Enhanced structural stability of formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr) perovskites in confined and coated configurations under varying pressures.

Formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr) perovskites are a rapidly emerging class of materials that have the potential to revolutionize optoelectronic and photovoltaic industries. It is now recognized that FAPbBr photoelectronic properties are strongly influenced by the underlying perovskite structure, with static and dynamic disorder among the lattice sites playing prominent roles. We show how these structure-property interactions may be exploited to enhance the photoluminescent properties of FAPbBr by increasing the relative amount of FAPbBr that is exposed to the surface of a substrate material.

A completely digital workflow for an anterior repositioning device.

An anterior repositioning device is an occlusal device that has been commonly used to treat temporomandibular joint pain associated with internal joint derangement. The functional component of the device is a ramp that guides the mandible along its habitual arc of closure and then directs it to slide forward into the required position. Traditionally, impressions could not capture the closing path, leading to significant chair time during appliance insertion, as the ramp had to be manually adjusted.

Enhancing hydrogen sulfide control in urban sewer systems using machine learning models: Development of a new predictive simulation approach by using boosting algorithm.

Sewer networks are important urban infrastructure for transporting sewage to treatment plants, yet the generation of hydrogen sulfide within these systems poses significant challenges. This acidic toxic gas not only emits foul odors but also causes corrosion, necessitating effective control measures. Recent studies have introduced a modelling approach to predict and control the formation of hydrogen sulfide in sewer system.

Class-Agnostic Repetitive Action Counting Using Wearable Devices.

We present Class-agnostic Repetitive action Counting (CaRaCount), a novel approach to count repetitive human actions in the wild using wearable devices time series data. CaRaCount is the first few-shot class-agnostic method, being able to count repetitions of any action class with only a short exemplar data sequence containing a few examples from the action class of interest. To develop and evaluate this method, we collect a large-scale time series dataset of repetitive human actions in various context, containing smartwatch data from 10 subjects performing 50 different activities.

Impact of methicillin-resistant surveillance and decolonization in the NICU: the Texas children's hospital experience.

Objective: To determine the impact of screening and decolonization on methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infection in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study comparing patient characteristics among MRSA-colonized and MRSA-infected infants, rates of MRSA infection before and after screening with targeted decolonization, and MRSA infection among those receiving single or combined decolonization agents.

Setting: Texas Children's Hospital Pavilion for Women is a 42-bed level three neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Houston, TX.

Adsorption characteristics of individual and binary mixture of ciprofloxacin antibiotic and lead(II) on synthesized bamboo-biochar.

Adsorption of individual and a binary mixture of ciprofloxacin antibiotic (CFX) and lead ion, Pb(II) on bamboo biochar was investigated in this study. Bamboo biochar which was successfully fabricated by pyrolysis was carefully characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, FT-IR, XPS and zeta potential measurements to confirm the porous structure and high specific surface area of 134 m g. Individual and simultaneous adsorption of CFX and Pb(II) on synthesized bamboo biochar was systematically studied by batch technique.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition preserves mitochondrial function and cell survival during the early onset of isoniazid-induced oxidative stress.

A comprehensive understanding of isoniazid (INH)-mediated hepatotoxic effects is essential for developing strategies to predict and prevent severe liver toxicity in tuberculosis treatment. In this study, we used multi-omics profiling in vitro to investigate the toxic effects of INH, revealing significant involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial impairment, redox imbalance, and altered metabolism. Additional analysis using transcriptomics data from repeated time-course INH treatments on human hepatic microtissues revealed that cellular responses to ER stress and oxidative stress happened prior to disturbances in mitochondrial complexes.

Altered hepatic metabolism mediates sepsis preventive effects of reduced glucose supply in infected preterm newborns.

Preterm infants are susceptible to neonatal sepsis, a syndrome of pro-inflammatory activity, organ damage, and altered metabolism following infection. Given the unique metabolic challenges and poor glucose regulatory capacity of preterm infants, their glucose intake during infection may have a high impact on the degree of metabolism dysregulation and organ damage. Using a preterm pig model of neonatal sepsis, we previously showed that a drastic restriction in glucose supply during infection protects against sepsis via suppression of glycolysis-induced inflammation, but results in severe hypoglycemia.

Plastic wastes for carbon-based materials: Investigations on recent applications towards environmentally sustainable, carbon dioxide capture and green energy.

The rapid growth in plastic production, coupled with inadequate waste management, has led to a significant accumulation of plastic waste in different environments. This raises substantial concerns about long-term ecological impacts, including bioaccumulation in organisms and potential risks to human health. This review focuses on plastic waste-derived carbon materials (PWCMs) and their role in promoting sustainable, eco-friendly energy solutions.

Reduced parenteral glucose supply during neonatal infection attenuates neurological and renal pathology associated with modulation of innate and Th1 immunity.

Background: Premature infants are highly susceptible to infections that can lead to sepsis with life-threatening organ dysfunctions. The clinical practice of high parenteral glucose supply in preterm infants can exacerbate infection outcomes through excessive glycolysis-induced inflammatory response. This in turn can affect the health of vital preterm organs, including the brain and kidneys.

Protein Digestibility and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Processed Whey Protein Ingredients for Infant Formula.

Conventional whey protein concentrate (WPC) and gently processed skim-milk-derived WPC (SPC) undergo heat processing to ensure microbial safety before use in infant formula products. Heat treatment and storage induce protein structural changes, which may modulate digestibility and bioactivity. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment and storage on the SPC ingredient by subjecting it to heat treatment (80 °C, 30 s) with or without an additional six-week storage at 37 °C (resulting in HT-SPC and HTS-SPC, respectively) and to compare these effects with a reference WPC ingredient.

Genetic landscape of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in Vietnam: A prospective multicenter study.

Background: In many developing regions, genetic data on Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) remains scarce.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the genetic landscape of CMT in Vietnam to guide the development of cost-effective diagnostic algorithms for patients with suspected genetic neuropathies.

Methods: We recruited 44 patients with a diagnosis of CMT from three tertiary centers between March 2021 and December 2023 and recorded their clinical and electrophysiological characteristics.

Soft Tissue Inflammation of the Arm and Hand Caused by Human Bites.

Wounds caused by human bites have a high infection rate. A 59-year-old male patient came to our poison control center because of soft tissue injuries in the left arm and left hand, pain, swelling, and necrosis. Before entering the hospital, he had a high fever.

Exploring the Potential of Chitosan-Phytochemical Composites in Preventing the Contamination of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria on Food Surfaces: A Review.

The escalating presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in food systems presents a pressing challenge, particularly in preventing contamination and ensuring food safety. Traditional sanitation methods, such as cooking and chemical disinfectants, provide effective means to reduce ARB, yet there is a growing need for additional preventive measures directly on food surfaces. This review explores the potential of chitosan-phytochemical composites (CPCs) as surface coatings to prevent the initial contamination of food by ARB, thereby offering a novel complementary approach to conventional food safety practices.

Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women in northern Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of GDM is necessary to plan health care interventions and policy.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of GDM in Thai Binh, Vietnam.

Rates of long-term risk of revision and complications in total elbow arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) poses unique challenges in total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) due to systemic inflammation. Previous studies suggest higher revision rates in RA patients after TEA, yet comprehensive investigations have not been conducted. We theorized that RA patients undergoing TEA would demonstrate a greater likelihood and risk of requiring revision procedures compared to those without RA.

Postnatal enteral plasma supplementation following birth asphyxia increases fluid retention and kidney health in newborn pigs.

Birth asphyxia can result in kidney dysfunction, disturbances in systemic electrolytes and fluid balance in newborns. Currently, there is no proven dietary approach to support asphyxiated newborns. This study investigates whether oral plasma supplementation improves kidney function and overall health in asphyxiated newborns.

Cyanide Functionalization and Oxygen Vacancy Creation in Ni-Fe Nano Petals Sprinkled with MIL-88A Derived Metal Oxide Nano Droplets for Bifunctional Alkaline Seawater Electrolysis.

This work investigates novel improvements in FeNi-layered double hydroxide (LDH)/MIL-88A heterocomposite for sustainable seawater electrolysis through a single-step dual functionalization process. The Fe/Ni precursor weight ratio is optimized, resulting in the formation of smaller LDH petals and nano-sized MIL-88A metal-organic framework, which transforms into clusters of FeO nanospheres within a nitrogen-functionalized carbon matrix over NiFeO nano petals upon calcination. Furthermore, oxygen vacancies, and nitrogen functionalization are attained in a single step by employing thermal ammonia reduction, significantly improving the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities.

Characterisation of nocturnal arrhythmia avalanche dynamics: Insights from generalised linear model analysis.

Nocturnal arrhythmia avalanche (NAA) episodes, characterised by transient non-sustained cardiac arrhythmias during sleep, have been demonstrated as a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. However, their dynamics and association with sleep architecture and events remain unclear. While generalised linear models (GLM) have captured sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) dynamics, their application to NAA remains underexplored.

Temperature Dependence of the Band Gap and Exciton Photoreflectance in Layered Gallium Telluride.

Among Group III-A metal monochalcogenides, gallium telluride (GaTe) is one of the less studied materials in terms of applications and optical characterization. For the temperature dependence of the energy transitions in GaTe, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is commonly used, and photomodulated reflectance (PR) is yet to be reported. In this work, layered monoclinic GaTe single crystals were synthesized by the Bridgman technique and used for the investigation of the conduction band (CB) edge and free-exciton (FX) state transitions using PR spectroscopy.

School neighborhood deprivation is associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension.

Objectives: To examine the association between socioeconomic characteristics of school neighborhoods and the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents.

Study Design: We performed a secondary data analysis of over 21,000 adolescents who participated in a school BP surveillance program between 2000 and 2017. BP status was confirmed by BP measurements on up to 3 occasions to diagnose sustained hypertension according to standard pediatric hypertension guidelines.

In perennial allergic rhinitis, RQLQ is improved similarly by Azelastine 0.15 and mometasone furoate.

Unlabelled: Some double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have shown that Azelastine (Aze) high dose (0.15%) was effective in seasonal (SAR) and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). However, there was no long-term comparison between Aze 0.

Stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in intermediate-risk emergency department patients with abnormal high-sensitivity troponin.

Background: Patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain often have abnormal high-sensitivity troponin (hsTn). However, only about 5% have an acute coronary syndrome. We aimed to assess the safety, feasibility, and utility of a clinical disposition protocol, including outpatient observation with stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in intermediate-risk patients with abnormal hsTn of unclear etiology.

Abolition of Aorticorenal Ganglia Pacing Responses Improves Denervation Efficacy.

Background: Transcatheter renal denervation (RDN) remains inconsistent despite developments in ablation technologies, due to the lack of an intraprocedural physiological end point. The aim of this study was to identify if aorticorenal ganglion (ARG) guided RDN using microwave (MW) catheter leads to more consistent denervation outcomes compared with empirical MW ablation.

Methods: Pigs underwent sham procedure (n=8) or bilateral RDN using an in-house built open-irrigated MW catheter.

Encapsulation of Oil Droplets Using Film-Forming Janus Nanoparticles.

Polymer Janus nanoparticles with one hard cross-linked polystyrene lobe and one soft film-forming poly(methyl methacrylate--butyl acrylate) lobe were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated emulsion polymerization. The Janus nanoparticles adsorbed to oil/water and air/water interfaces, where the soft lobes coalesced, forming films of thickness between 25 and 250 nm; droplets of silicone oil could be stably encapsulated in polymer in this way. When prepared by mechanical mixing without additives, capsules of diameter 5-500 μm could be prepared, and with additives and application of heat, capsules of diameter around 5 μm were achieved, even with highly viscous silicone oil (20,000 cSt).