[Organoleptic properties of a new sweetening agent formulation based on aspartame and xylitol].

In orderto find a new sweetner, different products such as xylitol, aspartame, saccharin, lactose and sucrose are tested by a panel of trained subjects. To determine sweetness intensity, we use the multiple paired comparison technique: each judge tested 9 pairs of samples, in each pair one sample is a sucrose solution at a fixed concentration (20 g/l or 60 g/l) and the other solution is made with a sweetner at a variable concentration, but near the reference. The results are in accordance with the data in the literature.

[Treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension by an association of tyramine and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (author's transl)].

Metabolic and hormonal tests to assess plasma renin, aldosterone, and catecholamine activity were conducted in three patients with idiopathic orthostatic hypotension. Blood pressure readings were then taken in decubitus and orthostatism during treatment with 10 to 15 mg of tyramine and 30 mg of tranylcypromine. Marked functional improvement was observed, with an increase in mean blood pressure in decubitus and a less marked reduction in orthostatism avoiding the onset of severe discomfort.

[Children's mandible fractures (author's transl)].

At Lyon's Maxillo-facial Surgery Center, children's mandible fractures represent 8% treated fractures at admited sick people (35 children for 56 fractures) for 1976-77-78. We insist on the treatment used in our center for articular region fractures: mandibular gymnastic in propulsion and laterality with a good result, orthopedic treatment only in case of gymnastic's failure. The other anatomic types are treated by orthopedic, surgical or mixed method, according to teething age, and fracture's diastasis.

[Treatment of large mandibular cysts (author's transl)].

Apart from certain particular types of lesions, the diagnosis of a histologically benign "large mandibular cyst" (paradental cyst, epidermal cyst, ameloblastoma...

[Sialorrhea. Value of isotopic examination (author's transl)].

Three types of sialorrhea can be distinguished: -- deglutition disorders, especially in patients with Parkinson's disease and those with anxiety, -- ptyalomania, -- primary hypersecretion at rest. Functional scintigraphic studies enable a physiological approach to be made, and this tends to group together, under the name of primary hypersecretion at rest, various clinical manifestations occurring in two main groups: -- elderly women complaining of a bitter taste in the mouth, -- plethoric men with large salivary glands. The scintigraphic recording apperances of secretion at rest, which occurs early and without obvious food stimuli, are also noted in other clinical types.

[Reconstruction of the frontal bone after trauma (author's transl)].

Reconstruction of the frontal bone after trauma has to be performed in a different manner according to whether the frontofacial lesions are associated or not with neurosurgical disturbances. The lesions in the first case mainly affect all the orbital borders and the anterior walls of the frontal sinuses. Reconstruction of the frontal bone usually requires osteosynthesis to the metallic threads of the various fragments applied, but the treatment of the frontal sinus region must be modulated in relation to the possible existence of posterior wall lesions.

[Hypertrophic sialosis: general review and report on 13 cases (author's transl)].

The authors describe 13 cases of hypertrophic sialosis and discuss possible mechanisms which could explain their appearance. In spite of different etiologies there is uniformity in the reactions produced. The authors therefore compared the clinical findings with those reported from animal experiments in which such lesions were artificially produced.

[Several cases of emergency repair of loss of skin substance in the child (author's transl)].

Traumatic loss of skin substance in the child is uncommon. There are three main causes: dog bites, scraping lesions and bullet wounds. In all cases, great attention is paid to initial and early treatment of the wounds (exploration, wound care) under general anaesthesia.

[Kinetics of Mn2+ ion metabolism in rat hepatic tissue].

Intravenous injection of MnSO4 with 54Mn (0,33 mg/100 g) into rats showed that Mn2+ ions are transferred into intracellular organites and specially into mitochondria. The mitochondrial clearance curve of 54Mn has been analyzed. It is appeared that three compartments participate in the distribution of Mn2+.

[Effects of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) on rat liver mitochondria. II. Activity-structure relation (author's transl)].

The action of various manganese organic compounds, which are structural analogs of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), was investigated. Only the cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl compounds are effective inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration, but only when associated with NAD+-linked substrates. The manganese tricarbonyl group is required for this mitochondrial respiration inhibition.

[Effects of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) of rat liver mitochondria. I. Effects, in vitro, on the oxidative phosphorylation (author's transl)].

Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is an effective inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration associated with NAD+-linked substrates. At concentrations which inhibit glutamate-malate oxidation (over 80% inhibition) succinate and tetramethylphenylenediamine (TMPD)-ascorbate are inhibited less than 25%. MMT inhibits both electron and energy transfer in mitochondria as revealed by the partial release of MMT inhibition by 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP).