Glycemic response, satiety, gastric secretions and emptying after bread consumption with water, tea or lemon juice: a randomized crossover intervention using MRI.

Purpose: Numerous studies, including our previous work with lemon juice, have reported that low-pH meals reduce the glycemic response to starchy foods. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet understood. Tea, for its polyphenol content, has also been investigated.

High-Relaxivity Molecular MRI Contrast Agent to Target Gb3-Expressing Cancer Cells.

Targeted contrast agents (CAs) can improve magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for accurate cancer diagnosis. In this work, we used the Shiga toxin B-subunit (STxB) as a targeting agent, which binds to Gb3, a glycosphingolipid highly overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells. We developed STxB-targeted MRI probes from cyclic peptide scaffolds functionalized with six to nine monoamide DO3A[Gd(III)] chelates.

A temperature-controlled cryogen free cryostat integrated with transceiver-mode superconducting coil for high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

Small-sized High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) radiofrequency coils are used in a number of micro-magnetic resonance imaging applications and demonstrate a high detection sensitivity that improves the signal-to-noise ratio. However, the use of HTS coils could be limited by the rarity of cryostats that are suitable for the MR environment. This study presents a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible and easily operated cryogen-free cryostat based on the pulse tube cryocooler technology for the cooling and monitoring of HTS coils below the temperature of liquid nitrogen.

Design of a fast field-cycling magnetic resonance imaging system, characterization and methods for relaxation dispersion measurements around 1.5 T.

The dependence of the nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation rate on the magnetic field has been widely studied, in particular, in biomedical areas with the objectives to better understand the underlying microscopic mechanisms in tissues and provide biomarkers of diseases. By combining fast-field cycling (FFC) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it is possible to provide localized relaxation dispersion measurements in heterogeneous systems with recent demonstrations in solutions, biological samples, human beings, and small animals. We report here the developments and performances of a device designed for small animal FFC-MRI comprising a resistive insert technology operating inside a 1.

A new paradigm for lung-conservative total liquid ventilation.

Background: Total liquid ventilation (TLV) of the lungs could provide radically new benefits in critically ill patients requiring lung lavage or ultra-fast cooling after cardiac arrest. It consists in an initial filling of the lungs with perfluorocarbons and subsequent tidal ventilation using a dedicated liquid ventilator. Here, we propose a new paradigm for a lung-conservative TLV using pulmonary volumes of perfluorocarbons below functional residual capacity (FRC).

Quantitative Gd-DOTA-based aerosol deposition mapping in the lungs of asthmatic rats using 3D UTE-MRI.

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease, commonly treated with inhaled therapy. Better understanding of the mechanisms of aerosol deposition is required to improve inhaled drug delivery. Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI acquisitions at 1.

Molecular Imaging to Predict Response to Targeted Therapies in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Molecular magnetic resonance imaging targeted to an endothelial integrin involved in neoangiogenesis was compared to DCE-US and immunochemistry to assess the early response of three different therapeutic agents in renal cell carcinoma. Human A498 renal cells carcinoma was subcutaneously inoculated into 24 nude mice. Mice received either phosphate-buffered saline solution, sunitinib, everolimus, or bevacizumab during 4 days.

Evaluation of lung recovery after static administration of three different perfluorocarbons in pigs.

Background: The respiratory properties of perfluorocarbons (PFC) have been widely studied for liquid ventilation in humans and animals. Several PFC were tested but their tolerance may depend on the species. Here, the effects of a single administration of liquid PFC into pig lungs were assessed and compared.

In vivo MR imaging of the human skin at subnanoliter resolution using a superconducting surface coil at 1.5 Tesla.

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of a highly sensitive superconducting surface coil for microscopic MRI of the human skin in vivo in a clinical 1.5 Tesla (T) scanner.

Materials And Methods: A 12.

Lynxacarus radovskyi infestation in a cat.

An adult domestic short-hair cat from south Texas was examined because of excessive dandruff on the back, neck, thorax, and hind limbs. Removal of a few hairs for microscopic evaluation revealed Lynxacarus radovskyi, the cat fur mite. The small (< 0.

Radionuclide determination of cardiac outputs and indices.

A radionuclide procedure for the determination of cardiac output is presented. Cardiac outputs estimated by the proposed method are compared to those obtained by the temperature dilution method during right heart catheterization. A new index of cardiac performance is also presented: cardiac output as a percentage of total blood volume.

Abrupt termination of the common bile duct: a sign of malignancy identified by high-resolution real-time sonography.

Although contrast cholangiography has a greater accuracy than sonography in determining the precise nature of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, it is not without risk. High-resolution real-time sonography is frequently adequate to evaluate the extrahepatic biliary system in multiple planes without known risk to the patient. In a one-year period the authors prospectively observed eight instances of distal biliary obstruction with abrupt termination of the common bile duct, and all were associated with malignant obstruction.

Ultrasonographic determination of renal mass and renal volume.

Volumes and surface areas of 45 kidneys were determined ultrasonographically in vivo before autopsy and in a water bath phantom after autopsy by means of both the ellipsoid and the stepped section methods. Comparison of results revealed that renal volume may be determined by the simplest method, the ellipsoid method, with sufficient accuracy for clinical use. Results also revealed that renal mass expressed in grams may be directly obtained from renal volume expressed in milliliters, but mass in grams was found to correlate better with renal surface area than with renal volume.

Determination of left-ventricular volume from first-pass kinetics of labeled red cells.

A mathematical model is presented for the dynamics of a bolus of technetium-99m-labeled red blood cells through the left ventricle. It is used to correct for attenuation the count rate observed over the left ventricle during a conventional gated blood-pool study. The left-ventricular volumes are calculated from the corrected count rates and expressed as a percentage of total blood volume, or in absolute terms if a blood sample is obtained.