The specificity and patterns of staining in human cells and tissues of p16INK4a antibodies demonstrate variant antigen binding.

The validity of the identification and classification of human cancer using antibodies to detect biomarker proteins depends upon antibody specificity. Antibodies that bind to the tumour-suppressor protein p16INK4a are widely used for cancer diagnosis and research. In this study we examined the specificity of four commercially available anti-p16INK4a antibodies in four immunological applications.

Interaction of tea polyphenols and food constituents with model gut epithelia: the protective role of the mucus gel layer.

The luminal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is covered by a mucus gel layer that acts to protect gut epithelial cells from the harsh luminal environment. This study investigated the use of two human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines, HT29-MTX-E12 and HT29, as a model to mimic gut epithelium with and without a mucus gel layer. The effect of adding the tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin (EC) to the cells with subsequent examination of cell morphology and viability was assessed.

Modelling the hair follicle dermal papilla using spheroid cell cultures.

Human dermal papilla (DP) cells grown in two-dimensional (2D) culture have been studied extensively. However, key differences exist between DP cell activities in vivo and in vitro. Using a suspension method of cell culture to maintain DP cells, we created three-dimensional (3D) dermal spheres morphologically akin to intact (anagen) DPs.

Visfatin induces oxidative stress in differentiated C2C12 myotubes in an Akt- and MAPK-independent, NFkB-dependent manner.

Adipose tissue is an important endocrine and metabolic tissue that is actively involved in cross-talk with peripheral organs such as skeletal muscle. It is likely that adipose-derived factors may underlie the development of insulin resistance in muscle. Thus, the cross-talk between adipose and muscle may be important for the propagation of obesity-related diseases.

SLC24A5 encodes a trans-Golgi network protein with potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchange activity that regulates human epidermal melanogenesis.

A non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the human SLC24A5 gene is associated with natural human skin color variation. Multiple sequence alignments predict that this gene encodes a member of the potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger family denoted NCKX5. In cultured human epidermal melanocytes we show using affinity-purified antisera that native human NCKX5 runs as a triplet of approximately 43 kDa on SDS-PAGE and is partially localized to the trans-Golgi network.