The reliability of virtual non-contrast reconstructions of photon-counting detector CT scans in assessing abdominal organs.

Background: Spectral imaging of photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) scanners allows for generating virtual non-contrast (VNC) reconstruction. By analyzing 12 abdominal organs, we aimed to test the reliability of VNC reconstructions in preserving HU values compared to real unenhanced CT images.

Methods: Our study included 34 patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasm (PCN).

Impact of a Targeted Project for Shortening of Imaging Diagnostic Waiting Time in Patients with Suspected Oncological Diseases in Hungary.

Medical imaging is a key element in the clinical workup of patients with suspected oncological disease. In Hungary, due to the high number of patients, waiting lists for Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were created some years ago. The Municipality of Budapest and Semmelweis University signed a cooperation agreement with an extra budget in 2020 (HBP: Healthy Budapest Program) to reduce the waiting lists for these patients.

Microvascular flow imaging to differentiate focal hepatic lesions: the spoke-wheel pattern as a specific sign of focal nodular hyperplasia.

Microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) is an advanced Doppler ultrasound technique designed to detect slow-velocity blood flow in small-caliber microvessels. This technique is capable of realtime, highly detailed visualization of tumor vessels without using a contrast agent. MVFI has been recently applied for the characterization of focal liver lesions and has revealed typical vascularity distributions in multiple types thereof.

Polymyositis and rhabdomyolysis caused by hepatocellular carcinoma - Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by a rapid necrosis of muscle fibers and the release of muscle-derived metabolic products into the circulatory system. A rare cause of rhabdomyolysis is paraneoplastic polymyositis.

Case Presentation: A 67-year-old man was diagnosed with paraneoplastic polymyositis and rhabdomyolysis caused by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Environmental Factors Slightly Outweigh Genetic Influences in the Development of Pancreatic Lipid Accumulation: A Classical Twin Study.

Several studies showed that lipid accumulation in the pancreas (NAFPD: nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease) may lead to different pancreatic disorders, including beta-cell dysfunction. The role of genetic and environmental factors in pancreatic lipid accumulation is unclear. We evaluated the magnitude of genetic and environmental impact on pancreatic lipid content within a cohort of adult twin pairs.

Adaptive coping strategies in male infertility, paramedical counselling as a way of support.

: In the last decades, the number of infertile males increased worldwide which gained more focus. The extent to which a person or a couple is able to cope adaptively with the problem of infertility depends on the combined effect of several variables. Our aim was to apply counselling among males suffering from infertility problems.

[Decreasing morbidity after Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) with technical modification and patient selection].

Resecability of liver tumors is exclusively depending on the future liver remnant (FLR). The remnant can be hypertrophised using portal vein occlusion techniques. The latest hypertrophising method is Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS), which provides the most significant induced hypertrophy in the shortest time.

Optimal line of hepatotomy for left lateral living donor liver transplantation according to the anatomical variations of left hepatic duct system.

Multiple duct anastomoses during LLS transplantation increase the incidence of biliary complications. The optimal plane of hepatotomy that results in the least number of bile ducts at the surface was investigated according to LHD variations. Ducts of 30 human livers were injected with resin and LHD branching on 3D-CT reconstructions were analyzed.

The utility of the combination of the corrosion cast method and post mortem MSCT scans.

A careful post-mortem investigation is needed to determine the cause of death of patients bearing coronary stents and to describe complications of stent implantation. The main purpose of this study was to combine post mortem methods of CT angiography and corrosion cast preparation for the visualization of coronary stenoses, coronary stents, instent restenosis, and stent occlusion. Injection-corrosion method was combined with post-mortem MSCT angiography to characterize the pathomorphological changes after stent implantation in 6 male cadaver hearts.

Folate deficiency and folic acid supplementation: the prevention of neural-tube defects and congenital heart defects.

Diet, particularly vitamin deficiency, is associated with the risk of birth defects. The aim of this review paper is to show the characteristics of common and severe neural-tube defects together with congenital heart defects (CHD) as vitamin deficiencies play a role in their origin. The findings of the Hungarian intervention (randomized double-blind and cohort controlled) trials indicated that periconceptional folic acid (FA)-containing multivitamin supplementation prevented the major proportion (about 90%) of neural-tube defects (NTD) as well as a certain proportion (about 40%) of congenital heart defects.

PEG fixation of an upside-down stomach using a flexible endoscope: case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Upside-down stomach usually is asymptomatic in adults, but sometimes it can cause regurgitation, vomiting, and weight loss. This condition has an incidence increasing with age thus increasing the risk of surgical intervention.

Case Report: A 90-year-old man was admitted with dysphagia, postprandial regurgitation, and an 18 kg weight loss in the past year.

[ALPPS (Associated Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy) -- faster and greater growth of liver].

75 years old female patient was referred with large, multifocal colorectal liver metastasis. Prior to this consultation she received chemotherapies of various protocols and series. Liver metastasis, however, increased at about 3 times of the original size during the 5 months of the oncological treatment.

Birth outcomes of newborns after folic Acid supplementation in pregnant women with early and late pre-eclampsia: a population-based study.

Objective. To evaluate the rate of preterm birth and low birth weight in the newborns of pregnant women with early and late onset pre-eclampsia according to folic acid supplementation. Study design.

Interpretation of controversial teratogenic findings of drugs such as phenobarbital.

Objective. To check the debated association between phenobarbital treatment during pregnancy and risk for congenital abnormalities (CAs) in their children. Study Design.

Prevention of neural-tube defects with periconceptional folic acid, methylfolate, or multivitamins?

Background/aims: To review the main results of intervention trials which showed the efficacy of periconceptional folic acid-containing multivitamin and folic acid supplementation in the prevention of neural-tube defects (NTD).

Methods And Results: The main findings of 5 intervention trials are known: (i) the efficacy of a multivitamin containing 0.36 mg folic acid in a UK nonrandomized controlled trial resulted in an 83-91% reduction in NTD recurrence, while the results of the Hungarian (ii) randomized controlled trial and (iii) cohort-controlled trial using a multivitamin containing 0.

[Esophageal endoprosthesis by laparo-gastroscopy with transtumoral approach in advanced esophageal and esophagogastric cancer].

Introduction: Romania is part of the countries with low incidence of esophagus cancer (the mortality rate M/W at 100,000 peoples being 1.6/0.3), but the diagnosis of the disease, is most frequently incidental in stages that make any intention of radical treatment a desideratum frequently unattainable.

Population-based case-control teratogenic study of hydroxyprogesterone treatment during pregnancy.

Hydroxyprogesterone, a synthetic progestin, was used for the treatment of pregnant women with threatened abortion and preterm delivery. Previous studies showed some association between hydroxyprogesterone use during early pregnancy and some specific congenital abnormalities. The population-based large Hungarian data set seemed to be appropriate to check this possible association.

Population-based case-control study of oxoline acid use during pregnancy for birth outcomes.

The objective of the study was to check the effect of oxoline acid, a bactericidal drug for the treatment of urinary tract infection during pregnancy, on congenital abnormalities of informative offspring and fetal development. Human data of oxoline acid use during pregnancy have not been reported, but the use of this quinolone derivative is not recommended during pregnancy by the US Food and Drug Administration. The teratogenic and fetotoxic potential of oxoline acid was evaluated in the population-based large data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities between 1980 and 1996.

Short-term paracetamol therapy during pregnancy and a lower rate of preterm birth.

The relationships between short-term oral paracetamol treatment during pregnancy and mean gestational age and birthweight, in addition to the prevalence of preterm birth and low birthweight were estimated using newborn infants in the population-based large dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities between 1980 and 1996. Gestational age and birthweight were medically recorded. Of 38 151 newborn infants, 173 were born to mothers who had paracetamol treatment during pregnancy.

The Hungarian periconceptional service as a model for community genetics.

Objectives: This review describes the methods and results of the Hungarian periconceptional service consisting of counselling, examinations and medical interventions. (The term periconceptional is used instead of preconceptional because the early postconceptional period is also involved to this service.)

Methods: The service was based on three steps: check-up examination of reproductive health (i.

[Peri-conceptional multivitamin administration may result in higher frequency of twin pregnancies].

A randomized controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation including 0.8 mg folic acid was carried out for at least 28 days before conception. The trial was continued until at least until the second missed menstrual period to test the effectiveness of this new primary preventive method in the reduction of neural tube defects.

Efficient Nondestructive Sampler for Carcasses and Other Surfaces.

Two versions of an electrically powered device (Rotorinser) to sample carcasses or other surfaces in situ for microbiological analysis and several different sampling protocols were evaluated against excision plus stomaching for ability to remove bacteria from pig skin and beef carcass tissue. Both devices sampled circular areas of approximately 14 cm. Ten tissue samples were used for each set of conditions.

The effect of preconceptional multivitamin supplementation on fertility.

A significantly higher rate of conceptions occurred after preconceptional multivitamin supplementation in comparison with a placebo-like trace element supplementation in the Hungarian randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. This difference was explained by 5% shorter time in the achievement of conception.

The effect of preconceptional multivitamin supplementation on the menstrual cycle.

The database of the Hungarian randomised controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation for the prevention of neural-tube defects was used to evaluate the length of the pre- and postovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle before and during multivitamin supplementation. The female cycle was more regular (i.e.