Successful Antiviral Treatment for Chronic Adenoiditis Caused by Herpes Virus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND The adenoids are lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx and play a role in upper-airway immunity. Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis, which can cause a variety of symptoms. This is a common condition and is due to acute viral or bacterial infection.

Development and validation of a deep learning model for improving detection of nonmelanoma skin cancers treated with Mohs micrographic surgery.

Background: Real-time review of frozen sections underpins the quality of Mohs surgery. There is an unmet need for low-cost techniques that can improve Mohs surgery by reliably corroborating cancerous regions of interest and surgical margin proximity.

Objective: To test that deep learning models can identify nonmelanoma skin cancer regions in Mohs frozen section specimens.

Diagnostic criteria in 72 women with erosive vulvovaginal lichen planus.

Background: Erosive vulvovaginal lichen planus (EVLP) is a chronic, painful dermatosis affecting mucocutaneous sites. Clinicopathological diagnostic criteria have been described on the basis of expert consensus. The aim of this study was to review the presentation of EVLP, particularly assessing the frequency of suggested diagnostic criteria.

Dorsal root ganglionopathy is responsible for the sensory impairment in CANVAS.

Objective: To elucidate the neuropathology in cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS), a novel cerebellar ataxia comprised of the triad of cerebellar impairment, bilateral vestibular hypofunction, and a peripheral sensory deficit.

Method: Brain and spinal neuropathology in 2 patients with CANVAS, together with brain and otopathology in another patient with CANVAS, were examined postmortem.

Results: Spinal cord pathology demonstrated a marked dorsal root ganglionopathy with secondary tract degeneration.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare haematological malignancy that originates from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. It commonly presents with findings isolated to the skin although it usually progresses to a leukaemic phase. It has a poor prognosis but is curable, particularly in younger patients treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

A puzzling case: SCC or not?

We present a 37-year-old woman who underwent extensive facial surgery for removal of multiple eruptive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-like lesions resembling invasive SCC histologically. The patient's mother had undergone numerous surgical procedures and radiotherapy for facial SCC. A review of the histology and immunohistochemistry for DNA mismatch repair proteins excluded Muir-Torre syndrome.

Primary orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

The authors describe a case of orbital extraskeletal osteosarcoma. A 78-year-old man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis on long-term corticosteroids had a left medial canthal basal cell carcinoma excision followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Twelve months later, he re-presented with a large rapidly-growing calcified mass involving his left medial canthus and orbit.

A can of red herrings.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a rare disease. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody is more commonly found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and less frequently in some of the other rheumatic and non-rheumatic conditions. It is not recognized to be present in lymphoproliferative disease on its own.

Metastasis of breast cancer to a lumbar spinal nerve root ganglion.

Study Design: A case report of a surgically treated metastasis of breast cancer to the L2 nerve root ganglion.

Objectives: To report of an uncommon site of metastasis as the first manifestation of distant hematogenous spread of breast cancer mimicking a benign lesion.

Summary Of Background Data: Although metastatic disease is a common condition there are limited reports of metastases to the spinal nerve root ganglion.

Pseudochromhidrosis: blue discolouration of the head and neck.

A 57-year-old man is presented with blue pseudochromhidrosis affecting the face and neck following combination treatment with lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, and ranitidine, a type two histamine receptor antagonist. The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinico-histological features and growth of Malassezia furfur, and Bacillus species, not Bacillus cereus, in the absence of lipofuscin. The pseudochromhidrosis resolved on stopping both medications and did not recur on restarting only the proton pump inhibitor.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis: an emerging important cause for undiagnosed dysphagia.

Background: The finding of an eosinophilic infiltration of the oesophageal epithelium has long been thought to be a result of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. The association between this finding, an abnormal endoscopic appearance to the oesophagus with ridges and furrows in the oesophagus, and an association with recurrent food impactions in young men has also been described. It was first proposed that this was a distinct clinicopathological syndrome in 1993.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis with a negative transesophageal echocardiogram.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a recognised complication of malignancy (occurring in 0.3-9.3% of patients in autopsy series), and is most commonly associated with lung cancer.