What matters to mothers: A qualitative exploration of pain and recovery after cesarean section.

Background: Fast recovery after cesarean section is vital since the mother not only has to take care of herself but also the newborn. Recovery scores are useful tools to measure and compare recovery; however, standardized questionnaires may miss in-depth patient experiences. What is important to women in the postoperative period after cesarean section can vary in different populations, making it crucial to understand the specific needs of one's own population.

Text message questionnaires for Patient-Reported Outcome Measures after Cesarean section-A feasibility study.

Background: Inadequate pain relief with moderate to severe pain remains a challenge after cesarean section and may significantly impair postoperative recovery. However, detailed assessment on the timing of severe pain, opioid consumption, influence on activities such as mobilization, breastfeeding, and caring for the infant are difficult to conduct, especially after discharge. Short message services (SMS)-based questionnaires may offer a low-cost way of providing such data but with the risk of insufficient response rates.

Aberrant TIMP-1 production in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives the selective benefits of nintedanib in lung adenocarcinoma.

The fibrotic tumor microenvironment is a pivotal therapeutic target. Nintedanib, a clinically approved multikinase antifibrotic inhibitor, is effective against lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) but not squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Previous studies have implicated the secretome of tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) in the selective effects of nintedanib in ADC, but the driving factor(s) remained unidentified.

Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Healthy Adult Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: Spontaneous bacterial meningitis (BM) is more common among patients with underlying conditions, but its characteristics in previously healthy patients are not well described. We analyzed the time trends of BM in terms of characteristics, and outcomes in patients without comorbidities.

Patients And Methods: Single-center, prospective observational cohort study of 328 adults with BM hospitalized in a tertiary university hospital in Barcelona (Spain).

Preparing for obstetric anaesthesia-An educational randomised controlled trial comparing e-learning to written course material.

Background: E-learning is increasingly used in postgraduate medical education. Its numerous benefits include an enhanced learning experience through learning style individualisation, interactive elements, and assessment through tests and quizzes. Current meta-analyses conclude that the overall effectiveness of e-learning is comparable to traditional teaching modalities.

Aberrant TIMP-1 overexpression in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives tumor progression through CD63 in lung adenocarcinoma.

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is an important regulator of extracellular matrix turnover that has been traditionally regarded as a potential tumor suppressor owing to its inhibitory effects of matrix metalloproteinases. Intriguingly, this interpretation has been challenged by the consistent observation that increased expression of TIMP-1 is associated with poor prognosis in virtually all cancer types including lung cancer, supporting a tumor-promoting function. However, how TIMP-1 is dysregulated within the tumor microenvironment and how it drives tumor progression in lung cancer is poorly understood.

MMP1 drives tumor progression in large cell carcinoma of the lung through fibroblast senescence.

Large cell carcinoma (LCC) is a rare and aggressive lung cancer subtype with poor prognosis and no targeted therapies. Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) derived from LCC tumors exhibit premature senescence, and coculture of pulmonary fibroblasts with LCC cell lines selectively induces fibroblast senescence, which in turn drives LCC cell growth and invasion. Here we identify MMP1 as overexpressed specifically in LCC cell lines, and we show that expression of MMP1 by LCC cells is necessary for induction of fibroblast senescence and consequent tumor promotion in both cell culture and mouse models.

Commensurate and Non-Commensurate Fractional-Order Discrete Models of an Electric Individual-Wheel Drive on an Autonomous Platform.

This paper presents integer and linear time-invariant fractional order (FO) models of a closed-loop electric individual-wheel drive implemented on an autonomous platform. Two discrete-time FO models are tested: non-commensurate and commensurate. A classical model described by the second-order linear difference equation is used as the reference.

Sphenopalatine ganglion block for the treatment of postdural puncture headache: a randomised, blinded, clinical trial.

Background: Current treatment of postdural puncture headache includes epidural blood patch (EBP), which is invasive and may result in rare but severe complications. Sphenopalatine ganglion block is suggested as a simple, minimally invasive treatment for postdural puncture headache. We aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of a transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block with local anaesthetic vs saline.

Epigenetic Repression in Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts Impairs Fibrosis and Response to the Antifibrotic Drug Nintedanib in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The tumor-promoting fibrotic stroma rich in tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAF) is drawing increased therapeutic attention. Intriguingly, a trial with the antifibrotic drug nintedanib in non-small cell lung cancer reported clinical benefits in adenocarcinoma (ADC) but not squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), even though the stroma is fibrotic in both histotypes. Likewise, we reported that nintedanib inhibited the tumor-promoting fibrotic phenotype of TAFs selectively in ADC.

Early Career Members at the ERS Lung Science Conference: cell-matrix interactions in lung disease and regeneration: Early career forum.

http://ow.ly/6hjS30jB6P9.

The comparative efficacy and safety of sugammadex and neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults. A Cochrane systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

We compared the efficacy and safety of sugammadex and neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults. Our outcomes were: recovery time from second twitch to train-of-four ratio > 0.9; recovery time from post-tetanic count 1-5 to train-of-four ratio > 0.

Epithelial contribution to the profibrotic stiff microenvironment and myofibroblast population in lung fibrosis.

The contribution of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to the profibrotic stiff microenvironment and myofibroblast accumulation in pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. We examined EMT-competent lung epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts from control (fibrosis-free) donors or patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is a very aggressive fibrotic disorder. Cells were cultured on profibrotic conditions including stiff substrata and TGF-β1, and analyzed in terms of morphology, stiffness, and expression of EMT/myofibroblast markers and fibrillar collagens.

Efficacy and safety of sugammadex versus neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults.

Background: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine, have traditionally been used for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. However, these drugs have significant limitations, such as indirect mechanisms of reversal, limited and unpredictable efficacy, and undesirable autonomic responses. Sugammadex is a selective relaxant-binding agent specifically developed for rapid reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium.

Risk factors for reintervention after surgery for perforated gastroduodenal ulcer.

Background: Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer carries a high mortality rate. Need for reintervention after surgical repair is associated with worse outcome, but knowledge on risk factors for reintervention is limited. The aim was to identify prognostic risk factors for reintervention after perforated gastroduodenal ulcer in a nationwide cohort.

Anaesthesia care for emergency endoscopy for peptic ulcer bleeding. A nationwide population-based cohort study.

Objective: Currently, no standard approach exists to the level of monitoring or presence of staff with anaesthetic expertise required during emergency esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) for peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). We assess the association between anaesthesia care and mortality. We further describe the prevalence and inter-hospital variation of anaesthesia care in Denmark and identify clinical predictors for choosing anaesthesia care.

Body mass index is not associated with reoperation rates in patients with a surgically treated perforated peptic ulcer.

Introduction: The aim of the present nationwide Danish cohort study was to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and reoperation in patients who are sur-gically treated for perforated peptic ulcer (PPU).

Methods: This was a nationwide cohort study of all Danish patients who were surgically treated for benign gastric or duodenal PPU between 2011 and 2013.

Outcome Measures: reoperation within 30 days of the primary surgical procedure and 90-day survival.

Epidural analgesia in patients with traumatic rib fractures: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Traumatic rib fractures are a common condition associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Observational studies have suggested improved outcome in patients receiving continuous epidural analgesia (CEA). The aim of the present systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was to assess the benefit and harm of CEA compared with other analgesic interventions in patients with traumatic rib fractures.

Pulmonary toxicity following exposure to a tile coating product containing alkylsiloxanes. A clinical and toxicological evaluation.

Context: Coating products are widely used for making surfaces water and dirt repellent. However, on several occasions the use of these products has been associated with lung toxicity.

Objective: In the present study, we evaluated the toxic effects of an aerosolized tile-coating product.