Policies on artificial intelligence chatbots among academic publishers: a cross-sectional audit.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are novel computer programs that can generate text or content in a natural language format. Academic publishers are adapting to the transformative role of AI chatbots in producing or facilitating scientific research. This study aimed to examine the policies established by scientific, technical, and medical academic publishers for defining and regulating the authors' responsible use of AI chatbots.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural general surgery staffing and endoscopic provision in Washington state: A qualitative study.

Introduction: General surgeons are pivotal in providing essential care to rural communities, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention via endoscopy. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened access to care in these areas. This study aims to identify post-pandemic changes in rural surgical care and identifies strategies to improve workforce and retention.

Colorectal cancer care equity in underserved communities: Innovative solutions for screening, outreach & capacity in rural Washington.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality hotspots in rural Washington, notably Yakima and Richland, identified an 8-year earlier median age of death in non-white patients. Post-pandemic data from WA State Department of Health and MultiCare's electronic health records revealed a 40 ​% decrease in CRC screenings.

Methods: During a 2023 CRC prevention summit, barriers and solutions were discussed focusing on rural Hispanic laborers as this population is often seen at partner locations, Yakima Valley Farm Workers Clinic (YVFWC).

Exploring Therapeutic Relational Connection in Virtual Healthcare: Insights From Nurse Practitioner Practice With Young Adults Living With Chronic Illness.

Aim: To identify the essential characteristics of therapeutic relational connection (TRC) as viewed by nurse practitioners (NPs) in the practice of their virtual visits caring for young adults living with chronic illness.

Design: This is a qualitative descriptive study of data obtained from open-ended items on an online questionnaire.

Methods: The sample was recruited through an electronic listserv sent by the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP) to access a national sample.

Product Enhanced Reverse Transcriptase for assessing replication competent virus in vectors retroviral vectors pseudotyped with GALV and VSV-G envelopes.

We evaluated the use of the Product Enhanced Reverse Transcriptase (PERT) assay as a means of detecting virus in retroviral vectors products pseudotyped with Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GALV) and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G (VSVG) envelopes. PERT provides greater standardization than the S+/L- assay which has been used extensively in virus detection. A challenge is that PERT will also detect residual retroviral vectors as vector particles contain reverse transcriptase.

A process evaluation of the NIDUS-Professional dementia training intervention for UK homecare workers.

Introduction: This process evaluation was conducted in parallel to the randomised controlled feasibility trial of NIDUS-Professional, a manualised remote dementia training intervention for homecare workers (HCWs), delivered alongside an individualised intervention for clients living with dementia and their family carers (NIDUS-Family). The process evaluation reports on: (i) intervention reach, dose and fidelity; (ii) contexts influencing agency engagement and (iii) alignment of findings with theoretical assumptions about how the intervention might produce change.

Methods: We report proportions of eligible HCWs receiving any intervention (reach), number of sessions attended (dose; attending ≥4/6 main sessions was predefined as adhering), intervention fidelity and adherence of clients and carers to NIDUS-Family (attending all 6-8 planned sessions).

Feasibility and acceptability of NIDUS-professional, a training and support intervention for homecare workers caring for clients living with dementia: a cluster-randomised feasibility trial.

Introduction: In the first randomised controlled trial of a dementia training and support intervention in UK homecare agencies, we aimed to assess: acceptability of our co-designed, manualised training, delivered by non-clinical facilitators; outcome completion feasibility; and costs for a future trial.

Methods: This cluster-randomised (2:1) single-blind, feasibility trial involved English homecare agencies. Intervention arm agency staff were offered group videocall sessions: 6 over 3 months, then monthly for 3 months (NIDUS-professional).

Impact of an educational intervention on hand hygiene practice among nursing students, with a focus on hand drying efficacy.

Background: Hand hygiene and its significance for reducing the spread of infection is well evidenced and has been brought into sharp focus following the COVID-19 pandemic. Although a crucial clinical skill in ensuring safe healthcare, little is known regarding nursing students' effectiveness of hand hygiene practice.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on hand hygiene practice, designed by the research team for first year pre-registration nursing students.

Dark matter axion search using a Josephson Traveling wave parametric amplifier.

We describe the first implementation of a Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier (JTWPA) in an axion dark matter search. The operation of the JTWPA for a period of about two weeks achieved sensitivity to axion-like particle dark matter with axion-photon couplings above 10-13 Ge V-1 over a narrow range of axion masses centered around 19.84 µeV by tuning the resonant frequency of the cavity over the frequency range of 4796.

Clinical factors associated with relapse in depression in a sample of UK primary care patients who have been on long-term antidepressant treatment.

Background: This paper investigates whether age of onset of depression, duration of the last episode, number of episodes, and residual symptoms of depression and anxiety are associated with depression relapse in primary care patients who have been on long-term maintenance antidepressant treatment and no longer meet ICD10 criteria for depression.

Methods: An observational cohort using data from ANTLER ( = 478), a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The primary outcome was time to relapse using the retrospective CIS-R.

Search for a Dark-Matter-Induced Cosmic Axion Background with ADMX.

We report the first result of a direct search for a cosmic axion background (CaB)-a relativistic background of axions that is not dark matter-performed with the axion haloscope, the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX). Conventional haloscope analyses search for a signal with a narrow bandwidth, as predicted for dark matter, whereas the CaB will be broad. We introduce a novel analysis strategy, which searches for a CaB induced daily modulation in the power measured by the haloscope.

Therapeutic Relational Connection in Telehealth: Concept Analysis.

Background: Therapeutic relational connection (TRC) in telehealth is a new concept that refers to the intentional use of relationship connection between health care providers and their patients as both parties work toward a therapeutic aim. It has been demonstrated that TRC positively affects patient-centered outcomes including adherence, self-management, and satisfaction with care. What is not known are best practices for establishing TRC during telehealth visits.

Great Hospitals: The History of Neurosurgery at the University of Vermont Medical Center-A Macroscopic Examination of Microscope-Savvy Pioneers.

The University of Vermont's (UVM) Division of Neurosurgery is enshrined in a rich history of innovation and academic prowess, which have significantly contributed to making neurosurgery the field it is today. From humble beginnings, the department was started by one Raymond Madiford Peardon "Pete" Donaghy on a parenthetically watertight research budget amounting to $25 and shared space in a Quonset hut. Passion and commitment to progress, as well as an innate openness to collaboration, propelled Pete Donaghy, his colleagues, pupils, and successors to establish an exemplary center for treatment of neurosurgical disease, with multiple revolutionary accomplishments along the way.

Reliability of the retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess relapse in depression in primary care patients.

Objectives: We are not aware of a simple and short structured measure that retrospectively assesses time to relapse for depression. We developed the retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess depression relapse in the previous 12 weeks, for use in a clinical trial of maintenance antidepressant treatment. We assessed test-retest reliability and construct validity in relation to a Global Rating Question (GRQ) about worsening mood, participants stopping their study medication and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores.

Probing the Local Electronic Structure in Metal Halide Perovskites through Cobalt Substitution.

Owing to the unique chemical and electronic properties arising from 3d-electrons, substitution with transition metal ions is one of the key routes for engineering new functionalities into materials. While this approach has been used extensively in complex metal oxide perovskites, metal halide perovskites have largely resisted facile isovalent substitution. In this work, it is demonstrated that the substitution of Co into the lattice of methylammonium lead triiodide imparts magnetic behavior to the material while maintaining photovoltaic performance at low concentrations.

Neuropsychological markers of antidepressant action: a secondary analysis of the ANTLER randomised controlled trial.

Background: Antidepressants have been proposed to act via their influence on emotional processing. We investigated the effect of discontinuing maintenance antidepressant treatment on positive and negative self-referential recall and the association between self-referential recall and risk of relapse.

Methods: The ANTLER trial was a large ( = 478) pragmatic double-blind trial investigating the clinical effectiveness of long-term antidepressant treatment for preventing relapse in primary care patients.

Feasibility and acceptability of NIDUS-Professional, a training and support intervention for homecare workers caring for clients living with dementia: a cluster-randomised feasibility trial protocol.

Introduction: Most people living with dementia want to remain living in their own homes, and are supported to do so by family carers and homecare workers. There are concerns that homecare is often unable to meet the needs of this client group, with limited evidence regarding effective interventions to improve it for people living with dementia. We have developed a training and support programme for homecare workers (NIDUS-Professional) to be delivered alongside support sessions for people living with dementia and their family carers (NIDUS-Family).

Replication competent retrovirus testing (RCR) in the National Gene Vector Biorepository: No evidence of RCR in 1,595 post-treatment peripheral blood samples obtained from 60 clinical trials.

The clinical impact of any therapy requires the product be safe and effective. Gammaretroviral vectors pose several unique risks, including inadvertent exposure to replication competent retrovirus (RCR) that can arise during vector manufacture. The US FDA has required patient monitoring for RCR, and the National Gene Vector Biorepository is an NIH resource that has assisted eligible investigators in meeting this requirement.

Discovery and Optimization of Potent and Orally Available CTP Synthetase Inhibitors for Use in Treatment of Diseases Driven by Aberrant Immune Cell Proliferation.

Herein, we report the discovery of a first-in-class chemotype 2-(alkylsulfonamido)thiazol-4-yl)acetamides that act as pan-selective inhibitors of cytidine 5'-triphosphate synthetase (CTPS1/2), critical enzymes in the pyrimidine synthesis pathway. Weak inhibitors identified from a high-throughput screening of 240K compounds have been optimized to a potent, orally active agent, compound , which has shown significant pharmacological responses at 10 mg/kg dose BID in a well-established animal model of inflammation.

Proteome analysis of Campylobacter jejuni poultry strain 2704 survival during 45 min exposure to peracetic acid.

Peracetic acid (PAA) applied to whole poultry carcasses can reduce the number of Campylobacter, a leading cause of human gastroenteritis. However, previous modelling experiments indicated that Campylobacter survived in greater numbers when pre-treated with a thermal stress equivalent to poultry processing scalding prior to chilling with PAA than when subject to chilling with PAA only. To better understand how Campylobacter responds to PAA, proteomes of C.