A visible light-mediated, decarboxylative, desulfonylative Smiles rearrangement for general arylethylamine syntheses.

A decarboxylative, desulfonylative Smiles rearrangement is presented that employs activated-ester/energy transfer catalysis to decarboxylate β-amino acid derived starting materials at room-temperature under visible light irradiation. The radical Smiles rearrangement gives a range of biologically active arylethylamine products highly relevant to the pharmaceutical industry, chemical biology and materials science. The reaction is then applied to the synthesis of a chiral unnatural amino acid, 2-thienylalanine, used in the treatment of phenylketonuria.

Heterogeneity and clonal relationships of adaptive immune cells in ulcerative colitis revealed by single-cell analyses.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders driven by dysregulated immune responses against gut microbiota. We integrated single-cell RNA and antigen receptor sequencing to elucidate key components, cellular states, and clonal relationships of the peripheral and gastrointestinal mucosal immune systems in health and ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was associated with an increase in IgG1 plasma cells in colonic tissue, increased colonic regulatory T cells characterized by elevated expression of the transcription factor ZEB2, and an enrichment of a γδ T cell subset in the peripheral blood.

Outcomes of combined hip procedure with dual mobility cup versus osteosynthesis for acetabular fractures in elderly patients: a retrospective observational cohort study of fifty one patients.

Purposes: Acetabular fractures are more and more common in the elderly. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) may lead to poor outcomes and high revision rates. Primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) combined with internal fixation, also known as the combined hip procedure (CHP), associated with dual mobility cup (DM-CHP) could be an efficient procedure in selected elderly patients.

Development of a Ratiometric Fluorescent Glucose Sensor Using an Oxygen-Sensing Membrane Immobilized with Glucose Oxidase for the Detection of Glucose in Tears.

Glucose concentration is an important parameter in biomedicine since glucose is involved in many metabolic pathways in organisms. Many methods for glucose detection have been developed for use in various applications, particularly in the field of healthcare in diabetics. In this study, ratiometric fluorescent glucose-sensing membranes were fabricated based on the oxygen levels consumed in the glucose oxidation reaction under the catalysis of glucose oxidase (GOD).

Sitagliptin Increases Beta-Cell Function and Decreases Insulin Resistance in Newly Diagnosed Vietnamese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: To investigate effects of Sitagliptin on the enhancement of beta-cell function, reducing insulin resistance, serum glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations and blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and suggest one of the underlying mechanisms on beta-cell function and insulin resistance.

Patients And Methods: This was a cross-sectional and observational study in comparison to the control group. A study population of 44 newly diagnosed patients with T2D treated with Sitagliptin with a dose of 100 mg/day for 3 months was analyzed to compare 52 healthy participants.

Infected intradural dermoid cyst without dermal sinus tract mimicking brain abscess: A case report.

Introduction: Infection is a rare complication of intradural dermoid cyst. We reported an infected intradural dermoid cyst without dermal sinus tract mimicking brain abscess.

Presentation Of Case: A 4-year-old boy with no medical history complained of a palpable mass on his head.

Corneal Blindness in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Identify Challenges and Opportunities.

Purpose: To describe the causes and prevalence of moderate-to-severe visual impairment (MSVI) and blindness from corneal diseases, as well as corneal transplantation across Asia.

Methods: A meta-analysis of the published literature to identify population-based surveys conducted from 2008 to 2019 in 22 Asian countries regarding the prevalence and causes of MSVI and blindness from corneal disease, and a review of national corneal transplant data and eye bank statistics.

Results: A total of 5307 records were screened to identify 57 reports that were used to estimate a prevalence of MSVI and blindness caused by corneal diseases in Asia of 0.

Facilitators and barriers to a family empowerment strategy to improve healthcare worker hand hygiene in a resource-limited setting.

Objectives: The World Health Organization recommends empowering patients/families to remind healthcare workers (HCWs) to perform hand hygiene (HH). We sought to understand acceptability of a family empowerment strategy in a Vietnamese pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: With end-user input, we designed a tool to help families in a PICU in Vietnam to remind HCWs to perform HH.

Severity detection tool for patients with infectious disease.

Hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and tetanus are serious infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Tetanus, in particular, has a high mortality rate and its treatment is resource-demanding. Furthermore, HFMD often affects a large number of infants and young children.

Improving Efficacy of Endoscopic Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer: Gaps to Overcome from the Real-World Practice in Vietnam.

Objective: To identify factors associated with increased proportion of early gastric cancer to total detected gastric cancer among patients undergoing diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted across 6 central-type and 6 municipal-type Vietnamese hospitals. A questionnaire regarding annual esophagogastroduodenoscopy volume, esophagogastroduodenoscopy preparation, the use of image-enhanced endoscopy, and number of gastric cancer diagnosed in 2018 was sent to each hospital.

The emergence of plasmid-borne cfr-mediated linezolid resistant-staphylococci in Vietnam.

Objectives: Linezolid is one of the last resort antibiotics effectively used in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Recent outbreaks of Linezolid resistance have been the great concern worldwide, while many countries have not experienced it. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the existence of linezolid resistance and further clarify potential resistance mechanism(s) in staphylococcal isolates obtained from the hospital in Vietnam, a country in which linezolid resistance had not been previously detected.

A novel luciferase-linked antibody capture assay (LACA) for the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes the most common parasitic zoonosis worldwide in multiples species of mammals and birds. Although free-range chickens may play a role as an important reservoir for T. gondii, there is no reliable and commercially available diagnostic test for this disease in chickens.

Molecular Identification and Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of Species Collected in Southern Vietnam.

has been widely used not only as ornamental plants but also as food and medicines. The identification and evaluation of the genetic diversity of species support the conservation of genetic resources of endemic species. Uniquely identifying species used as medicines helps avoid misuse of medicinal herbs.

Methicillin resistant infective endocarditis presenting as neutrophilic meningoencephalitis.

Infective endocarditis (IE) with is associated with intravenous drug abuse or infected cardiac devices and commonly presents with non-specific constitutional symptoms. A 53-year-old female presented to the hospital with back pain, altered mental status, fever, and tachycardia. Due to patient's lethargy and decline in respiratory effort, she was intubated and lumbar puncture was performed that revealed neutrophil-predominant leukocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid.

The X-linked trichothiodystrophy-causing gene RNF113A links the spliceosome to cell survival upon DNA damage.

Prolonged cell survival occurs through the expression of specific protein isoforms generated by alternate splicing of mRNA precursors in cancer cells. How alternate splicing regulates tumor development and resistance to targeted therapies in cancer remain poorly understood. Here we show that RNF113A, whose loss-of-function causes the X-linked trichothiodystrophy, is overexpressed in lung cancer and protects from Cisplatin-dependent cell death.

Influenced by Anonymous Others: Effects of Online Comments on Risk Perception and Intention to Communicate.

Guided by the health risk communication literature and the social identity model of deindividualization effects, this study examines whether and how concurrent exposure to health news articles and congruent/incongruent comments posted by anonymous others may affect news viewers' personal risk perception, societal risk perception, and intention to communicate about health risk issues. Two controlled experiments were conducted in Vietnam concerning two controversial health risk issues, including ear picking and child corporal punishment. Results showed a significant interaction effect between comments and perceived similarity on personal risk perception and societal risk perception, such that comments influenced both types of risk perception when viewers perceived that anonymous commenters were ingroup members.

Highly potent intradermal vaccination by an array of dissolving microneedle polypeptide cocktails for cancer immunotherapy.

Despite recent advances in cancer therapy using vaccines, the efficacy of vaccine regimens remains to be improved. Cutaneous transportation of biomolecules, particularly DNA vaccines, has potentially improved the therapeutic efficacy and has been found to be an appealing approach in cancer immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of transdermal vaccination is limited by the lack of efficacious immune stimulation.

Metagenome Sequences from the Environment of Diseased Otter Clams, Lutraria rhynchaena, from a Farm in Vietnam.

Otter clam farming in Vietnam has recently encountered difficulties due to swollen-siphon disease. Here, we report the metagenome sequences of microorganisms extracted from the siphon tissue of infected otter clams. The data comprised bacterial and viral sequences which likely include those derived from the disease-causing agent.

Heart Rate Variability as an Indicator of Autonomic Nervous System Disturbance in Tetanus.

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ANSD) is a significant cause of mortality in tetanus. Currently, diagnosis relies on nonspecific clinical signs. Heart rate variability (HRV) may indicate underlying autonomic nervous system activity and represents a potentially valuable noninvasive tool for ANSD diagnosis in tetanus.

A family empowerment strategy is associated with increased healthcare worker hand hygiene in a resource-limited setting.

Background: Guidelines recommend empowering patients and families to remind healthcare workers (HCWs) to perform hand hygiene (HH). The effectiveness of empowerment tools for patients and their families in Southeast Asia is unknown.

Methods: We performed a prospective study in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a Vietnamese pediatric referral hospital.

Dispersion stability and biocompatibility of four ligand-exchanged NaYF: Yb, Er upconversion nanoparticles.

Surface modification to obtain high dispersion stability and biocompatibility is a key factor for bio-application of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). A systematic study of UCNPs modified with four hydrophilic molecules separately, comparing their dispersion stability in biological buffers and cellular biocompatibility is reported here. The results show that carboxyl-functionalized UCNPs (modified by 3,4-dihydrocinnamic acid (DHCA) or poly(monoacryloxyethyl phosphate (MAEP)) with negative surface charge have superior even-distribution in biological buffers compared to amino-functionalized UCNPs (modified by (aminomethyl)phosphonic (AMPA) or (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)) with positive surface charge.

Fabrication and Properties of Hybrid Coffee-Cellulose Aerogels from Spent Coffee Grounds.

A fully biodegradable hybrid coffee-cotton aerogel has been successfully developed from spent coffee grounds, 100% cotton fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) flakes via environmental friendly processes. The cotton fibers in coffee aerogel help to maintain the structure and improve the overall properties of the new hybrid coffee-cotton aerogel. The results show that increasing the concentration of fibers, while keeping the concentration of spent coffee grounds constant, the sinking of coffee ground particles in solution and shrinking effect on the aerogels are minimized and the overall mechanical and oil absorption properties are improved.

Genome sequence data of sp. SS52, an endophytic strain for daidzein biosynthesis.

We report here the biosynthesis of daidzein in sp. SS52, its genome sequence and the analysis of its genome for finding putative genes involved in daidzein biosynthesis. The sp.

Development of novel optical pH sensors based on coumarin 6 and nile blue A encapsulated in resin particles and specific support materials.

Inspired by traditional pH papers, two types of ratiometric fluorescent pH sensors for neutral and alkaline pH ranges were developed in this study by using two fluorescent dyes, coumarin 6 (C6) and nile blue A (NB). These dyes were encapsulated into melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin particles, which were then incorporated with polymer Nafion (Nf) or polyurethane hydrogel (PU) to prepare pH-sensing membranes. MF-C6 particles immobilized into polymer Nafion (i.