Analysis of Severe and Relapse Risks of Imported Malaria in Five Provinces of China.

Although China has achieved malaria elimination certification, the risk of malaria transmission reintroduction due to imported malaria remains. We analyzed data on imported malaria cases collected from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2021, using multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify the factors associated with severe and relapsing malaria. The odds of severe malaria were around 4-fold greater for patients who were initially diagnosed with a nonmalarial illness than for patients initially diagnosed with malaria.

Deciphering the climate-malaria nexus: A machine learning approach in rural southeastern Tanzania.

Objectives: Malaria remains a critical public health challenge, especially in regions like southeastern Tanzania. Understanding the intricate relationship between environmental factors and malaria incidence is essential for effective control and elimination strategies.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Challenge and opportunity for vector control strategies on key mosquito-borne diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Mosquito-borne diseases are major global health problems that threaten nearly half of the world's population. Conflicting resources and infrastructure required by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic have resulted in the vector control process being more demanding than ever. Although novel vector control paradigms may have been more applicable and efficacious in these challenging settings, there were virtually no reports of novel strategies being developed or implemented during COVID-19 pandemic.

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Africa and China's upgraded role as a contributor: a scoping review.

Background: Children under five are the vulnerable population most at risk of being infected with Plasmodium parasites, especially in the Sahel region. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), has proven to be a highly effective intervention to prevent malaria. Given more deaths reported during the COVID-19 pandemic than in previous years due to the disruptions to essential medical services, it is, therefore, necessary to seek a more coordinated and integrated approach to increasing the pace, coverage and resilience of SMC.

Strengthening capacity-building in malaria and schistosomiasis control under China-Africa cooperation: Assessing a case study of Burkina Faso.

Malaria and schistosomiasis are highly prevalent in Burkina Faso, whereas China has successfully eliminated malaria as well as schistosomiasis as a public health problem. To implement the China-Africa health cooperation initiative, a series of activities were launched since 2019 to enhance understanding and cooperation among malaria and schistosomiasis professionals in China and Burkina Faso. This study described the achievements of the First Virtual Symposium of China-Burkina Faso Cooperation on Schistosomiasis and Malaria Control.

Sterility of by X-ray Irradiation as an Alternative to γ-ray Irradiation for the Sterile Insect Technique.

The mosquito can transmit various arboviral diseases, posing a severe threat to human health. As an environmentally friendly method, sterile insect technology (SIT) is considered an alternative to traditional methods such as chemical pesticides to control . In SIT, the sterility of male mosquitoes can be achieved by γ-ray or X-ray radiation.

Implementing a novel capture and ligation probe-PCR method in mass screen and treatment to support malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region.

Background: Mass screening and treatment (MSAT) for malaria elimination lacks an ideal diagnostic tool to allow sensitive and affordable test of the target population in the field. This study evaluated whether Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR (CLIP-PCR) could be used in a field MSAT in Laiza City, Myanmar.

Methods: On day 0, two dried blood spots were collected from each participant.

Application of an innovative grid-based surveillance strategy to ensure elimination and prevent reintroduction of malaria in high-risk border communities in China.

Grid management is a grassroots governance strategy widely implemented in China since 2004 to improve the government's efficiency to actively find and solve problems among populated regions. A grid-based strategy surveillancing high-risk groups, including mobile and migrant populations (MMPs), in the China-Myanmar border region has played an indispensable role in promoting and consolidating the malaria elimination efforts by tracking and timely identification of potential importation or re-establishment of malaria among MMPs. A sequential mixed methods was implementated to explore the operational mechanism and best practices of the grid-based strategy including through the focus group discussions (FGDs), comparison of before and after the implementation of a grid-based strategy in the field sites, and data collection from the local health system.

China's long march to malaria elimination: a case of adaptive management.

Since the 1950s, China has transitioned from a malaria pandemic country with tens of millions of annual cases, through phases of local control and elimination, to sustained national malaria elimination efforts. This marks the first time a country in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific region has been certified malaria-free in more than 3 decades. This article provides an innovative approach to understanding China's malaria elimination journey.

Potential Capacity of China's development assistance for health on neglected tropical diseases.

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are important health problem in tropical and sub-tropical regions, which afflict more than a billion people worldwide and cause several million deaths every year, especially in Africa. The World Health Organization has called for global efforts to control and eliminate NTDs. China began its health assistance program from 1950s, especially on medical mission dispatched to more than 50 African countries.

Assessment of China's contributions to the Regional Network for Asian Schistosomiasis and Other Helminth Zoonoses: a questionnaire survey.

Background: The Regional Network for Asian Schistosomiasis and Other Helminth Zoonoses (RNAS) was established in 1998, which has developed close partnerships with Asian countries endemic for schistosomiasis and other helminthiasis in Asia. RNAS has provided an ideal regional platform for policy-makers, practitioners and researchers on the prevention, control and research of parasitic diseases in Asian countries. China, one of the initiating countries, has provided significant technical and financial support to the regional network.

Epidemiological characterization of malaria in rural southern Tanzania following China-Tanzania pilot joint malaria control baseline survey.

Background: Malaria is an important public health problem in Tanzania. The latest national malaria data suggests rebound of the disease in the country. Anopheles arabiensis, a mosquito species renowned for its resilience against existing malaria vector control measures has now outnumbered the endophagic and anthrophilic Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto as the dominant vector.

[Efficacy of Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR with#br# Pooling Strategy in Detection of Plasmodium spp.].

The capture and ligation probe-PCR（CLIP-PCR） with pooling strategy method and microscopy were applied on 100 clinical samples（7 positive and 93 negative samples） from the malaria reference laboratory in Yunnan Province. By calculating the detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, detection time and detection cost, the efficacy of the CLIP-PCR with pooling strategy method in detecting Plasmodium spp. was evaluated.

Economic cost analysis of malaria case management at the household level during the malaria elimination phase in The People's Republic of China.

Background: In China, malaria has been posing a significant economic burden on households. To evaluate malaria economic burden in terms of both direct and indirect costs has its meaning in improving the effectiveness of malaria elimination program in China.

Methods: A number of study sites (eight counties in five provinces) were selected from the malaria endemic area in China, representing the different levels of malaria incidence, risk classification, economic development.

Tackling air pollution and extreme climate changes in China: Implementing the Paris climate change agreement.

China still depends on coal for more than 60% of its power despite big investments in the process of shifting to nuclear, solar and wind power renewable energy resources alignment with Paris climate change agreement (Paris CCA). Chinese government through the Communist Party Central Committee (CPCC) ascribes great importance and commitment to Paris CCA legacy and history landmark implementation at all levels. As the world's biggest carbon dioxide emitter, China has embarked on "SMART" pollution and climate changes programs and measures to reduce coal-fired power plants to less than 50% in the next five years include: new China model of energy policies commitment on CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions reductions to less than 20% non-fossil energy use by 2030 without undermining their economic growth, newly introduced electric vehicles transportation benefits, interactive and sustained air quality index (AQI) monitoring systems, decreasing reliance on fossil fuel economic activities, revision of energy price reforms and renewable energy to less energy efficient technologies development.

[Establishment and application of monitoring and evaluation indicator framework for malaria elimination at province and county levels in China].

Objective: To establish a monitoring and evaluation indicator framework in the context of malaria elimination in pilot areas in China, so as to further assess the malaria elimination work in the future.

Methods: Based on the consultancy, and according to the government documents such as Action Plan for Malaria Elimination in China (2010-2020), Technical Guidance for Malaria Elimination, Programme Evaluation on Malaria Elimination, the indicators were set up at both provincial and county levels and their application was conducted in Yunnan and Anhui provinces to assess the accountability, accessibility and applicability.

Results: An indicator framework was built up including four key components, which were input, process, output and impact indicators, in which 95 were provincial indicators and 98 were county indicators.

Spatio-temporal analysis of malaria vectors in national malaria surveillance sites in China.

Background: To reveal the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria vectors in the national malaria surveillance sites from 2005 to 2010 and provide reference for the current National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) in China.

Methods: A 6-year longitudinal surveillance on density of malaria vectors was carried out in the 62 national malaria surveillance sites. The spatial and temporal analyses of the four primary vectors distribution were conducted by the methods of kernel k-means and the cluster distribution of the most widely distribution vector of An.