Interactive effects of maternal and weaning high linoleic acid intake on hepatic lipid metabolism, oxylipins profile and hepatic steatosis in offspring.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been described as a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. When several studies correlated maternal linoleic acid (LA) intake with the development of obesity, only few links have been made between n-6 fatty acid (FA) and NAFLD. Herein, we investigated the influence of both maternal and weaning high LA intake on lipid metabolism and susceptibility to develop later metabolic diseases in offspring.

Adipogenic genes expression in relation to hepatic steatosis in the liver of two duck species.

Some studies have shown that expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), a key regulator of adipogenesis, and of some adipocyte-specific genes or adipokines are expressed in hepatic steatosis, leading to the concept of 'adipogenic hepatic steatosis' or 'hepatic adiposis.' Most of these studies were conducted in genetic obese mouse models or after manipulation of gene expression. The relevance of this concept to other species and more physiological models was here addressed in ducks which are able to develop hepatic steatosis after overfeeding.

Synthesis of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 conjugated linoleic acid isomer in ruminant mammary tissue by FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid.

The octadecadienoic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer with trans-11 and cis-13 double bonds (trans-11,cis-13 CLA) has been described in ruminant milk. For now, this specific CLA is suspected to derive exclusively from ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary α-linolenic acid. However, in rodents, the fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene was recently shown to code for an enzyme able to catalyze the unexpected Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid, producing a Δ11,13-CLA with all the structural characteristics of the trans-11,cis-13 isomer, although no commercial standard exists for complete conclusive identification.

Caplacizumab for Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Background: Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is caused by aggregation of platelets on ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers. This microvascular thrombosis causes multiorgan ischemia with potentially life-threatening complications. Daily plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapies induce remission, but mortality and morbidity due to microthrombosis remain high.

Dietary Caprylic Acid (C8:0) Does Not Increase Plasma Acylated Ghrelin but Decreases Plasma Unacylated Ghrelin in the Rat.

Focusing on the caprylic acid (C8:0), this study aimed at investigating the discrepancy between the formerly described beneficial effects of dietary medium chain fatty acids on body weight loss and the C8:0 newly reported effect on food intake via ghrelin octanoylation. During 6 weeks, Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed with three dietary C8:0 levels (0, 8 and 21% of fatty acids) in three experimental conditions (moderate fat, caloric restriction and high fat). A specific dose-response enrichment of the stomach tissue C8:0 was observed as a function of dietary C8:0, supporting the hypothesis of an early preduodenal hydrolysis of medium chain triglycerides and a direct absorption at the gastric level.

Trans-vaccenate is Δ13-desaturated by FADS3 in rodents.

Fatty acid desaturases play critical roles in regulating the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in all biological kingdoms. As opposed to plants, mammals are so far characterized by the absence of desaturases introducing additional double bonds at the methyl-end site of fatty acids. However, the function of the mammalian fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene remains unknown.

Anterior cruciate ligament injury diagnosis and management in a pediatric patient: a case report.

Unlabelled: The management of the skeletally immature athlete sustaining injury to the anterior cruciate ligament and other knee structures provides multiple challenges for both the treating clinicians and parents of the injured child. The diagnostic process and subsequent decision making present additional complexities because of the developmental anatomy and the potential for disturbance of normal growth patterns by some surgical interventions. In the following case report, the course to appropriate management of a young athlete is detailed, including the contributions of imaging results.

von Willebrand factor inhibition improves endothelial function in patients with stable angina.

ALX-0081 is a novel nano-antibody inhibiting von Willebrand factor (vWF). We evaluated whether direct inhibition of vWF by ALX-0081 improves endothelial function. Stable patients (pts, n = 55) with single vessel disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomized to ALX-0081 (n = 38) or placebo (n = 17).

Detection of a Cis [corrected] eQTL controlling BCMO1 gene expression leads to the identification of a QTG for chicken breast meat color.

Classical quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis and gene expression QTL (eQTL) were combined to identify the causal gene (or QTG) underlying a highly significant QTL controlling the variation of breast meat color in a F2 cross between divergent high-growth (HG) and low-growth (LG) chicken lines. Within this meat quality QTL, BCMO1 (Accession number GenBank: AJ271386), encoding the β-carotene 15, 15'-monooxygenase, a key enzyme in the conversion of β-carotene into colorless retinal, was a good functional candidate. Analysis of the abundance of BCMO1 mRNA in breast muscle of the HG x LG F2 population allowed for the identification of a strong cis eQTL.

Regulation of LPCAT3 by LXR.

In this work we analyzed the transcriptome profiles of chicken hepatoma cells (LMH) in response to T0901317, a pharmacological agonist of the liver X receptor (LXR). Through an in silico search for LXRE (LXR response element) consensus sequences in the promoter of genes whose expression was shown to be sensitive to TO901317, we identified a LXRE in the promoter of the LPCAT3 (lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3). This motif is highly conserved between species.

Liver X receptor alpha regulates fatty acid synthase expression in chicken.

Liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha), also referred to as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3 is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, and has recently been shown to act as a master transcription factor governing hepatic lipogenesis in mammals. Liver X receptor alpha directly regulates both the expression of other lipogenic transcription factors and the expression of lipogenic enzymes, thereby enhancing hepatic fatty acid synthesis (FASN). In birds, like in humans, fatty acid synthesis primarily occurs in the liver.

Comparing the performances of Diggle's tests of spatial randomness for small samples with and without edge-effect correction: application to ecological data.

Diggle's tests of spatial randomness based on empirical distributions of interpoint distances can be performed with and without edge-effect correction. We present here numerical results illustrating that tests without the edge-effect correction proposed by Diggle (1979, Biometrics 35, 87-101) have a higher power for small sample sizes than those with correction. Ignoring the correction enables detection of departure from spatial randomness with smaller samples (down to 10 points vs.

Efficacy of biventricular sensing and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.

While much is known concerning the hemodynamic effects of biventricular (BV) pacing, little has been reported concerning the efficacy of BV sensing and pacing in the detection and treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Two hundred nineteen heart failure (HF) patients with VT or VF and a QRS > or = 120 ms during sinus rhythm received an ICD capable of BV pacing and sensing. Detection times of induced VF and success rates for terminating induced VT were measured.

Performance of a new steroid-eluting coronary sinus lead designed for left ventricular pacing.

The Ventak CHF/CONTAK CD Biventricular Pacing Study is a prospective randomized trial to examine the safety and efficacy of biventricular (BV) pacing in patients with standard indications for an ICD, symptomatic heart failure, a LVEF < or = 0.35, and a QRS > or = 120 ms. Patients underwent implantation of a BV pacing and sensing system with backup defibrillation capability, which includes a steroid-eluting coronary venous lead that is advanced into the coronary venous vasculature by over-the-wire techniques.

A new and reliable method of individual ventricular capture identification during biventricular pacing threshold testing.

Biventricular (BV) pacing for the treatment of heart failure is in clinical investigation. In the absence of independent outputs for separate pacing of each ventricle, a method is needed to determine the respective LV versus RV thresholds. A technique was developed and validated to distinguish BV capture from LV or RV capture from a multilead surface ECG.

Impact of biventricular pacing on mortality in a randomized crossover study of patients with heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias.

Biventricular (BV) pacing is under clinical investigation for the treatment of heart failure. Its impact on mortality is unknown. Patients with heart failure and ventricular tachyarrhythmias received an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with BV pacing capability.

The effect of cetirizine on symptoms and signs of nasal polyposis.

Forty-five patients with residual or recurrent nasal polyposis after ethmoidectomy were treated with either cetirizine at twice the daily recommended (20 mg) dose or placebo for three months. The number and size of polyps remained unchanged during the study period. Cetirizine was found to reduce nasal sneezing and rhinorrhoea effectively.

Efficacy and safety relative to placebo of an oral formulation of cetirizine and sustained-release pseudoephedrine in the management of nasal congestion.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of an oral formulation of cetirizine 5 mg with sustained-release pseudoephedrine (PSE) 120 mg relative to placebo in patients with nasal congestion.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with perennial rhinitis due to house-dust-mite (HDM) allergy were recruited in this crossover study. A treatment period of 1 week, in which cetirizine/PSE was administered twice daily, was followed by a washout period of at least 2 weeks and a further period of 1 week in which the alternative treatment was given to each patient.

[Study of statistical test connections in non-orthogonal analysis of variance].

In the Analysis of Variance, we quite often split up the model to test different hypotheses about the model. However, when we analyse the results, we must not forget that the statistics used for the tests are not stochastically independent, either for an orthogonal design, because the test statistics have the same denominator, or for non-orthogonal design. In the latter case, test statistics have not only the same denominator but also not-independent numerators.

Sulfalene with pyrimethamine and chloroquine with pyrimethamine in single-dose treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections. A trial in a rural population in northern Nigeria.

A comparative trial was carried out in northern Nigeria of the ability of the drug combinations chloroquine-pyrimethamine and sulfalene-pyrimethamine to clear the peripheral blood stream of asexual forms of P. falciparum within 7 days. The reappearance of asexual P.