[Activity of tubular enzymes and lipoperoxidation processes in patients with progressive diabethic nephropathy].

The article summarises data on the activity of tubular enzymes having marked organ-specific characteristics related to kidneys. They are N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), its thermostable isoenzyme NAG B and beta-galactosidase localised in lysosomes. L-canavinine, ornithine aminotransferase having mitochondrial localization have also been discussed in the article.

[Urinary enzymes as markers of functional state of kidneys with diabetic lesions].

Activity of tubular lysosomic (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase--NAG, its thermostable isoenzyme NAG B and B-galactosidase--beta-GAL) and mitochondrial (L-canavanine: ornithine amidinetransferase--COAT) enzymes were measured in urine of 30 patients with diabetes complicated by diabetic nephropathy (DN). It was shown that activity of NAG, especially its thermostable isoenzyme NAG B and also beta-GAL in urine of DN patients was higher compare to those in healthy subject. Moreover COAT activity was registered in urine of DN patients while it is not presented in healthy persons.

[Infrared sweat secretion stimulation as a means of homeostatic correction in patients with kidney dysfunction].

The clinical and laboratory investigation was done on 40 patients with kidney disfunction (glomerulonefritis), treated by standard medicines with regulary infrared total body heating (from 15-20 to 40 min) daily during 10 days. Control group of 37 patients, was treated only by standard medicines. The thermochambers construction forces the possibility of normal temperature air breathing under the radial skin heating to 50-60 degrees C.

[Lipid metabolic disorders in patients with glomerulonephritis in the presence of a herpetic infection].

Abnormalities were studied of lipid metabolism in patients with glomerulonephritis (GN) depending on the presence of herpes infection (antibodies to herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus) versus similar indices in GN patients free from this infection (n = 75). Of these, 34 presented with the urinary syndrome (US), 41 had nephrotic syndrome (NS). Abnormalities of lipid metabolism in GN patients (irrespective of the syndrome) were shown to be more manifest in the presence of herpes infection.

[The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis].

Results are analyzed of a prolonged treatment with inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (captopril, Capoten, 100 to 150 mg daily, Renitec, 10 to 20 mg daily) in 53 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Of these, 23 patients presented with nephrotic syndrome in prehypertensive stage, 30 were in the stage of chronic renal insufficiency. The time-related course of proteinemia was studied as were indices for systemic hemodynamics, azotemia.

[The characteristics of the course of acute and chronic glomerulonephritis in adults of different ages].

A total of 846 patients with glomerulonephritis were examined. Of these, 219 were diagnosed as having developed acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), 627 were patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (ChGN). AGN is marked by a debut predominantly in the pubertal period and early adulthood, the incidence of the uric syndrome gets decreased with aging while that of the nephritis syndrome is noted to be on the increase in AGN patients.

[The characteristics of the pathogenesis and clinical forms of the course of glomerulonephritis in adolescent patients].

Overall, 138 patients at teen age and youths were studied for the clinical course of their glomerulonephritis. In adolescence, the onset of glomerulonephritis presents as urinary syndrome with hematuria and nephrotic syndrome. Acute glomerulonephritis with hematuria is accompanied by a low level of proteinuria and slow progression.

[The hemostatic system and thrombohemorrhagic complications during the hemosorption treatment of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome].

Effects were studied of hemosorption on the system of homeostasis in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis presenting with nephrotic syndrome. An optimum graphic express method of control of the homeostasis system state was found, permitting predicting thrombohemorrhagic complications after single-session hemosorption (significance 99.9%).

[The metabolic aspects of the sequelae of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station in the course of kidney diseases].

As many as 159 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 100 those with glomerulonephritis residing in ecologically favourable, and on contaminated territories for 6-8 years after Chernobyl accident, were examined for indices of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system and energy exchange. The above renal disease were found to be accompanied by a rise in the activity of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of excess of their products in cellular membranes and urine. In the antioxidant system, the activity of NAD-H2-dependent factors and an inhibitor of free radical oxidation of superoxiddismutase tends to decrease.

[The effect of membrane-stabilizing therapy on the status of the hemostatic system in patients with glomerulonephritis with a hematuric component].

Hyperfibrinogenaemia, hyperthrombinaemia, slowed down lysis of euglobulin clot, increased level of plasminogen, delayed aggregation of thrombocytes were observed in 20 patients with glomerulonephritis with haematuria. Membrane-stabilizing therapy reduced trends to hypercoagulation, significantly improved aggregating abilities of thrombocytes. Considerable impact of membrane-stabilizing therapy on indices of haemostasis in patients with hematuric glomerulonephritis evidences close link to exist between activation of lipid peroxidation, changes of structural and functional parameters of membranes and mechanisms of blood coagulation and thrombocyte aggregation.

[The clinical efficacy of plasmapheresis in the combined therapy of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome].

A clinical analysis of the effect of 64 plasmapheresis sessions in combined treatment of 16 chronic glomerulonephritis patients with nephrotic syndrome was made for 7 patients with mesangiocapillary, 1 with mesangioproliferative, 2 with mesangioproliferative with semilunums, 2 with fibroplastic glomerulonephritis. 12 of the patients had failed previous chemotherapy with prednisolone, curantil, cyclophosphamide. Each of the patients underwent 3-5 sessions of plasmapheresis.

[The significance of lipid peroxidation in the chronicity of glomerulonephritis with a hematuric component].

Measures of lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde contents in blood, erythrocyte membranes and urine), parameters of the antioxidant system, structural and functional indices of cell membranes (cholesterol level, general content of phospholipids and phospholipid spectrum) were studied in patients with acute and chronic (stable and advancing) hematuric glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis chronization was established to be associated with the activation of lipid peroxidation, predominantly on the level of damaged organ, while the condition of the antioxidant system showed a trend to normalization. Advancing glomerulonephritis when compared to stable one revealed more pronounced processes of membrane destabilization as well as accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in membranes, erythrocytes, blood plasma and urine.

[The effect of therapeutic plasmapheresis on the hemostatic system of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and the nephrotic syndrome].

Plasmapheresis was carried out by the continuous method in 10 patients with active forms of glomerulonephritis with the nephrotic syndrome and was found to positively affect hemostasis (reduction of hyperfibrinogenemia, thrombinemia, enhancement of fibrinolysis). Antiaggregants completely controlled negative effect of plasmapheresis on the thrombocyte status. The positive effect was paralleled by clinical improvement.

[Plasmapheresis in the combined therapy of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and the nephrotic syndrome].

Plasmapheresis (P) was used in the complex treatment of 16 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CHG) and nephrotic syndrome. Before P. 12 patients were treated ineffectively with prednisolone and curantyl.

[The clinico-laboratory characteristics of glomerulonephritis].

Results are reported of 83 patients with glomerulonephritis with the hematuria syndrome and 75 patients without hematuria syndrome. 19 clinico-laboratory signs were analyzed. Data indicate that hematuric nephritis may be signaled out in a separate nosological entity necessitating differentiated treatment.

[The characteristics of the lipid peroxidation processes in patients with glomerulonephritis and a hematuric component].

A study of 86 patients with glomerulonephritis, urinary syndrome, presence of the hematuric component is characterized by an activation of lipid peroxidation as a result of disbalance the antioxidant system, that causes corresponding changes in the lipid phase of the cell membranes, reduction of the phospholipid and cholesterol level in the membranes, increase of its deformability capacity that may be of significance for the development of the hematuric component in patients with glomerulonephritis. The data stimulate the necessity of searching treatment directed to reduction of lipid peroxidation activation, normalization of the antioxidant system, stabilization of renal cell membranes.

[The efficacy of treating glomerulonephritis patients with a hematuria component].

Unlabelled: A clinical evaluation was carried out of treatment efficacy of patients suffering of glomerulonephritis with hematuria component.

Treatment: membrane stabilizing therapy including unithiol, dimephosphon (delagil) and alpha-tocopherol acetate. Duration of this treatment was 1 month; 2 months--with alpha-tocopherol and delagil; 6 months--with delagil.

[Study of middle molecular weight fraction in the plasma of patients with uremia using high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography].

Detection and quantitative estimation of peptides were carried out in the middle molecular fraction of blood plasma from patients with uremia using high performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. The middle molecular fraction was separated into four fractions after ultrafiltration through a column of Protein Pak i-60. As low as 40-60 mcg/ml of the peptides were detected in the first and second fractions.