Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Grabloviruses in Free-Living Vitis spp.

The distribution and diversity of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) and wild Vitis virus 1 (WVV1) (genus Grablovirus; family Geminiviridae) were determined in free-living Vitis spp. in northern California and New York from 2013 to 2017. Grabloviruses were detected by polymerase chain reaction in 28% (57 of 203) of samples from California but in none of the 163 samples from New York.

Limited linkages of aboveground and belowground phenology: A study in grape.

Premise Of The Study: Plant phenology influences resource utilization, carbon fluxes, and interspecific interactions. Although controls on aboveground phenology have been studied to some degree, controls on root phenology are exceptionally poorly understood.

Methods: We used minirhizotrons to examine the timing of grape root production over 5 yr in Fredonia, New York, USA, in a humid continental climate; and over 3 yr in Oakville, California, USA, in a Mediterranean climate.

The role of micro-inflammation in the pathogenesis of uraemic pruritus in haemodialysis patients.

Background: Uraemic pruritus (UP) is still one of the most vexing and disabling symptoms in chronic renal failure. The pathogenesis of UP is obscure and effective therapeutic strategies are elusive. Deduced from partial successful treatment modalities, there is evidence that an alteration of the immune system with a pro-inflammatory pattern along with a deranged T-helper-cell differentiation may be involved in the pathogenesis of UP.

Canopy and environmental control of root dynamics in a long-term study of Concord grape.

Below-ground carbon allocation represents a substantial fraction of net photosynthesis in plants, yet timing of below-ground allocation and endogenous and exogenous factors controlling it are poorly understood. Minirhizotron techniques were used to examine root populations of Vitis labruscana Bailey cv. Concord under two levels of dormant-season canopy removal and irrigation.

Ecology and economic impact of two plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in commercial vineyards.

The current study investigated the seasonal phenology, spatial distribution, feeding damage and economic impact of two plant bugs, Lygocoris inconspicuous Knight and Taedia scrupeus Say, in commercial vineyards. For both plant bugs, densities of nymphs were higher on vines located near the edge of woodlots rather than in the interior of vineyards, which may be attributed to the presence of wild vines and other alternate host-plants in wooded areas. Nymphs of both species fed on apical leaves and developing fruit clusters of vine shoots, initiating development after swelling of buds in the spring and reaching the adult stage when vines were in bloom.

Sustaining continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis after herniotomy.

Controversy still exists as to whether peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment can be safely continued after herniotomy. Many nephrologists withhold PD treatment for several weeks after herniotomy for fear of dialysate leakage and hernia recurrence. Here, we report on 9 patients (2 women, 7 men) in whom herniotomy was performed for umbilical (n = 3), inguinal (n = 5), or cicatricial hernia (n = 2), or for open processus vaginalis (n = 2).

Effects of Powdery Mildew on Vine Growth, Yield, and Quality of Concord Grapes.

Vitis labruscana 'Concord' is a widely planted grape cultivar grown in the United States for processing into juice and other products. Concord fruit are sporadically but sometimes severely damaged by the grape powdery mildew pathogen, Uncinula necator. The effects of powdery mildew on vine growth, yield, and quality of Concord grapes at three levels of cropping intensity commonly found in commercial grape production were determined in vineyard studies.

Phthalic acid is the main metabolite of the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, and is therefore a major constituent of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) bags. Because DEHP is not chemically bound, it leaches out of the plastic matrix. Recently, we found that leukocyte function in vitro is impaired by a mixture of metabolites of DEHP.

[Cervical actinomycosis in systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrocalcinosis and distal renal tubular acidosis (type I-RTA)].

History And Clinical Findings: A 25-year-old woman presented with a painful soft-tissue swelling in the right neck, which made it impossible to assess the right cervical lymph nodes, while other lymph nodes were unremarkable on palpation. For 9 years she had been known to have polyarthritis. All joints were freely mobile and were without deformity or inflammatory signs.

Severe thrombocytopenia and response to corticosteroids in a case of nephropathia epidemica.

Nine days after working in the woods, a previously healthy 32-year-old man fell seriously ill. His symptoms included high fever, chills, diffuse myalgia, severe headache, and back pain. On the fifth day of onset of symptoms, blood tests showed creatinine levels of 5.

The yeast RNA1 gene product necessary for RNA processing is located in the cytosol and apparently excluded from the nucleus.

The yeast RNA1 gene is required for RNA processing and nuclear transport of RNA. The rna1-1 mutation of this locus causes defects in pre-tRNA splicing, processing of the primary pre-rRNA transcript, production of mRNA and export of RNA from the nucleus to the cytosol. To understand how this gene product can pleiotropically affect these processes, we sought to determine the intracellular location of the RNA1 protein.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is a disease occurring in otherwise healthy children. An understanding of the physiologic process of the disease and the purpose of various forms of treatment is essential for nurses caring for these children and their families. Nurses are in a position to assist the child and family to cope with the alterations in lifestyle that result from treatment of Perthes disease.

Limb lengthening with the Ilizarov external fixator.

The Ilizarov External Fixator is used to lengthen or widen bones, to correct angular or rotational defects, or to immobilize fractures. This article discusses techniques of application and care of the device; physiology and mechanics of limb lengthening and bone regeneration; and nursing strategies to achieve patient compliance and prevent complications.

Characterization of an essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene related to RNA processing: cloning of RNA1 and generation of a new allele with a novel phenotype.

The RNA1 gene product is believed to be involved in RNA metabolism due to the phenotype of a single conditionally lethal, temperature-sensitive allele, rna1-1. We cloned the RNA1 gene and determined that it produces a 1,400-nucleotide polyadenylated transcript. On a multicopy plasmid, the mutant rna1-1 allele partially complements the rna1-1 temperature-sensitive growth defect.

A double base change in alternate base pairs induced by ultraviolet irradiation in a glycine transfer RNA gene.

The glyUsuAGA mutation affects Escherichia coli tRNA Gl y GGG, changing it to an AGA missense suppressor tRNA. Sequence studies have shown that the mutation involves a double base subsitution at the first and third positions of the tRNA anticodon, the result being a change in the anticodon from CCC to UCU. A system has been developed to facilitate the detection of this novel mutation, and we have shown that ultraviolet irradiation and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) are effective in causing the double base change.