Leisure-time physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults - The ELSA-Brasil study.

Objectives: Dementia is a fast-growing public health problem. This study examined the association of physical activity and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) with the risk of cognitive impairment.

Study Design: Multicentric, prospective cohort study.

Telephone lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus attending the national health system: the LINDA-Brasil clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate a postpartum telephone-based lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes in high-risk women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Design: Multicentre parallel randomised clinical trial.

Setting: Specialised antenatal clinics in the Brazilian National System.

The McKenzie Method delivered by credentialed therapists for chronic low back pain with directional preference: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the McKenzie Method compared to any conservative interventions on pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) with directional preference (DP).

Methods: We searched six electronic databases up to September 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials were those assessing the McKenzie Method delivered by credentialed therapists for chronic LBP with DP.

Noncommunicable disease burden in Brazil and its states from 1990 to 2021, with projections for 2030.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the burden of disease due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) between 1990 and 2021 in Brazil. In addition, this study compared mortality from NCDs with mortality from all causes and COVID-19, analysed NCD mortality trends and projections for 2030, and analysed NCD mortality rates and risk factors attributed to these deaths among the 27 states of Brazil.

Study Design: Ecological studies.

Meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes: an individual-participant federated meta-analysis of 1·97 million adults with 100 000 incident cases from 31 cohorts in 20 countries.

Background: Meat consumption could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, evidence is largely based on studies of European and North American populations, with heterogeneous analysis strategies and a greater focus on red meat than on poultry. We aimed to investigate the associations of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with type 2 diabetes using data from worldwide cohorts and harmonised analytical approaches.

Chain-length dependent organisation in mixtures of hydrogenous and fluorous ionic liquids.

As part of an ongoing study of the structure and properties of mixtures of ionic liquids in which one component has a hydrocarbon chain and the other a semiperfluorocarbon chain, we now report a study of the mixtures [CMIM][CMIM-F][TfN], [CMIM][CMIM-F][TfN] and [CMIM][CMIM-F][TfN], where [CMIM][TfN] is 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [CMIM][TfN] is 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [CMIM-F][TfN] is 1-(1,1,2,2-perfluorooctyl)-3-methylimidizolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and [CMIM-F][TfN] is 1-(1,1,2,2-perfluorodecyl)-3-methylimidizolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. The mixtures were investigated using small-angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutron (SANS) scattering complemented by molecular dynamics simulations (with viscosity and surface tension measurements also possible for the mixtures [CMIM][CMIM-F][TfN]). Unlike previous studies of [CMIM][CMIM-F][TfN], where no strong evidence of alkyl/fluoroalkyl chain segregation or triphilic behaviour was seen (Elstone , , 2023, 127, 7394-7407), these new mixtures show the formation of small aggregates of varying sizes of each component, even though all were co-miscible across the full range of compositions.

The Development of the Municipal Registry of People with Diabetes in Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Diabetes registries that enhance surveillance and improve medical care are uncommon in low- and middle-income countries, where most of the diabetes burden lies. We aimed to describe the methodological and technical aspects adopted in the development of a municipal registry of people with diabetes using local and national Brazilian National Health System databases. We obtained data between July 2018 and June 2021 based on eight databases covering primary care, specialty and emergency consultations, medication dispensing, outpatient exam management, hospitalizations, and deaths.

Gold(III), Mercury(II), and Palladium(II) Complexes of a Series of Isomeric Bis(mono- and dialkoxyphenyl)pyridines: Introduction of Gold through Transmetalation and Catalysis.

A series of isomeric bis-2,6-(monoalkoxyphenyl)pyridine and bis-2,6-(dialkoxyphenyl)pyridine ligands were synthesized and characterized. In order to prepare their chlorogold(III) complexes, intermediate chloromercury(II) complexes were first prepared, but unlike observations from previous studies where they were obtained impure and at best in moderate yield, here pure complexes were synthesized, many in rather high yields. Depending on the substitution pattern of the alkoxy chains on the ligands, mono- and/or dimercurated complexes were obtained, characterized by H, C{H}, and Hg NMR spectroscopy as well as, in several cases, by X-ray crystallography.

Correction: On the mercuration, palladation, transmetalation and direct auration of a C^N^C pincer ligand.

Correction for 'On the mercuration, palladation, transmetalation and direct auration of a C^N^C pincer ligand' by Alice Jane McEllin , , 2023, , 872-876, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dt04114f.

Salt Intake in Adults with Diabetes and Hypertension: The Longitudinal Study of Adult Health-Brasil Study.

Hypertension and type-2 diabetes are strong risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and their management requires lifestyle changes, including a shift in dietary habits. The consumption of salt has increased in the last decades in some countries, but its association with type-2 diabetes remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to estimate the amount of salt intake among adults with and without diabetes and to assess whether concomitant hypertension and diabetes are associated with higher salt intake.

Dynapenia and sarcopenia: association with the diagnosis, duration and complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus in ELSA-Brasil.

Sarcopenia (the loss of muscle mass, strength and skeletal muscle function) increases mortality and the risk of hospitalization in the older population. Although it is known that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of dynapenia and sarcopenia, few studies have investigated these conditions in middle-aged populations. The objective of this study was to investigate whether T2DM, its duration, the presence of albuminuria, and glycemic control are associated with sarcopenia and its components in adults.

Liquid-crystalline circularly polarised fluorescent emitters with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor.

Chiral liquid-crystalline emitters based on 9,9-dimethyl-10-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)-9,10-dihydroacridine and a functionalised binaphthol show smectic liquid crystal phases and circularly polarised blue fluorescence with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor || of 0.13. Solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on the enantiomers were explored.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity May Attenuate the Impact of Diabetes on Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Findings From the ELSA-Brasil Study.

Objective: To assess leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) as a modifier of the diabetes/cognitive decline association in middle-aged and older participants in the Estudo Longitudinal de Saude do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) study.

Research Design And Methods: ELSA-Brasil is a cohort of 15,105 participants (age 35-74 years) enrolled between 2008 and 2010. We evaluated global cognitive function, summing the scores of six standardized tests evaluating memory and verbal fluency, including the Trail-Making Test, at baseline and follow-up.

Achievement of Treatment Goals and Mortality in Individuals with Diabetes: The ELSA-Brasil Study.

Background: To prevent diabetes complications, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) has recommended the treatment of blood glucose, blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) to target levels. Our aim is to characterize the risk of death according to the achievement of these goals in subjects with diabetes participating in the ELSA-Brasil study.

Methods: ELSA-Brasil is an occupational cohort study of middle-aged and elderly adults followed from a 2008-2010 baseline to 2019 by two additional clinic visits and annual telephone interviews.

Liquid-crystalline circularly polarised TADF emitters for high-efficiency, solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes.

Achieving a high emission efficiency and a large luminescence asymmetry factor () in a single molecule exhibiting circularly polarised thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP-TADF) remains a formidable challenge. In this work, a proof-of-concept, liquid-crystalline CP-TADF molecule is proposed to realise high by taking advantage of the order inherent in liquid crystals. Employing a chiral dinaphthol-based CP-TADF molecule as the emissive unit, a pair of liquid-crystalline CP-TADF molecules (R/S-4) is synthesised the introduction of six mesogenic moieties.

Association between ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: the ELSA-Brasil cohort.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in various high-income countries, with some variation in the magnitude across studies. Our objective was to investigate the association of UPF consumption and specific subgroups with incident type 2 diabetes in Brazilian adults.

Methods: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a multicenter cohort study of 15,105 adults (35-74 years) enrolled in public institutions in Brazil (2008-2010).

Percentiles of predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk by sex and age in Brazil and their association with estimated risk of long-term atherosclerotic events.

Objective: Expressing the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in relation to peers may complement the estimation of absolute CVD risk. We aimed to determine 10-year CVD risk percentiles by sex and age in the Brazilian population and evaluate their association with estimated long-term atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the ELSA-Brasil study was conducted in individuals aged 40-74 years without prior ASCVD.