Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation of 80 Tomato Varieties Using Vis-NIR Spectroscopy.

Traditional biochemical methods are resource- and time-consuming; therefore, there is a need for cost-effective alternatives. A spectral analysis is one of the non-destructive techniques that are more widely used for fruit quality determination; however, references are needed for traditional methods. In this study, visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the internal quality attributes of tomatoes.

Conjugates of Methylene Blue with Cycloalkaneindoles as New Multifunctional Agents for Potential Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease.

The development of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) would provide effective therapy of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) with complex and nonclear pathogenesis. A promising method to create such potential drugs is combining neuroactive pharmacophoric groups acting on different biotargets involved in the pathogenesis of ND. We developed a synthetic algorithm for the conjugation of indole derivatives and methylene blue (), which are pharmacophoric ligands that act on the key stages of pathogenesis.

Algorithm for Designing a Removable Complete Denture (RCD) Based on the FEM Analysis of Its Service Life.

(1) Background: The paper addresses the computer simulation and prediction of the service life of the base of removable complete dentures (RCDs) under typical loads caused by biting and chewing food. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) was used. It is assumed that various blocks of teeth, such as incisors, canines, premolars and molars, are subjected to cyclic impacts during a human life.

Microbial Adhesion to Dental Polymers for Conventional, Computer-Aided Subtractive and Additive Manufacturing: A Comparative In Vitro Study.

Modern structural materials are represented by a variety of polymer materials used for dental patients' rehabilitation. They differ not only in physico-chemical properties, but also in microbiological properties, which is one of the reasons why these materials are chosen. The study focused on the microbial adhesion of clinical isolates of normal (5 types), periodontopathogenic (2 types), and fungal (2 types) microbiotas to various materials based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) intended for traditional (cold-cured and hot-cured polymers), computer-aided subtractive and additive manufacturing.

Changes in Greenhouse Grown Tomatoes Metabolite Content Depending on Supplemental Light Quality.

Tomatoes ( L.) are good source of several biologically active compounds and antioxidants, especially lycopene, phenolic compounds, and vitamins. Tomatoes are found all over the world and are cultivated in a wide variety of environmental conditions.

Conjugation of Aminoadamantane and γ-Carboline Pharmacophores Gives Rise to Unexpected Properties of Multifunctional Ligands.

A new series of conjugates of aminoadamantane and γ-carboline, which are basic scaffolds of the known neuroactive agents, memantine and dimebon (Latrepirdine) was synthesized and characterized. Conjugates act simultaneously on several biological structures and processes involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and some other neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, these compounds inhibit enzymes of the cholinesterase family, exhibiting higher inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), but having almost no effect on the activity of carboxylesterase (anti-target).

Stimulation of sewage sludge treatment by carbon sources and bioaugmentation with a sludge-derived microbial consortium.

Recently, sewage sludge (SS) disposal has become one of the greatest global challenges. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of faba bean straw (Straw-B), wheat straw (Straw-W), and wood-chip pellets (WCP) amended to SS, as well as bioaugmentation (BA), on the physicochemical characteristics and structure of the microbial community of the treated SS. Sixteen days of incubation of SS-containing mixtures revealed the highest efficiency of Straw-W(BA) in terms of SS stabilisation, i.

[Diagnostic criteria for the transition from occlusal splints to non-removable orthopedic appliances in patients with TMJ dysfunction with disc disorders].

The aim of the study was to elaborate Diagnostic criteria for the transition from occlusal splints to non-removable orthopedic appliances in patients with TMJ dysfunction with disc disorders. The study involved 95 patients with the clinics of TMJ dysfunction. An examination included electrovibrography and computerized electromyography in order to assess diagnostic value of the methods.

Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of New Binary Conjugates of γ-Carbolines.

The synthesized new binary conjugates of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines, which contained ditriazole spacers of different length, exhibited considerable anticholinesterase and antioxidant activity as well as the potential ability to block the acetylcholinesterase-induced aggregation of β-amyloid in contrast to the original prototype Dimebon. This makes the compounds promising candidates for further investigation as drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Special attention should be given to the conjugate containing the hexamethylene intertriazole spacer, which can be considered as a leader in this series of compounds.

Conjugates of methylene blue with γ-carboline derivatives as new multifunctional agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

We studied the inhibitory activity of methylene blue (MB) γ-carbolines (gC) conjugates (MB-gCs) against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE), equine serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and a structurally related enzyme, porcine liver carboxylesterase (CaE). In addition, we determined the ability of MB-gCs to bind to the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of Electrophorus electricus AChE (EeAChE) and competitively displace propidium iodide from this site. Moreover, we examined the ability of MB-gCs to scavenge free radicals as well as their influence on mitochondrial potential and iron-induced lipid peroxidation.

Faba Bean Cultivation - Revealing Novel Managing Practices for More Sustainable and Competitive European Cropping Systems.

Faba beans are highly nutritious because of their high protein content: they are a good source of mineral nutrients, vitamins, and numerous bioactive compounds. Equally important is the contribution of faba bean in maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems, as it is highly efficient in the symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. This article provides an overview of factors influencing faba bean yield and quality, and addresses the main biotic and abiotic constraints.

[Mineral composition of mixed saliva in patients with dental fluorosis].

The aim of the study was to assess the mineral composition of mixed saliva in dental fluorosis patients undergoing treatment with microabrasion and bleaching. The study included 60 patients aged 18-35 years with various forms of dental fluorosis. Group 1 included 40 patients in which enamel microabrasion was performed, group 2 - 20 patients with microabrasion and bleaching.

N,N'-Substituted Selenoureas as Polyfunctional Antioxidants.

Analysis of antioxidant activity of synthesized selenourea derivatives showed that N,N'-substituted selenoureas inhibited Fe(III)-induced LPO in rat brain homogenate. On the other hand, oxygen- and sulfur-containing analogs exhibited no antioxidant activity or even slight prooxidant activity. Intramolecular alkylation of selenium atom also led to loss of antioxidant activity.

Synthesis and biological activity of N-substituted-tetrahydro-γ-carbolines containing peptide residues.

The synthesis of novel peptide conjugates of N-substituted-tetrahydro-γ-carbolines has been performed using the sequence of the Ugi multicomponent reaction and Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry. The effect of obtained γ-carboline-peptide conjugates on the rat liver mitochondria was evaluated. It was found that all compounds in the concentration of 30 µM did onot induce depolarization of mitochondria but possessed some inhibitory effect on the mitochondria permeability transition.

Metal complexes with functionalised 2,2'-dipicolylamine ligand containing an antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol moiety: synthesis and biological studies.

A series of Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni complexes ([MX2L], X = Cl, OAc) of the novel di-(2-picolyl)amine ligand L with an antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol pendant were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the molecular structures of [ZnCl2L] and [MnCl2L] were established by X-ray crystallography. The chemical oxidation of complexes with a 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol fragment to the phenoxyl radicals was studied by means of ESR method. The antioxidant radical scavenging activity of the complexes was measured spectrophotometrically using a DPPH-test and linoleic acid peroxidation.

Antioxidative activity of ferrocenes bearing 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol moieties.

The antioxidative activity of ferrocenes bearing either 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol or phenyl groups has been compared using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) test and in the study of the in vitro impact on lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate and on some characteristics of rat liver mitochondria. The results of DPPH test at 20 degrees C show that the activity depends strongly upon the presence of phenolic group but is improved by the influence of ferrocenyl fragment. The activity of N-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)iminomethylferrocene (1), for instance, was 88.

[Histamine releasing and immunomodulating activity of dental restorative materials].

Histamine releasing and immunomodulating activity of the following dental restorative materials (DRM) - Prizmafil, Filtek Z250, XRV Herculite Prodigy, Glasiosite, Te-Econol, Valux Plus, Polofil Supra were studied. It was shown that DRM under study as a rule did not possess the ability to release histamine (H) from human blood basophile (BB) excluding Filtek Z250 which release H from BB in patients with allergy and sound donors. The studied DRM implanted under mouse skin were able to modulate immune response to the allergen, at that some of them increased antibodies of IgE-class forming and other suppressed immune response caused by IgG-antibody forming.

[Histamine releasing activity of dental materials as the indicator of their biocompatibility].

Different types of dental materials (DM) were studied for their capacity to release histamine in vitro from basophils of whole blood of allergic patients and healthy donors using automated and computerized glass fiber-based leukocyte histamine release test (LHRT). It was shown that some types of DM possessed ability to release histamine from basophils and some didn't. There were no differences in histamine releaseability from basophils obtained from allergic patients and healthy donors.

[Immunomodulating activity of dental materials used for filling of dental root canals].

In experiments on mice immunomodulating activity of root canal pastes (Septodent, Foredent and Sealite Regular) was studied concerning immune response to model allergen. In order to study immunomodulating effect of root canal pastes the authors have used the model of standardized immunization by model allergen ovalbumin (OA) of mice (CBA x C57BL/6)F1. OA (Sigma) was used as model allergen in all experiments both for mice immunization and for testing anti-OA IgE- and IgG-antibodies in reaction of passive skin anaphylaxis in rats and in reaction ELISA.

Application of Toxkit microbiotests for toxicity assessment in soil and compost.

The potential of Toxkit microbiotests to detect and analyze pollution in agricultural soil and the quality of compost was studied. The toxicity tests used included seed germination biotests using cress salad (Lepidum sativum L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.

Molecular basis of discrepancies in neurotoxic properties among 1-methyl-4-aryl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines.

The relationship between structural specificity of the main stages of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) action and the display of parkinsonogenic properties among homologous structures in a number of 4-tolyl derivatives of MPTP has been studied. All the compounds are better substrates for monoamine oxidase (MAO) than MPTP. MAO is inactivated during the reaction according to a mechanism of irreversible inhibition by 2,3-dihydropyridinium metabolite.