A network comparison on efficacy and safety profiling of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objective: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are novel immunotherapeutic agents that have been approved for first-line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, which have completed phase 3 clinical trials, as a first-line treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was performed to extract eligible literature up to October 2023.

The development and validation of the Student Self-feedback Behavior Scale.

Though the importance and benefits of students' active role in the feedback process have been widely discussed in the literature, an instrument for measuring students' self-feedback behavior is still lacking. This paper reports the development and validation of the Self-feedback Behavior Scale (SfBS), which comprises three dimensions (seeking, processing, and using feedback). The SfBS items were constructed in line with the self-feedback behavioral model.

Enhanced fibrotic potential of COL1A1NR4A1 fibroblasts in ischemic heart revealed by transcriptional dynamics heterogeneity analysis at both bulk and single-cell levels.

Background: Fibroblasts in the fibrotic heart exhibit a heterogeneous biological behavior. The specific subsets of fibroblasts that contribute to progressive cardiac fibrosis remain unrevealed. Our aim is to identify the heart fibroblast (FB) subsets that most significantly promote fibrosis and the related critical genes as biomarkers for ischemic heart disease.

MSGU-Net: a lightweight multi-scale ghost U-Net for image segmentation.

U-Net and its variants have been widely used in the field of image segmentation. In this paper, a lightweight multi-scale Ghost U-Net (MSGU-Net) network architecture is proposed. This can efficiently and quickly process image segmentation tasks while generating high-quality object masks for each object.

Proteomic Identification and Functional Analysis of Reveals Heparin-Binding Proteins.

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) molecules on the surface of red blood cells play an important regulatory role in the invasion of merozoites of apicomplexan protozoa. Heparan sulfate, a type of GAG molecule, has been identified as an important receptor facilitating the invasion of red blood cells by these parasites. Proteins in the parasite that exhibit strong affinity for heparin may play a pivotal role in this invasion process.

Epidemiological study of HPV infection in 24,588 rural women in Luonan, China.

Cervical cancer is a significant public health issue for women, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates exhibiting regional variations throughout China. This study examined data from a cohort of 24,588 rural women who engaged in cervical cancer screening in Luonan County from 2021 to 2023, utilizing high-risk HPV (hrHPV) testing methodologies. The findings revealed an overall HPV positivity rate of 14.

Parkin deficiency aggravates inflammation-induced acute lung injury by promoting necroptosis in alveolar type II cells.

Background: Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death resulting in tissue inflammation due to the release of intracellular contents. Its role and regulatory mechanism in the context of acute lung injury (ALI) are unclear. Parkin (Prkn), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, has recently been implicated in the regulation of necroptosis.

Stripe charge order and its interaction with Majorana bound states in 2M-WS topological superconductors.

To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS, using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBSs are absent in vortices in the region with stripe order.

A genome-wide association study identified candidate regions and genes for commercial traits in a Landrace population.

Backfat thickness (BFT) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) are important commercial traits in the pig industry. With the increasing demand for human health and meat production, identifying functional genomic regions and genes associated with these commercial traits is critical for enhancing production efficiency. In this research, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on a Landrace population comprising 4,295 individuals with chip data for BFT and FCR.

Research on the Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Mechanical Ocular Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with mechanical ocular injuries, and the effects of worry and resilience on anxiety and depression.

Patients And Methods: Patients with one eye of mechanical ocular injuries and healthy residents were recruited from June 8, 2022, to March 1, 2023. All subjects participated in psychologically relevant questionnaires including the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS), the Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire(PSWQ).

Peptide platform for 3D-printed Ti implants with synergistic antibacterial and osteogenic functions to enhance osseointegration.

Bone defects caused by trauma, infection, or tumors present a major clinical challenge. Titanium (Ti) implants are widely used due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility; however, their high elastic modulus, low surface bioactivity, and susceptibility to infection hinder osseointegration and increase failure rates. There is an increasing demand for implants that can resist bacterial infection while promoting osseointegration.

Inflammation mediates the association between muscle mass and accelerated phenotypic aging: results from the NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: Muscle mass plays a pivotal role in health maintenance, yet its connection to biological aging remains underexplored. This study investigates the association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and phenotypic age(PhenoAge), while examining the mediating role of systemic inflammation.

Methods: The analysis included 7,440 participants from the NHANES 2011-2018.

Iridium(III) Blue Phosphors with Heteroleptic Carbene Cyclometalates: Isomerization, Emission Tuning, and OLED Fabrications.

Ir(III) complexes are particularly noted for their excellent photophysical properties in giving blue OLED phosphors. In this study, two distinctive carbene pro-chelates LAH2+ and LBH2+ (or LCH2+) were employed in preparation of heteroleptic Ir(III) complexes, to which LAH2+ bears a cyano substituted benzoimidazolium along with N-mesityl appendage, while LBH2+ (or LCH2+) carries the symmetrical benzoimidazolium entity. Notably, the reversible equilibration at high temperature was observed for m, f-ct14 and m, f-ct15 with a single LA chelate.

Preparation, Antifungal Activity Evaluation, and Mechanistic Studies of Unique and Structurally Novel Pyrazole-Heterocyclic-Amide Analogues.

Thirty-six novel pyrazole-heterocyclic-amide analogues were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The bioassay results showed that most target compounds exhibited good fungicidal activities against , , , , and at 20 μg/mL. Compounds , , , and possessed better fungicidal activities than the commercial fungicide prochloraz against .

Prognostic value of serum cholinesterase and 18F-FDG PET/CT-derived metabolic parameters in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to explore the prognostic significance of serum cholinesterase (CHE) and metabolic parameters obtained from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted with 202 NSCLC patients. Serum CHE was evaluated alongside metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) derived from PET/CT scans.

Coplanar Dimeric Acceptors with Bathochromic Absorption and Torsion-Free Backbones through Precise Fluorination Enabling Efficient Organic Photovoltaics with 18.63% Efficiency.

Giant dimeric acceptors (GDAs), a sub-type of acceptor materials for organic solar cells (OSCs), have garnered much attention due to the synergistic advantages of their monomeric and polymeric acceptors, forming a well-defined molecular structure with a giant molecular weight for high efficiency and stability. In this study, for the first time, two new GDAs, DYF-V and DY2F-V are designed and synthesized for OSC operation, by connecting one vinylene linker with the mono-/di-fluorinated end group on two Y-series monomers, respectively. After fluorination, both DYF-V and DY2F-V exhibit bathochromic absorption and denser packing modes due to the stronger intramolecular charge transfer effect and torsion-free backbones.

Unveiling Doping Kinetics in Cu(I) Metal Halides for Customized Luminescent Performance.

Intentional doping plays a pivotal role in customizing metal halides' electronic and optical features. This work manipulates the incorporation and distribution of Mn in Cu(I) halide by controlling the elemental steps involved in the growth-doping kinetics as well as investigates the localized lattice and electronic structures in different doping configurations. Complementary experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that a uniform and relatively high Mn doping level can be achieved by a step-tailored strategy that encompasses reducing the growth rate of the halide matrix, enhancing the surface adsorption of Mn, and facilitating the incorporation of the dopants.

Maternal exposure to fullerenols impairs placental development in mice by inhibiting estriol synthesis and reducing ERα.

Fullerenols, a water-soluble polyhydroxy derivative of fullerene, hold promise in medical and materials science due to their unique properties. However, concerns about their potential embryotoxicity remain. Using a pregnancy mouse model and metabolomics analysis, our findings reveal that fullerenols exposure during pregnancy not only significantly reduced mice placental weight and villi thickness, but also altered the classes and concentrations of metabolites in the mouse placenta.

Constructing a fall risk prediction model for hospitalized patients using machine learning.

Study Objectives: This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with falls in hospitalized patients, develop a predictive risk model using machine learning algorithms, and evaluate the validity of the model's predictions.

Study Design: A cross-sectional design was employed using data from the DRYAD public database.

Research Methods: The study utilized data from the Fukushima Medical University Hospital Cohort Study, obtained from the DRYAD public database.

The effect of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 5.2 infection on perioperative physiological indicators in orthopedic patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA. 5.2 (hereafter referred to as Omicron BA.

The speciation and thermal transformation characteristics of fluorine and chlorine in industrial wastes.

The study investigated the chlorine and fluorine contents in three types of industrial solid waste: textile, plastic, and paper waste, utilizing various analytical methods. Significant variations in the proportions of organic and inorganic chlorine were observed among the waste types. During heat treatment, the majority of chlorine converts to a volatile state, with fixed chlorine content showing a correlation with organic chlorine.

The efficacy and safety of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with esketamine after total hip arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of esketamine-based patient-controlled intravenous analgesia following total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A total of 135 total hip arthroplasty patients were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups: esketamine, sufentanil or continuous fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) group. The primary endpoint was the postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores at rest and on movement.

A mobile-based multidomain lifestyle intervention using Cognitive Evergreenland for older adults with subjective cognitive decline: a feasibility study.

Background: Dementia is a growing public health issue. Non-drug interventions targeting individuals before the onset of overt cognitive decline may be effective. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is present in > 50% of older adults and associated with progression to dementia.

Intraoperative ex-vivo epifluorescent diagnostics of stereotactic brain biopsies using EndoScell scanner: diagnostic accuracy study.

Brain biopsy is commonly employed for the histological diagnosis of complex intracranial diseases. To improve the positive diagnostic rate, the precision of intraoperative tissue sampling is critical. This study evaluated the accuracy of fluorescence imaging technology in rapidly distinguishing tumours from nontumour tissue during surgery, thus providing real-time feedback to surgeons and optimizing the surgical workflow.

A compendium of 8,176 bat RNA viral metagenomes reveals ecological drivers and circulation dynamics.

Bats are natural hosts for many emerging viruses for which spillover to humans is a major risk, but the diversity and ecology of bat viruses is poorly understood. Here we generated 8,176 RNA viral metagenomes by metatranscriptomic sequencing of organ and swab samples from 4,143 bats representing 40 species across 52 locations in China. The resulting database, the BtCN-Virome, expands bat RNA virus diversity by over 3.