Metastatic Melanoma of the Common Bile Duct Presented with Dyspepsia.

Malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive tumor that can metastasize to any organ, but biliary tract metastasis is scarce. We describe a very rare case of MM metastasis to the common bile duct (CBD), presented with only dyspeptic symptoms. The patient had mildly elevated alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels.

Macrophage activation syndrome in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis on anti-interleukin-1 or -6 therapy.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of anti-interleukin (IL)-1/-6 biologics on systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA)-associated macrophage activation syndrome (MAS).

Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients followed up with a diagnosis of sJIA-associated MAS assessed from sixteen paediatric rheumatology centres across the country. The clinical and laboratory features of MAS developing while on biological drugs were compared with those without this treatment.

Urine exosome mRNA-based test for monitoring kidney allograft rejection: Effects of sample transportation and storage, and interference substances.

Background: Exosomes are 30-150 nm nanovesicles with sophisticated nucleic acids cargo, actively secreted by all cells within human body, and found in abundance in all body fluids, including urine. These extracellular vesicles have tremendous potential for next generation diagnostics, theoretically enabling noninvasive assessment of organ and tissue function liquid biopsy analysis.

Aim: Recently, feasibility of an exosomal molecular test was demonstrated for post-organ transplant monitoring: Analysis of urine-derived exosomal mRNA cargo allowed early detection of kidney allograft rejection.

Effect of Locoregional Treatments in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Are the Pathologic/Radiologic Milan Criteria?

Objectives: Milan criteria is the most commonly used criteria for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma awaiting liver transplant. The effects of locoregional therapy on downstaging or bridging before liver transplant on survival remain controversial. Considering that the tumor size may change with locoregional therapy and formalin fixation after explantation, we aimed to evaluate the effects of locoregional therapy on radiological and pathological Milan criteria and survival.

Internal versus external biliary drainage in malignant biliary obstructions: is there a difference in the rate of infection?

Background: Percutaneous biliary drainage is a frequently used method to provide biliary decompression in patients with biliary obstruction.

Purpose: To investigate the between drainage type and infection risk in patients treated with internal-external and external biliary drainage catheterization for malignant biliary obstruction.

Material And Methods: A total of 410 patients with malignant biliary obstruction who underwent internal-external or external biliary drainage catheterization between January 2012 and October 2016 were retrospectively evaluated.

Evaluation of the Trend of Biochemical Functions in the Early Period After Cadaveric Liver Transplantation.

Background: Monitoring biochemical parameters to detect early complications after liver transplantation (LT) is important. Thus, we aimed to investigate parameter trends indicating liver function in patients who did not develop complications after cadaveric LT.

Methods: A total of 266 cadaveric LT operations performed by a single center between 2007-2022 were included in the study.

Evaluation of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for Prediction of the Development of Brain Death in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Objectives: Intracranial hemorrhage results in an increase in intracranial pressure, which is considered to be the leading cause of brain death. Follow-up of these patients and early recognition of possible brain death are important for organ donation. It has been shown that increased intracranial pressure is proportional to the changes in optic nerve sheath diameter.

Triamterene Functions as an Effective Nonsense Suppression Agent for MPS I-H (Hurler Syndrome).

Mucopolysaccharidosis I-Hurler (MPS I-H) is caused by the loss of α-L-iduronidase, a lysosomal enzyme that degrades glycosaminoglycans. Current therapies cannot treat many MPS I-H manifestations. In this study, triamterene, an FDA-approved, antihypertensive diuretic, was found to suppress translation termination at a nonsense mutation associated with MPS I-H.

Duration of operation and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) is an independent risk factor for surgical site infections after liver transplantation.

Objectives: Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common complications after liver transplantation (LT). Although there are some risk factors known in the literature after LT, the available data is insufficient for routine use. In the present study, it was aimed to define the parameters that may be used to clearly determine the risk of SSI after LT in our clinic.

Does Liver Transplant Improve Neurological Symptoms in Wilson Disease? Report of 24 Cases.

Objectives: Wilson disease is an inherited disorder that results in copper accumulation in the tissues with liver injury and failure. Orthotopic liver transplant is one of the treatments of choice for this disease. The aim of this study was to compare the neurological symptoms, before and after orthotopic livertransplant, of patients with liver cirrhosis due to Wilson disease, who represent a special group of patients with liver failure.

Comparison of severity and complication rates of acute cholecystitis during pandemic and pre-pandemic periods?

Background: Cancellations of surgeries for elective cases and late admissions of symptomatic cases during the pandemic period might have increased the number of cases of acute cholecystitis and its complications.

Purpose: To compare the severity of acute cholecystitis and complication rates during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.

Material And Methods: We evaluated the computed tomography (CT) findings observed for the diagnosis of complications for both acute simple and acute complicated cholecystitis during both the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods.

Blood-Based Biomarkers in Afp Normal/Stable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic and Prognostic Relevance of Mir-10b for Patients on Liver Transplant List.

Background: As a diagnostic criteria of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the exact threshold of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is controversial. In additional, not all HCC tumors are AFP positive or secrete elevated amounts of AFP into the serum. However, the diagnosis of HCC is quite important on the liver transplant list.

Erratum to `Tuberculosis risk in the biologic era: tuberculin skin test conversion rates in children with rheumatologic diseases` [Turk J Pediatr 2021; 63: 978-985].

This article is corrected. DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.

Tuberculosis risk in the biologic era: tuberculin skin test conversion rates in children with rheumatologic diseases.

Background: The widespread use of biological treatments has increased the frequency of opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). The primary objective of our study was to determine the rate of tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion during biological therapy. The secondary objective was to monitor the side effects related to isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis, in the selected subgroup.

Frequency of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and associated uveitis in pediatric rheumatology clinics in Turkey: A retrospective study, JUPITER.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is the most common pediatric rheumatologic disorder with unknown etiology. Currently, no population-based data are available regarding the distribution of categories and frequency of uveitis in patients with JIA in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of JIA-associated uveitis (JIAU) and distribution of JIA categories in a Turkish JIA cohort.

Myelitis After Liver Transplant: A Case Report.

We report a case of neurotoxicity as a side effect of a calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus), which is used as an immunosuppressive drug after liver transplant. Our patient had chronic hepatic failure due to Budd-Chiari syndrome and underwent a liver transplant after an appropriate deceased donor organ was obtained. After organ transplant surgery, he was kept under the effect of an immunosuppressive drug (tacrolimus) with daily control of the level of drug in his blood to avoid drug toxicity.

Does Familial Mediterranean Fever Provoke Atherosclerosis in Children? Evaluation of Arterial Stiffness and Serum Endocan Levels.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk for atherosclerosis by using echocardiographic arterial stiffness (AS) parameters and serum endocan levels, as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in children with FMF.

Methods: Seventy-nine children with FMF (12-18 years) and 41 healthy children were included, and clinical features (age at the first attack, age at the time of diagnosis, diagnosis delay time, colchicine dose, biological agent usage, MEFV mutations, and symptoms of attacks) of patients were noted. Arterial stiffness parameters were calculated by using echocardiographic aortic measurements with blood pressure monitoring.

Liver Transplantation in Alstrom Syndrome: A Case Report.

Alstrom syndrome is a genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance and multiple organ failure. Hearing loss, childhood obesity, diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are common disorders in this disease. Degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ranges from benign steatosis to cirrhosis.

Enlightening the neuroprotective effect of quercetin in epilepsy: From mechanism to therapeutic opportunities.

Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of epileptic seizures. Epilepsy stands as a global health concern affecting around 70 million people worldwide. The mainstream antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) only exert symptomatic relief and drug-resistant epilepsy occurs in up to 33 percent of patients.

Do morphologic characteristics play a role in nodal metastatic progression of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are tumors with histopathologic and prognostic heterogeneity that pose difficulties in establishing standards for diagnosis, classification, and treatment. Among NENs, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have been classified as grade 1, 2, and 3 in the most recently released World Health Organization classification. Although well-differentiated NETs are associated with relatively better prognosis, they have a potential for malignant behavior such as extrapancreatic spread, metastasis, or recurrence.

Obesity is associated with severe clinical course in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the role of obesity on the clinical course and response to treatment in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP).

Methods: Data charts of children with HSP followed in a tertiary hospital between 2000 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Persistent purpura was defined as skin involvement persisting for ≥ 30 days.

Effect of High Fructose Corn Sirup on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Induced by Dimethyl Benzantracene (DMBA) in Rats.

Increased risk of pancreatic cancer may be associated with consumption of sugar containing foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of peach nectar containing high fructose corn sirup (HFCS) consumption in a pancreatic carcinogenesis rat model induced by 7,12-Dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA). Fifty-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with peach nectar containing HFCS + chow, peach nectar containing sucrose + chow and only chow.