Resting-State Cortico-Cerebellar Connectivity Correlates with Post-Stroke Motor Recovery - A Prospective Functional MRI Study.

Cerebellar functional and structural connectivity are likely related to motor function after stroke. Less is known about motor recovery, which is defined as a gain of function between two time points, and about the involvement of the cerebellum. Fifteen patients who were hospitalized between 2018 and 2020 for a first cerebral ischemic event with persistent upper limb deficits were assessed by resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) and clinical motor score measurements at 3, 9 and 15 weeks after stroke.

Low pH Means More Female Offspring: A Multigenerational Plasticity in the Sex Ratio of Marine Bivalves.

Global changes can profoundly affect the sex determination and reproductive output of marine organisms, disrupting the population structure and ecosystems. High COdriven low pH in the context of ocean acidification (OA) has been shown to severely affect various calcifiers, but less is known about the extent to which low pH influences sex determination and reproduction of marine organisms, particularly mollusks. This study is the first to report a biased sex ratio over multiple generations toward females, driven by exposure to high CO-induced low pH environments, using the ecologically and economically important Portuguese oyster () as a model.

[Impact of epilepsy on personal and professional life].

IMPACT OF EPILEPSY ON PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL LIFE. Epilepsy is more than the occurrence of seizures and their direct consequences. Epilepsy is a chronic, often ostracizing disease, which has repercussions in many areas, both personal and professional.

[Epilepsy definitions, classifications, and epidemiology].

EPILEPSY DEFINITIONS, CLASSIFICATIONS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY. Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in the world and the second most common in France. It is defined by the occurrence of 2 unprovoked (or reflex) epileptic seizures more than 24 hours apart, or by the occurrence of an unprovoked (or reflex) epileptic seizure with a recurrence probability of at least 60%.

Cannabidiol Treatment for Adult Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsies: A Real-World Study in a Tertiary Center.

Background And Purpose: Around 30% of patients with epilepsy show drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). While cannabidiol has demonstrated efficacy as an adjunctive treatment in Dravet syndrome (DS), Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS), and epilepsy related to tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), its more global effectiveness in adult patients with DRE apart from these three specific contexts needs to be clarified.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at the epilepsy unit of Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital.

Antarctic cushion star Odontaster validus larval performance is negatively impacted by long-term parental acclimation to elevated temperature.

Cross-generational responses, when the parents' environment influences offspring performance, may contribute to species resilience to climate change in rapidly warming regions such as coastal Antarctica. Adult Antarctic sea stars Odontaster validus were conditioned in the laboratory to two temperature treatments (ambient, 0 °C and warming, +3 °C) for two years, and their gametes were used to generate larval offspring. The response of their larvae to five temperatures (0 °C, 1 °C, 2 °C, 3 °C, and 4 °C) was examined over 145 days.

Calcification in sea urchin larvae is associated with low metabolic costs.

The energetic costs of generating calcium carbonate skeletons and shells in marine organisms remain largely speculative because of the scarcity of empirical data. However, this information is critical for estimating energetic limitations of marine calcifiers that can explain their sensitivity to changes in sea water carbonate chemistry in past, present and future marine systems. Here, the cost of calcification was evaluated using larval stages of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.

Mitochondrial mechanotransduction through MIEF1 coordinates the nuclear response to forces.

Tissue-scale architecture and mechanical properties instruct cell behaviour under physiological and diseased conditions, but our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains fragmentary. Here we show that extracellular matrix stiffness, spatial confinements and applied forces, including stretching of mouse skin, regulate mitochondrial dynamics. Actomyosin tension promotes the phosphorylation of mitochondrial elongation factor 1 (MIEF1), limiting the recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) at mitochondria, as well as peri-mitochondrial F-actin formation and mitochondrial fission.

Impaired fibrinolysis in JAK2V617F-related myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are characterized by a high rate of thrombotic complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality. MPN-related thrombogenesis is assumed to be multifactorial, involving both procoagulant and proinflammatory processes. Whether impaired fibrinolysis also participates in the prothrombotic phenotype of MPN has been poorly investigated.

Ex-vivo investigation of probiotic bacterial adhesion to the intestinal mucus.

Recent research has promoted considerable interest in the potential health benefits of the new generation of probiotics. Despite the abundance of probiotic supplements, their adhesion and thereby colonization in the intestinal tract of the host, a determining factor of probiotic efficacy, remains questionable. Indeed, the gastrointestinal tract, a multi-component and complex system, obscures the comprehensive understanding of the probiotic adhesion mechanism.

International overview of sea turtle fibropapillomatosis: a survey of expert opinions and trends.

Introduction: Marine environments offer a wealth of opportunities to improve understanding and treatment options for cancers, through insights into a range of fields from drug discovery to mechanistic insights. By applying One Health principles the knowledge obtained can benefit both human and animal populations, including marine species suffering from cancer. One such species is green sea turtles (), which are under threat from fibropapillomatosis (FP), an epizootic tumor disease (animal epidemic) that continues to spread and increase in prevalence globally.

Approaches and methods to study wildlife cancer.

The last few years have seen a surge of interest from field ecologists and evolutionary biologists to study neoplasia and cancer in wildlife. This contributes to the One Health Approach, which investigates health issues at the intersection of people, wild and domestic animals, together with their changing environments. Nonetheless, the emerging field of wildlife cancer is currently constrained by methodological limitations in detecting cancer using non-invasive sampling.

IL-2 family cytokines IL-9 and IL-21 differentially regulate innate and adaptive type 2 immunity in asthma.

Background: Asthma is often accompanied by type 2 immunity rich in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 cytokines produced by T2 lymphocytes or type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). IL-2 family cytokines play a key role in the differentiation, homeostasis, and effector function of innate and adaptive lymphocytes.

Objective: IL-9 and IL-21 boost activation and proliferation of T2 and ILC2s, but the relative importance and potential synergism between these γ common chain cytokines are currently unknown.

Epilepsy in Patients With Primary CNS Lymphoma: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prognostic Significance.

Background And Objectives: Epilepsy is a common comorbidity of brain tumors; however, little is known about the prevalence, onset time, semiology, and risk factors of seizures in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in PCNSL, to identify factors associated with epilepsy, and to investigate the prognostic significance of seizures in PCNSL.

Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective single-center study at a tertiary neuro-oncology center (2011-2023) including immunocompetent patients with PCNSL and no history of seizures.

Resective surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis in patients over 50 years: a case-control study.

Background: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE/HS) is the most common cause of drug-resistant focal seizures and surgical resection is the primary treatment option, with seizure-free rates ranging from 60 to 80%. However, data on postsurgical seizure outcomes in patients ≥ 50 years of age are limited. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of surgery in this age group compared to younger patients.

Detection of ROS in Dormant Breast Cancer Cell.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can occur both as a physiological response and because of oxidative stress. ROS are not only the end product of nonfunctional cell processes but also signaling molecules that can regulate cell and tissue homeostasis. Recently, we have discovered that metastatic breast cancer cells that lay dormant in the lung microenvironment activate mitochondrial ROS production in response to the mechanical properties of the ECM, which triggers an antioxidant response mediated by the NRF2 transcription factor.

The brittle star genome illuminates the genetic basis of animal appendage regeneration.

Species within nearly all extant animal lineages are capable of regenerating body parts. However, it remains unclear whether the gene expression programme controlling regeneration is evolutionarily conserved. Brittle stars are a species-rich class of echinoderms with outstanding regenerative abilities, but investigations into the genetic bases of regeneration in this group have been hindered by the limited genomic resources.

Sex-related variability of white matter tracts in the whole HCP cohort.

Behavioral differences between men and women have been studied extensively, as have differences in brain anatomy. However, most studies have focused on differences in gray matter, while white matter has been much less studied. We conducted a comprehensive study of 77 deep white matter tracts to analyze their volumetric and microstructural variability between men and women in the full Human Connectome Project (HCP) cohort of 1065 healthy individuals aged 22-35 years.

Synthesis and characterization of new acid-functionalized porphyrins displaying antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi with or without ultra-high irradiance.

The antimicrobial activity of new acid-functionalized porphyrins, with or without ultra-high irradiance, was investigated. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-resistant or methicillin-sensitive strains) and antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the yeast Candida albicans and the filamentous fungi Aspergillus fumigatus. Overall, the porphyrins tested are more effective against S.

Pharmacological modulation of septins restores calcium homeostasis and is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer's disease.

Abnormal calcium signaling is a central pathological component of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we describe the identification of a class of compounds called ReS19-T, which are able to restore calcium homeostasis in cell-based models of tau pathology. Aberrant tau accumulation leads to uncontrolled activation of store-operated calcium channels (SOCCs) by remodeling septin filaments at the cell cortex.

Discriminating factors in access to video-EEG for epilepsy surgery in a French tertiary epilepsy center.

Equitable access to care and management is a priority for patients with epilepsy and may vary depending on each country's healthcare system. As this issue has not been specifically addressed in France, we conducted a retrospective study to identify discriminating factors in access to surgery at a French tertiary epilepsy center. Initially, we examined factors previously identified in other countries as influential in surgery access, including age at diagnosis, affected side, gender, years of education, socio-professional categories, and density of general practitioners in the residential area, in 293 consecutive French-native patients with refractory medial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS).