and synthesis of novel N-sulfonyl-2-indoles that behave as 5-HT receptor ligands with significant selectivity for D over D receptors.

All clinically-used antipsychotics display similar affinity for both D (D2R) and D (D3R) receptors, and they likewise act as 5-HT receptor antagonists. They provide therapeutic benefit for positive symptoms, but no marked or consistent improvement in neurocognitive, social cognitive or negative symptoms. Since blockade of D and 5-HT (5-HT6R) receptors enhances neurocognition and social cognition, and potentially improves negative symptoms, a promising approach for improved treatment for schizophrenia would be to develop drugs that preferentially act at D3R versus D2R and likewise recognize 5-HT6R.

Heart rate dependent and independent effects of beta-blockers on central hemodynamic parameters: a propensity score analysis.

Objectives: Central hemodynamic parameters are better predictors of the cardiovascular burden than peripheral blood pressure (BP). Beta-blockers are known to reduce central BP to a lesser extent than peripheral BP, a hypothesized mechanistic consequence of heart rate (HR) reduction.

Methods: The association between beta-blocker use, HR and central hemodynamics indices was studied in treated hypertensive participants of the CARTaGENE study using propensity score analyses and multivariate linear regressions.

Central blood pressures in early chronic kidney disease: an analysis of CARTaGENE.

Background: Vascular stiffness and advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) are strong determinants of higher central blood pressure (BP) and are associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Whether mild-to-moderate CKD is associated with higher central BP independently of other comorbid conditions remains uncertain.

Methods: We evaluated the central hemodynamic profile [central systolic BP, central pulse pressure (PP), augmentation index, PP amplification, augmented pressure] of Stage 3 CKD patients and compared it with participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 mL/min/1.

A Randomized Trial of the Effects of Schema-Based Instruction on Proportional Problem-Solving for Students With Mathematics Problem-Solving Difficulties.

This article reports results from a study investigating the efficacy of a proportional problem-solving intervention, schema-based instruction (SBI), in seventh grade. Participants included 806 students with mathematical difficulties in problem solving (MD-PS) from an initial pool of 1,999 seventh grade students in a larger study. Teachers and their students in the larger study were randomly assigned to an SBI or control condition and teachers in both conditions then provided instruction on the topics of ratio, proportion, and percent.

Retrospective analysis of the predictive factors of renal function loss after uninephrectomy in patients with chronic kidney disease G3 to G5.

Background: The rapid increase in glomerular filtration rate in a normal contralateral kidney after uninephrectomy is well known in living kidney donors but much less well described in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of this initial compensatory capacity in (CKD) groups 3 to 5 (G3 to G5) patients undergoing uninephrectomy and the clinical factors predicting it. This is a retrospective study of all cases (142) of uninephrectomy in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; with MDRD equation) <60 ml/min/1.

Reduction of aggression evoked by sounds using noncontingent reinforcement and time-out.

Some individuals with developmental disabilities engage in problem behavior to escape or avoid auditory stimuli. In this study, a 6-year-old boy with autism engaged in severe aggression in the presence of specific sounds. Following an assessment based on the procedures described by McCord, Iwata, Galensky, Ellingson, and Thomson (2001), we treated negatively reinforced behavior using noncontingent reinforcement and time-out from positive reinforcement in the absence of extinction.