Antibiofilm Action of ZnO, SnO and CeO Nanoparticles Towards Grampositive Biofilm Forming Pathogenic Bacteria.

Background: The ability to form biofilm and produce several virulence factors has caused numerous human pathogens to become tremendously resistant towards traditional antibiotic treatments, thus, new alternative strategies are urgently in demand. One of the strategies that have recently been developed involves the application of metallic Nanoparticles (NPs). Up to the present, promising results in terms of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities have been observed in a wide range of metal NPs.