Shade management using a new zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate press ceramic system and leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic veneering system.

The adhesive bonding technique together with tooth-colored ceramic material in fabricating veneers is considered one of the greatest achievements in modern prosthodontics. There is a wide range of indications for veneers, but they are most commonly used to establish adequate function and mask tooth discolorations and inappropriate tooth shape, size or position. A large variety of all-ceramic materials with excellent properties is available on the market today.

Patients' Assessments of Tooth Sensitivity Increase One Day Following Different Whitening Treatments.

Objectives: The aim of this clinical study was to compare tooth sensitivity scores and color change values before and 1 day following whitening treatments using different concentrations of whitening agents for in-office and at-home procedures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 participants divided into 3 groups were included in this study. A whitening procedure was carried out in groups using 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) in in-office treatment, 16% and 10% carbamide peroxide (CP), respectively.

A clinical study assessing the short-term efficacy of combined in-office/at-home whitening treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of color change in combined in-office/at-home whitening.

Materials And Methods: Thirty participants were randomly divided into two groups: 15 received combined treatment in-office whitening (6% hydrogen peroxide + 2 weeks at-home whitening with 16% carbamide peroxide [CP]); 15 were assigned to control group. Instrumental color measurements were obtained before whitening (t ), immediately after in-office whitening (t ), after 1 week of active treatments (t ), and at the completion of the whitening treatment (t ).

Salivary Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Chronic Temporomandibular Disorders Is Dependent on Source and Intensity of Pain - A Pilot Study.

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been associated with altered salivary oxidative status, but the relation with pain source and pain severity isn't clarified. With the aim to assess their interaction with TMD, we compared levels of selected salivary oxidative stress (OS) markers (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde) and salivary cortisol (SC) as a stress indicator, between 20 TMD patients and 15 healthy control subjects. In order to record differences relating to pain source and severity, patients were respectively classified according to specific diagnoses (myofascial pain or disc displacement (DD)), and pain intensity (high or low).

Effect of Clinical Experience on the Shade Matching Accuracy in Different Dental Occupational Groups.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical experience level on the shade matching accuracy in different dental occupational groups.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 participants, assigned to one of four groups depending on the level of their clinical experience in shade matching: dental technicians (DTs), residents in prosthodontics (RPs), specialists in prosthodontics (SPs) and dental students (DSs) took part in the study. They were asked to use Tooth guide Training Box (TTB) and determine 15 standardized shade tabs using VITA 3D-Master shade guide.

Within-Subject Reliability and between-Subject Variability of Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva of Healthy Subjects: A Longitudinal Pilot Study.

The present study evaluated diurnal variations and day-to-day fluctuations of salivary oxidative stress (OS) markers in healthy adult individuals. Whole unstimulated saliva was collected at 2 time intervals over 3 consecutive days. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and uric acid (UA) were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods, while 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using immunoassays.

Influence of Light Conditions and Light Sources on Clinical Measurement of Natural Teeth Color using VITA Easyshade Advance 4,0 Spectrophotometer. Pilot Study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare lightness (L), chroma (C) and hue (h), green-red (a) and blue-yellow (b) character of the color of maxillary right central incisors in different light conditions and light sources.

Materials And Methods: Two examiners who were well trained in digital color evaluation participated in the research. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to analyze intra- and interobserver reliability.

In Vitro Evaluation and Comparison of the Translucency of Two Different All-Ceramic Systems.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the translucency of two different all-ceramic systems using Vita Easyshade digital shade matching device in an in vitro model.

Materials And Methods: Translucency of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max Press) and zirconia all-ceramic system (Ceramill ZI) were evaluated and compared.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Different Types of Mandibular Implant Overdentures in Function Longer Than 3 Years.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients treated with three different types of mandibular implant overdentures (IOD) after at least 3 years in function.

Materials And Methods: A total of 122 patients treated with mini implant (50), locator (56), or bar (16) mandibular IODs participated. Modified plaque (PI) and gingival (GI) indices were also assessed.

Radiomorphometric indices of mandibular bones in an 18th century population.

Objective: To estimate four radiomorphometric indices of mandibular bones in an 18th century population sample, and possibly associate the findings with bone mass loss related to sex, age, nutritional habits and pathologies reflecting on the bone.

Design: Thirty-six sculls (31 males, 5 females), recovered from the crypt of Požega Cathedral in Croatia were analyzed. Age estimation was based on tooth wear, and Eichner class was determined according to the number of occlusal supporting zones.

Influence of Gender on the Patient's Assessment of Restorations on the Upper Anterior Teeth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of patients' satisfaction with appearance of maxillary anterior teeth restorations and to determine if there is a significant difference in patients' assessment of restoration appearance with regard to gender.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred subjects evaluated the colour, anatomical shape and surface texture of maxillary anterior teeth restorations (composite fillings, acrylic faceted metal crowns, porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns and all-ceramic crowns) in comparison with adjacent natural teeth. The data were expressed in patients' average assessment scores for colour, anatomical shape and surface texture as well as overall patients' average assessment scores for every type of restoration and overall patients' average assessment scores for colour, anatomical shape and surface texture of all the restorations in general.

Residual ridge atrophy in complete denture wearers and relationship with densitometric values of a cervical spine: a hierarchical regression analysis.

Background: The rate of residual ridge atrophy (RRR) and its association with mineral density of other bones have not yet been fully explained.

Objective: To measure RRR over a 5-year period in complete denture wearers and relate it to the density of a cervical spine (CSBD).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-two patients (different gender, age, body mass index, duration of edentulousness (DE) and different denture-wearing habits) participated.

Influence of esthetic dental and facial measurements on the Caucasian patients' satisfaction.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate how some esthetic dental and facial measurements may correlate the variability of patients' ratings of their satisfaction with the maxillary anterior teeth appearance in different gender groups.

Materials And Methods: The following measurements were made on 78 Caucasian subjects: width and length of each maxillary anterior tooth, their distal gingival zenith displacements, the upper lip height, intercommisural width, maximum maxillary central incisal, and gingival display at rest and smile. All the patients rated their satisfaction with the dental appearance on the visual-analogue scale (0 meaning absolute dissatisfaction, whereas 4 indicated complete satisfaction).

Decreasing of residual alveolar ridge height in complete denture wearers. A five year follow up study.

The resorption of the residual alveolar ridges is a chronic and continuous process of bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to analyse the rate of residual ridge resorption at different sites in the both jaws in complete denture wearers, through a five-year period of denture wearing. Residual ridge changes were measured on successive lateral cephalograms at 5 measurement points of the maxilla and the mandible.

A quantitative evaluation of the distal displacement of the gingival zenith in the maxillary anterior teeth.

The aim of this study was to quantify the specific distal displacement of the gingival zenith in the maxillary anterior dentition. Bilateral measurements, taken with a digital caliper in maxillary stone casts were recorded in six maxillary anterior teeth to evaluate distal displacement of the gingival zenith in relation to the long axis of the crowns. The gingival zenith was distally displaced between 0.

Surgical treatment of pathologic fractures in patients with metastatic tumors.

The study presents results in treatment of pathologic fractures of long bones of all patients who underwent surgery in the last 10 years in our hospital. The study cohort comprised 133 consecutive patients divided in two groups who underwent surgery of long bone fractures caused by metastatic tumor or trauma. We used resection, open reduction and plating with bone cement application for pathologic fracture and some cases of femoral shaft fractures were stabilized with intramedullary nailing.

Linear vertical jaw resorption potential in elderly complete denture wearers: a five-year follow-up study.

Human bones decrease in quality and increase in porosity beginning at about the third decade of life. The aim of this study was to establish an equation to predict the maxillary and mandibular linear vertical resorption potential for elderly edentulous patients on the basis of the analysis of the cervical vertebrae in a single cephalometric radiograph. The morphology of the bodies of the third and fourth cervical vertebrae and measurements of linear vertical resorption in the frontal region of the jaws were analyzed in two consecutive cephalometric observations of 26 elderly edentulous patients over the five-year period of wearing complete dentures.

Factors related to patients' general satisfaction with removable partial dentures: a stepwise multiple regression analysis.

This study aimed to analyze factors related to patients' general satisfaction with removable partial dentures (RPDs), such as esthetics, retention, speech, chewing, and comfort. A total of 103 patients with Kennedy Class I RPDs (34 to 82 years old; mean age: 63; 35 men, 68 women) assessed their satisfaction with dentures. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among the factors.

Analysis of width/length ratios of normal clinical crowns of the maxillary anterior dentition: correlation between dental proportions and facial measurements.

This study aimed to determine how facial measurements explain the variability of dental proportions. The following measurements were obtained from 90 subjects: width and length of each maxillary anterior tooth, length of the nose, length of the upper lip, facial length (including the lengths of the facial thirds), intercanthal width, interalar width, intercommisural width while smiling, and maximum central incisor exposure while smiling. The combination of all facial measurements explained the variability of maxillary anterior teeth width/length ratios by only 20% to 38% in men and 16% to 27% in women.

[Assessment tools in early detection of osteoporosis in dentistry].

Osteoporosis, one of the major skeletal diseases in older age, is characterised by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration with a resulting increase in bone fragility and hence susceptibility to fracture. In this review we analyse the systemic and local factors associated with oral bone mass loss. Systemic factors most often correlated with the oral bone mass loss include osteoporosis, renal diseases, hormonal disorders, diet and the impact of different drugs on the bony structure.

Relationship of slightly limited mandibular movements to temporomandibular disorders.

Mandibular movements have been analyzed extensively in the past for prosthodontic reasons, and more recently to study the function of the masticatory system. This study investigated the range of mandibular movements in a young male population, and analyzed the difference in range of mouth opening, right and left lateral movements, and protrusive movement between asymptomatic subjects (control group) and patients with clinical diagnoses of temporomandibular disorders. A total of 180 subjects, aged 19-28 years, were included in the study.

Factors related to patient satisfaction with complete denture therapy.

Background: Except for denture quality, many other factors are related to a patient's satisfaction with complete dentures (CDs).

Methods: A total of 222 patients with CDs took a part in this study. A questionnaire divided into 3 parts was completed by both the patients and the dentist, independently.

Influence of body mass index and the time of edentulousness on the residual alveolar ridge resorption in complete denture wearers.

Alveolar bone loss (RRR) is a continuous process following tooth extraction, more pronounced during the first few months after the tooth extraction than later. The RRR in the mandible is twice that of the maxilla during a 1-year period and the mandibular: maxillary resorption ratio increases further to 4:1. So far, the etiology of RRR has not been elucidated.

Measurement of mandibular movements in patients with temporomandibular disorders and in asymptomatic subjects.

The aim of the study was to investigate the range of mandibular movements and to analyze the difference in range of mouth opening, right and left lateral movements, and protrusive movement between patients with clinical diagnoses of temporomandibular disorders and asymptomatic subjects (control group) in a young male population. A total of 240 subjects, aged 19-28, were included in the study. The TMD sample comprised 180 patients (60 patients with muscle disorders; 60 patients with disc displacement with reduction; and 60 patients with muscle disorders and disc displacement with reduction) and was compared with 60 healthy control subjects.

A comparison of patient's satisfaction between complete and partial removable denture wearers.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare satisfaction between complete denture (CD) and Kennedy Class I removable partial denture (RPD) wearers.

Materials And Methods: A total of 156 CD and 112 RPD wearers took a part in this study. From the primary group of the examined patients, only those whose RPDs and CDs were assessed as excellent or very good by the dentist, took a part in this study.