Isometric shoulder strength: Normative Australian population data and associated factors.

Background: Age and sex are known predictors of isometric shoulder strength and therefore must be accounted for when noting strength values or administering assessments such as the Constant Score. Given the popularity of the Constant Score, it is important to ensure protocols and values remain clinically relevant and are representative of the intended population.

Method: Isometric shoulder strength was recorded for 511 participants without shoulder pathology using the Chatillon hand-held dynamometer.

Molecular basis of hyper-thermostability in the thermophilic archaeal aldolase MfnB.

Methanogenic archaea are chemolithotrophic prokaryotes that can reduce carbon dioxide with hydrogen gas to form methane. These microorganisms make a significant contribution to the global carbon cycle, with methanogenic archaea from anoxic environments estimated to contribute > 500 million tons of global methane annually. Archaeal methanogenesis is dependent on the methanofurans; aminomethylfuran containing coenzymes that act as the primary C acceptor molecule during carbon dioxide fixation.

Genetic Variants in the Gene Are Associated with Ramon Syndrome and Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis.

Ramon syndrome (MIM 266270) is an extremely rare genetic syndrome, characterized by gingival fibromatosis, cherubism-like lesions, epilepsy, intellectual disability, hypertrichosis, short stature, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and ocular abnormalities. Hereditary or non-syndromic gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is also rare and considered to represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by benign, slowly progressive, non-inflammatory gingival overgrowth. To date, two genes, and , have been linked to Ramon syndrome.

Scapulothoracic tenodesis using hamstring tendon graft for treatment of problematic scapula winging: A new surgical technique.

Introduction: Winging of the scapula occurs due to dysfunction of its stabilising muscles, most commonly serratus anterior and/or trapezius, for example in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Resultant loss of scapular control and abnormal kinematics can decrease shoulder function due to glenohumeral joint instability, loss of range of motion and pain. Previously described treatment for cases resistant to physiotherapy includes scapulothoracic arthrodesis which involves risk of non-union and metalwork failure, as well as reduced respiratory function due to immobilisation of a segment of the adjacent chest wall.

Survivorship of shoulder arthroplasty in young patients with osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.

Background: The treatment of shoulder osteoarthritis in the young patient remains challenging. The higher functional demands and higher expectations of the young patient cohort are often coupled with increased failure and revision rates. Consequently, shoulder surgeons are faced with a unique challenge with implant selection.

Beyond Competency: A Student Perspective on Growth Through Clerkship Feedback.

This article proposes a paradigm shift from the competency-based model of clerkship feedback using checklists to a coaching-based, action plan-oriented process that centers on individualized student-oriented goals. Using a student perspective, the authors examine the feedback literature and put forward a proposal to use an impact model whose emphasis is to improve the learning climate for students. Several techniques are reviewed which include goal generation and creation of dynamic action plans.

In Vitro Oxidative Crosslinking of Recombinant Barnacle Cyprid Cement Gland Proteins.

Barnacle adhesion is a focus for fouling-control technologies as well as the development of bioinspired adhesives, although the mechanisms remain very poorly understood. The barnacle cypris larva is responsible for surface colonisation. Cyprids release cement from paired glands that contain proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, although further compositional details are scant.

Mid-term outcomes of pyrolytic carbon humeral resurfacing hemiarthroplasty compared with metal humeral resurfacing and metal stemmed hemiarthroplasty for osteoarthritis in young patients: analysis from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry.

Background: The optimal surgical management of glenohumeral osteoarthritis in young patients remains an unsolved problem. Humeral resurfacing hemiarthroplasty and stemmed hemiarthroplasty using metallic heads are 2 surgical options that avoid the complications of loosening or wear of the glenoid component seen in total shoulder arthroplasty. Despite the potential benefits, improvement in survivorship has not been demonstrated from joint registry studies or other studies at mid-term follow-up.

Correlation of magnetic resonance and arthroscopy in the diagnosis of shoulder injury.

Background: Advances in shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthrography (MRA) have revolutionised musculoskeletal diagnosis and surgical planning. Despite this, the overall accuracy of MRI, with or without intra-articular contrast, can be variable.

Methods: In this prospective non-randomised analysis, 200 participants (74.

Medium to long-term results of a recessed glenoid for glenoid resurfacing in total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Recessed mini-glenoid components provide an alternative to total shoulder replacement that may avoid some of the known shortcomings and complications associated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty or standard glenoid components in difficult cases. This study reports survivorship, radiological and clinical outcomes of a recessed mini-glenoid implant in a consecutive cohort.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study reporting outcomes of 28 consecutive shoulders (27 patients) following total shoulder replacement using a recessed, cemented mini-glenoid implant at two sites.

Predictors of medical students' ethical decision-making: A pilot study using the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior.

Objective: To understand medical students' (MS) ethical decision-making using the Theory of Interpersonal Behavior (TIB).

Methods: We conducted two rounds of focus groups to develop a TIB-based questionnaire by eliciting students' perspectives on an ethical dilemma they will encounter in a standardized patient (SP) station, in which an SP "surgeon" asked them to intubate a sedated patient whom the student knew had requested no student involvement. We administrated questionnaires to 241 third-year MS following this SP station, asking for their decisions in the SP station and if a surgeon made the same request in their clerkship.

A new technique for tensile testing of engineering materials and composites at high strain rates.

A new test technique and bespoke apparatus to conduct high strain rate measurements of the tensile response of materials are presented. The new test method is applicable to brittle solids and composites as well as high-performance fibres, yarns and tapes used in composite construction. In this study, the dynamic response of monolithic poly(methyl methacrylate) and unidirectional composites based on Dyneema® tape, Dyneema® SK75 yarn and Kevlar® 49 yarn are explored.

A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures used in shoulder instability research.

Background: Shoulder instability is extremely common, with various outcome scores used to assess its progression after treatment. This review was performed to identify the scores most commonly used and to evaluate them according to the 4 core domains of shoulder trials (according to the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials [COMET] initiative) and their respective psychometric qualities.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature of 3 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed) was undertaken.

Genetic associations in community context: a mixed model approach identifies a functional variant in the RBP4 gene associated with HDL-C dyslipidemia.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine individual and community factors that influence high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) dyslipidemia in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), a genetically isolated population in Canada with a high prevalence of HDL-C dyslipidemia.

Methods: First, a group of single nucleotide polymorphisms from 10 metabolic trait candidate genes was tested using a multivariate logistic regression model. The significant SNPs were entered into the second phase, where a mixed logistic model incorporated the community disease risk factors together with the individual factors as the fixed part of the model and the geographic region as a random effect.

Understanding the Thickness Effect on the Tensile Strength Property of DyneemaHB26 Laminates.

In this study, an experimental and numerical investigation is presented on the effect of thickness and test rate within the pseudo static regime on the tensile properties of DyneemaHB26 laminates. A detailed experimental presentation on the tensile testing of different thickness is presented and highlights the commonly seen observation that the tensile strength of a laminate reduces as a function of the specimen thickness. To understand these experimental observations, a constitutive material model of the individual macro fibril is developed and applied to modelling the fibre and upscaling to the laminate.

Six-year time-trend analysis of dyslipidemia among adults in Newfoundland and Labrador: findings from the laboratory information system between 2009 and 2014.

Background: Dyslipidemia, an increased level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreased level of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We examined the six-year trend of dyslipidemia in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), a Canadian province with a historically high prevalence of dyslipidemia.

Methods: A serial cross-sectional study on all of the laboratory lipid tests available from 2009 to 2014 was performed.

Communication skills teaching in Brazilian medical schools: What lessons can be learned?

Objective: To assess current practices in communication skills (CS) teaching in Brazilian medical schools (MS), looking for similarities and differences with other countries.

Methods: This study was performed with 162 out of the 237 accredited Brazilian MS (68.35%).

Using Electronic Medical Record to Identify Patients With Dyslipidemia in Primary Care Settings: International Classification of Disease Code Matters From One Region to a National Database.

Objective: To assess the validity of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes for identifying patients with dyslipidemia in electronic medical record (EMR) data.

Methods: The EMRs of patients receiving primary care in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada, were retrieved from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network database.

Enhancing links between visual short term memory, visual attention and cognitive control processes through practice: An electrophysiological insight.

The operation of attention on visible objects involves a sequence of cognitive processes. The current study firstly aimed to elucidate the effects of practice on neural mechanisms underlying attentional processes as measured with both behavioural and electrophysiological measures. Secondly, it aimed to identify any pattern in the relationship between Event-Related Potential (ERP) components which play a role in the operation of attention in vision.

Endoscopically Assisted Intraoral Removal of an Ectopic Third Molar in the Mandibular Subcondylar Region.

The ectopic placement of mandibular third molars in the subcondylar region is an uncommon phenomenon. Most patients are asymptomatic but can present with acute infection or associated pathology necessitating surgical intervention. Surgical approaches have been described utilizing both extraoral and intraoral approaches to the region.

Identification of Dyslipidemic Patients Attending Primary Care Clinics Using Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) Database.

The objective of this study was to define the optimal algorithm to identify patients with dyslipidemia using electronic medical records (EMRs). EMRs of patients attending primary care clinics in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada during 2009-2010, were studied to determine the best algorithm for identification of dyslipidemia.

Evaluation of respiratory volume monitoring (RVM) to detect respiratory compromise in advance of pulse oximetry and help minimize false desaturation alarms.

Background: Monitoring respiratory function is important. By continuously monitoring respiratory volumes, respiratory depression could be identified before hypoxemia and drive earlier intervention. Here, we evaluate the temporal relationship of respiratory volume monitoring (providing real-time minute ventilation [MV], tidal volume, and respiratory rate in nonintubated patients) to hypoxemic episodes and its potential to help classify true vs false desaturations (related to patient movement/probe dislodgement).