An 18-year, single centre, retrospective study of long-term neurological outcomes in paediatric submersion-related cardiac arrests.

Aim: Investigate long-term outcome in paediatric submersion-related cardiac arrests (CA).

Methods: Children (age one day-17 years) were included if admitted to the Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, after drowning with CA, between 2002 and 2019. Primary outcome was survival with favourable neurological outcome, defined as a Paediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) score of 1-3 at longest available follow-up.

Predicting adverse long-term neurocognitive outcomes after pediatric intensive care unit admission.

Background And Objective: Critically ill children may suffer from impaired neurocognitive functions years after ICU (intensive care unit) discharge. To assess neurocognitive functions, these children are subjected to a fixed sequence of tests. Undergoing all tests is, however, arduous for former pediatric ICU patients, resulting in interrupted evaluations where several neurocognitive deficiencies remain undetected.

The efficacy of therapeutic interventions on paediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions on pediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to March 2021. Eligible interventional studies reported metrics on the height, weight, body composition, or muscle strength of pediatric burn patients in a peer-reviewed journal.

Abnormal DNA methylation within HPA-axis genes years after paediatric critical illness.

Background: Critically ill children suffer from impaired physical/neurocognitive development 2 years later. Glucocorticoid treatment alters DNA methylation within the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis which may impair normal brain development, cognition and behaviour. We tested the hypothesis that paediatric-intensive-care-unit (PICU) patients, sex- and age-dependently, show long-term abnormal DNA methylation within the HPA-axis layers, possibly aggravated by glucocorticoid treatment in the PICU, which may contribute to the long-term developmental impairments.

Long-term multidisciplinary follow-up programs in pediatric cardiac arrest survivors.

Long-term outcome studies after pediatric cardiac arrest (CA) are few. They require a CA registry and dedicated outcome teams. Learning about the long-term outcomes is very important for developing prognostication guidelines, improving post-cardiac care, counseling caregivers about the future of their child, and creating opportunities for therapeutic intervention studies to improve outcomes.

The first steps in the development of a cancer-specific patient-reported experience measure item bank (PREM-item bank): towards dynamic evaluation of experiences.

Objective: Since the implementation of value-based healthcare, there has been a growing emphasis on utilizing patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) to enhance the quality of care. However, the current PREMs are primarily generic and static, whereas healthcare is constantly evolving and encompasses a wide variety of aspects that impact care quality. To continuously improve care requires a dynamic PREM.

A 12-week lifestyle intervention: effects on fatigue, fear, and nutritional status in children with a Fontan circulation.

Introduction: Children and adolescents with a Fontan circulation are less physically active compared to healthy peers. In the current study, effects of a 12-week lifestyle intervention on fatigue, fears regarding exercise, caloric intake, rest energy expenditure (REE), and body composition were measured in children with a Fontan circulation.

Methods: This study was a semi-cross-over randomized controlled trial.

Trends in community response and long-term outcomes from pediatric cardiac arrest: A retrospective observational study.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate trends over time in pre-hospital factors for pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (pOHCA) and long-term neurological and neuropsychological outcomes. These have not been described before in large populations.

Methods: Non-traumatic arrest patients, 1 day-17 years old, presented to the Sophia Children's Hospital from January 2002 to December 2020, were eligible for inclusion.

Early weight measures and long-term neuropsychological outcome of critically ill neonates and infants: a secondary analysis of the PEPaNIC trial.

Unlabelled: Neonates and infants surviving critical illness show impaired growth during critical illness and are at risk for later neuropsychological impairments. Early identification of individuals most at risk is needed to provide tailored long-term follow-up and care. The research question is whether early growth during hospitalization is associated with growth and neuropsychological outcomes in neonates and infants after pediatric intensive care unit admission (PICU).

Leg-focused high-weight resistance training improves ventricular stroke volume, exercise capacity and strength in young patients with a Fontan circulation.

Aims: Effective therapy to improve exercise capacity in Fontan patients is lacking. Leg-focused high-weight resistance training might augment the peripheral muscle pump and thereby improve exercise capacity.

Methods And Results: This randomized semi-cross-over controlled trial investigated the effects of a 12-week leg-focused high-weight resistance training plus high-protein diet, on (sub)maximal exercise capacity, cardiac function (assessed with cardiovascular magnetic resonance), muscle strength, and quality of life in paediatric Fontan patients.

The eXpectations of Parents regarding Anesthesiology Study (XPAS) from a parental perspective: a two-phase observational cross-sectional cohort study.

Background: Uncertainty concerning anesthetic procedures and risks in children requiring anesthesia may cause concerns in parents and caregivers.

Aims: To explore parental expectations and experiences regarding their child's anesthesia using questionnaires designed with parental input.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional cohort study included parents (including caregivers) of children undergoing anesthesia in a tertiary pediatric referral university hospital.

The association of hypoglycemia with outcome of critically ill children in relation to nutritional and blood glucose control strategies.

Background: Withholding parenteral nutrition (PN) until one week after PICU admission facilitated recovery from critical illness and protected against emotional and behavioral problems 4 years later. However, the intervention increased the risk of hypoglycemia, which may have counteracted part of the benefit. Previously, hypoglycemia occurring under tight glucose control in critically ill children receiving early PN did not associate with long-term harm.

Early brain magnetic resonance imaging findings and neurodevelopmental outcome in children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review.

Aim: To investigate the association between early brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and neurodevelopmental outcome (NDO) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Method: A search for studies was conducted in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Observational and interventional studies were included, in which patients with CHD underwent surgery before 2 months of age, a brain MRI scan in the first year of life, and neurodevelopmental assessment beyond the age of 1 year.

Physical training and high-protein diet improved muscle strength, parent-reported fatigue, and physical quality of life in children with Pompe disease.

Exercise has proven to be an effective adjuvant treatment to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in mildly affected adult Pompe patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week tailored lifestyle intervention, consisting of physical training and a high protein diet (2 grams/kg), in children with Pompe disease. This randomized controlled semi-crossover trial investigated the effects of a lifestyle intervention on the primary outcome: exercise capacity.

Type D Personality as a Risk Factor for Adverse Outcome in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: An Individual Patient-Data Meta-analysis.

Objective: Type D personality, a joint tendency toward negative affectivity and social inhibition, has been linked to adverse events in patients with heart disease, although with inconsistent findings. Here, we apply an individual patient-data meta-analysis to data from 19 prospective cohort studies ( N = 11,151) to investigate the prediction of adverse outcomes by type D personality in patients with acquired cardiovascular disease.

Method: For each outcome (all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, major adverse cardiac event, any adverse event), we estimated type D's prognostic influence and the moderation by age, sex, and disease type.

Perceived stress, family impact, and changes in physical and social daily life activities of children with chronic somatic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably affected children and their families. This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 measures in children with chronic somatic conditions (CSC) and their parents and compares them with a Dutch general population sample.

Methods: We included a sample of children with CSC (0-18 years, n = 326) and compared them with children (8-18 years, n = 1,287) from the Dutch general population.

Impact of critical illness and withholding of early parenteral nutrition in the pediatric intensive care unit on long-term physical performance of children: a 4-year follow-up of the PEPaNIC randomized controlled trial.

Background: Many critically ill children face long-term developmental impairments. The PEPaNIC trial attributed part of the problems at the level of neurocognitive and emotional/behavioral development to early use of parenteral nutrition (early-PN) in the PICU, as compared with withholding it for 1 week (late-PN). Insight in long-term daily life physical functional capacity after critical illness is limited.

Physical, Emotional/Behavioral, and Neurocognitive Developmental Outcomes From 2 to 4 Years After PICU Admission: A Secondary Analysis of the Early Versus Late Parenteral Nutrition Randomized Controlled Trial Cohort.

Objectives: PICU patients face long-term developmental impairments, partially attributable to early parenteral nutrition (PN) versus late-PN. We investigated how this legacy and harm by early-PN evolve over time.

Design: Preplanned secondary analysis of the multicenter PEPaNIC-RCT (ClinicalTrials.

Neurocognitive functioning and health-related quality of life of children after pediatric intensive care admission: a systematic review.

Objective: This study systematically reviewed recent findings on neurocognitive functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children after pediatric intensive care unit admission (PICU).

Data Sources: Electronic databases searched included Embase, Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar. The search was limited to studies published in the last five years (2015-2019).

Study Protocol of the Exercise Study: Unraveling Limitations for Physical Activity in Children With Chronic Diseases in Order to Target Them With Tailored Interventions-A Randomized Cross Over Trial.

Physical activity is associated with many physiological and psychological health benefits across the lifespan. Children with a chronic disease often have lower levels of daily physical activity, and a decreased exercise capacity compared to healthy peers. In order to learn more about limitations for physical activity, we investigate children with four different chronic diseases: children with a Fontan circulation, children with Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), Pompe disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).