Spontaneous closure of small full-thickness macular holes: Presumed role of Müller cells.

Purpose: To document with spectral domain optical coherence tomography the formation and spontaneous closure of small full-thickness macular holes and to propose the active role of Müller cells in macular hole closure.

Methods: A retrospective case series of five patients with spontaneous closure of macular holes is reviewed. In one patient, foveal images were recorded over a period of 18 months.

A prospective pilot study using a low power piggy-back toric implantable Collamer lens to correct residual refractive error after multifocal IOL implantation.

Purpose: To assess whether residual refractive error after in-the-bag multifocal intraocular lens (mIOL) implantation can efficaciously and safely be corrected with a piggy-back low power Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (VTICL, STAAR Surgical) placed in the ciliary sulcus.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four eyes of 23 patients (mean age: 57.5 years) with diminished uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of ≥2 lines due to residual refractive error after mIOL implantation were included in the study.

UVA irradiation of riboflavin generates oxygen-dependent hydroxyl radicals.

Objectives/methods: The aim of this study was to verify the formation of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) after ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation of riboflavin (RF) by spin trapping with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), and electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Results: We found that ·OH were generated via hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) formation during UVA irradiation of RF. The ·OH radicals were trapped with DMPO yielding 2-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (·DMPO-OH).

Evaluation of central corneal thickness after cataract surgery, penetrating keratoplasty and long-term soft contact lens wear.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare central corneal thickness (CCT) between corneas of normal healthy eyes (cNHE), corneas of eyes that had undergone cataract surgery by clear corneal phacoemulsification with implantation of an intracapsular intraocular lens (cIOL), corneal grafts after penetrating keratoplasty (gPK) and corneas of long-term soft contact lens wearers (cCL).

Methods: The study design was a consecutive cross-sectional trial. CCT was measured using rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, software version 1.

[Multicentric study regarding assessment of the driving ability of LASIK and orthokeratology patients compared with conventionally corrected persons].

Purpose: Corneal optical zone induced by LASIK and orthokeratology (Ortho-K) treatment modifies the refraction of the incoming light bundle in its border area in situations of dawn and darkness. Considering the legal regulations of the driver's license and the recommendations of the German Society of Ophthalmology (DOG) and the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), the vision for driving suitability of ortho-K patients is tested and compared with that of LASIK patients and a reference group (juvenile: < 30 years, adult: > 40 years) under different criterions. The examination of the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity are main topics of the study.

[Influence of corneal biomechanical properties on myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis].

Background: Laser in situ keratomileusis is a safe and accepted method for correcting myopia. The operational results in terms of accuracy as well as the subjective acceptance of patients for corrections to - 8 D are now considered to be promising (Seiler, Refraktive Chirurgie der Hornhaut, 2000); however, postoperative results show individual patient problems in long-term stability. It is believed that the preoperative condition of the cornea (e.

[Biometry of the anterior eye segment for implantation of phakic anterior chamber lenses. A comparison of current measurement devices].

Background: Implantation of phakic intraocular lenses (pIOL) is gaining in importance. Exact measurement of the anterior chamber is important to assure safe and effective pIOL implantation. In this study six currently available diagnostic devices were tested in order to compare accuracy of measurements (anterior chamber depth and diameter) and ease of handling.

[LASIK - a new treatment or the standard].

Classification of LASIK in refractive surgery and treatment by health insurance, and education by the physician. Results in clinical studies and case law in Germany 2010.

Surface quality of porcine corneal lenticules after Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction.

Purpose: To determine the surface characteristics of porcine corneal lenticules after Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction.

Methods: The Carl Zeiss Meditec AG VisuMax® femtosecond laser system was used to create refractive corneal lenticules on 10 freshly isolated porcine eyes. The surface regularity on the corneal lenticules recovered was evaluated by assessing scanning electron microscopy images using an established scoring system.

Surface quality of human corneal lenticules after femtosecond laser surgery for myopia comparing different laser parameters.

Background: To determine the surface characteristics of human corneal lenticules after femtosecond laser surgery for myopia.

Methods: The Carl Zeiss Meditec AG VisuMax® femtosecond laser system was used for refractive correction called Femtosecond Lenticule Extraction on 24 myopic eyes. The surface regularity on the refractive corneal lenticules recovered was evaluated by assessing scanning electron microscopy images using an established scoring system.

[Unilateral papilledema with contralateral loss of vision].

A 46-year-old woman presented with a 4-day history of headache, dizziness and blurred vision in the left eye and a 1-year history of neck pain. Fundoscopy revealed a pale optic disc in the left eye and a swollen optic disc in the right eye. Furthermore a bilateral anosmia was evident.

Identification of a novel mutation in the cornea specific keratin 12 gene causing Meesmann's corneal dystrophy in a German family.

Purpose: To report a novel missense mutation of the cornea specific keratin 12 (KRT12) gene in two generations of a German family diagnosed with Meesmann;s corneal dystrophy.

Methods: Ophthalmologic examination of the proband and sequencing of keratin 3 (KRT3) and KRT12 of the proband and three other family members were performed. Restriction enzyme analysis was used to confirm the detected mutation in affected individuals of the family.

[Scanning electron microscopic characteristics of lamellar keratotomies using the Femtec femtosecond laser and the Zyoptix XP microkeratome. A comparison of quality].

Objective: To demonstrate the qualities and compare the typical features of cut surfaces and cut edges created by the Femtec femtosecond laser and the Zyoptix XP microkeratome, using scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures.

Methods: Lamellar keratotomies were performed using a femtosecond laser (40 kHz) or a microkeratome on freshly enucleated porcine eyes (n=16, eight each per technique). After special preparation, SEM images were taken to evaluate the qualities of the cut surfaces and cut edges.

[Mutational analysis of VSX-1 in one patient with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy and in three families with hereditary Fuchs endothelial dystrophy].

Background: Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is the most common disease of the corneal endothelium. Besides some sporadic cases, an autosomal dominant inheritance is frequently described. Mutations in the VSX-1 gene are identified as the underlying gene defect for a rarer kind of endothelial dystrophy, posterior polymorphous endothelial dystrophy.

[Clinical course of a solitary retinal astrocytoma].

Retinal astrocytomas are benign tumors of the retina. Their localization can be solitary, multiple, or bilateral in both eyes. It is also known that they can be part of a phakomatosis syndrome (i.

[Unusual myopic fundus alteration].

A 44-year-old female patient reported a "black dot" which had been in front of the right eye for more than 4 days and which moved together with eye movements. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) image of the right macula showed large cystic cavities and thickening within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) near the fovea centralis as well as small bore cystic alterations, which indicated an event in the region of the choroid. Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography excluded choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

[Results of low-vision rehabilitation in vision impaired patients].

Purpose: Diseases of the retina, the optic nerve and the cornea may lead to a non-treatable loss of central vision. We report on low vision rehabilitation in 100 vision impaired patients.

Methods: Low vision rehabilitation was performed in 100 consecutive patients (61 % AMD, 23 % diabetic retinopathy, 16 % other diseases).