The effects of charcoal dentifrices on Streptococcus mutans biofilm development and enamel demineralization.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro effects of commercially available charcoal dentifrices on Streptococcus mutans biofilm development and their ability to prevent enamel demineralization.

Methods: Streptococcus mutans biofilm was formed on polished bovine enamel specimens (n= 9 per treatment), and treated twice-daily for 120 seconds over the course of 5 days with: charcoal dentifrice containing fluoride (1,000 ppm F) (CF+), fluoride-free charcoal dentifrice (CF-), regular fluoride (1,100 ppm F) dentifrice (F+ ), or regular fluoride-free dentifrice (F-). Chlorhexidine (CHX, 0.

Adaptor protein complex 4 deficiency: a paradigm of childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by defective protein trafficking.

Deficiency of the adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) leads to childhood-onset hereditary spastic paraplegia (AP-4-HSP): SPG47 (AP4B1), SPG50 (AP4M1), SPG51 (AP4E1) and SPG52 (AP4S1). This study aims to evaluate the impact of loss-of-function variants in AP-4 subunits on intracellular protein trafficking using patient-derived cells. We investigated 15 patient-derived fibroblast lines and generated six lines of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons covering a wide range of AP-4 variants.

Prenatal detection of congenital anomalies and related factors in Argentina.

Congenital anomalies (CAs) are a leading cause of neonatal death. Many CAs can be diagnosed prenatally. To estimate the prenatal detection rate (PDR) of CA in hospitals participating in the RENAC (National Network of Congenital Anomalies of Argentina) and to analyze the PDR according to different factors.

Sufficient dimension reduction for compositional data.

Recent efforts to characterize the human microbiome and its relation to chronic diseases have led to a surge in statistical development for compositional data. We develop likelihood-based sufficient dimension reduction methods (SDR) to find linear combinations that contain all the information in the compositional data on an outcome variable, i.e.

Toxicity and Antitumor Activity of a Thiophene-Acridine Hybrid.

The antitumor effects of thiophene and acridine compounds have been described; however, the clinical usefulness of these compounds is limited due to the risk of high toxicity and drug resistance. The strategy of molecular hybridization presents the opportunity to develop new drugs which may display better target affinity and less serious side effects. Herein, 2-((6-Chloro-2-methoxy-acridin-9-yl)amino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]-thiophene-3-carbonitrile (ACS03), a hybrid thiophene-acridine compound with antileishmanial activity, was tested for toxicity and antitumor activity.

Antitumor Effect of a Novel Spiro-Acridine Compound is Associated with Up-Regulation of Th1-Type Responses and Antiangiogenic Action.

Tumor cells have specific features, including angiogenesis induction, cell cycle dysregulation, and immune destruction evasion. By inducing a T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response, tumor cells may favor immune tolerance within the tumor, which allows progression of cancer growth. Drugs with potential antitumor activity are the spiro-acridines, which is a promising new class of acridine compounds.

Estimating potential soil sheet Erosion in a Brazilian semiarid county using USLE, GIS, and remote sensing data.

The present study aimed to estimate soil erosion in Machados County, Brazil. Rainfall erosivity was calculated using monthly and annual precipitation averages over a 30-year interval, soil erodibility was obtained with a granularity-based equation, and topography and land cover were obtained from DEM data and Sentinel - 2B imagery, respectively. A GIS interface was used to spatialize parameter results and for topography and land cover analysis.

Nitrate level safety to Amazon River shrimp juveniles.

The study's objective was to evaluate the nitrate level safety for Macrobrachium amazonicum juvenile in the laboratory, a potential native species for culture in Brazil. The experiment consisted of six treatments with six replicates in a completely randomized block design: 0, 250, 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 2,000 mg L. Physical and chemical water quality parameters were recorded every 12 h, while the shrimp mortalities in the 24-h interval.

Development of a chitosan hydrogel containing flavonoids extracted from Passiflora edulis leaves and the evaluation of its antioxidant and wound healing properties for the treatment of skin lesions in diabetic mice.

This study aimed to develop a chitosan-based hydrogel containing a mixture of flavonoids isolated from the leaves of Passiflora edulis Sims and to evaluate its stability, antioxidant properties, and wound healing effects on cutaneous lesions in diabetic rats. in vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the biocompatibility and flavonoid release from the chitosan hydrogel. in vivo wound healing studies were conducted on male Wistar rats, where the injured tissue was removed for histological analysis and determination of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity, and glutathione peroxidase activity.

Antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases: the case of polyglutamine disorders.

Polyglutamine (polyQ) disorders are a group of nine neurodegenerative diseases that share a common genetic cause, which is an expansion of CAG repeats in the coding region of the causative genes that are otherwise unrelated. The trinucleotide expansion encodes for an expanded polyQ tract in the respective proteins, resulting in toxic gain-of-function and eventually in neurodegeneration. Currently, no disease-modifying therapies are available for this group of disorders.

IMPACT OF CURRENT DIET AT THE RISK OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD).

The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 20%-30% of general population and is even more prevalent among obese individuals. The risk factors mainly associated with NAFLD are diseases related to the metabolic syndrome, genetics and environment. In this review, we provide a literature compilation evaluating the evidence behind dietary components, including calories intake, fat, protein, fibers and carbohydrate, especially fructose which could be a trigger to development and progression of the NAFLD.

Jagged1-mediated myeloid Notch1 signaling activates HSF1/Snail and controls NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver inflammatory injury.

Notch signaling plays important roles in the regulation of immune cell functioning during the inflammatory response. Activation of the innate immune signaling receptor NLRP3 promotes inflammation in injured tissue. However, it remains unknown whether Jagged1 (JAG1)-mediated myeloid Notch1 signaling regulates NLRP3 function in acute liver injury.

Passiflora edulis Leaf Extract: Evidence of Antidiabetic and Antiplatelet Effects in Rats.

Different Passiflora species have been appointed as a promising herbal medicine due to antioxidant properties; however, their effect on oxidative process induced by diabetes is still controversial. We aimed to evaluate effects of hydroethanolic extract 70% from P. edulis leaf on biochemical blood markers, collagen glycation, production of oxidant species and platelet aggregation in diabetic rats.

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 3 Deficiency Disrupts the Hepatocyte E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Complex and Induces Cell Death in Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 3 is a naturally occurring inhibitor of a broad range of proteases, with key roles in extracellular matrix turnover and in the pathogenesis of various diseases. In this study, we investigated the response of mice lacking TIMP3 (TIMP3-/-) to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). We report here that TIMP3-/- mice showed an enhanced inflammatory response, exacerbated organ damage, and further impaired liver function after IRI when compared with their wild-type littermates.

Ochratoxin A and Portuguese children: Urine biomonitoring, intake estimation and risk assessment.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin detected worldwide. Urine biomonitoring is a more realistic and non-invasive way to assess exposure when compared to traditional methods based on food occurrence and consumption data. Few studies have investigated children's exposure to OTA, although it is a more susceptible population.

Banded karyotype of Nelore cattle ( Linnaeus, 1758).

Chromosome banding techniques were applied and standardized to obtain karyotype characteristics for the first time in Brazil of Nelore cattle - Linnaeus, 1758 - (bovine subspecies most prominent in Brazilian livestock). Blood samples were collected from the animals of the School of Agrarian and Biological Sciences of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, two males and two females of pure breed. These samples were submitted to the cell culture method to study metaphase chromosomes.

Vimentin filaments interact with the actin cortex in mitosis allowing normal cell division.

The vimentin network displays remarkable plasticity to support basic cellular functions and reorganizes during cell division. Here, we show that in several cell types vimentin filaments redistribute to the cell cortex during mitosis, forming a robust framework interwoven with cortical actin and affecting its organization. Importantly, the intrinsically disordered tail domain of vimentin is essential for this redistribution, which allows normal mitotic progression.

Non-thermal plasma treatment to enhance the adhesion between enamel surface and orthodontic bracket.

Background: Adhesion strength of orthodontic attachments to enamel should be within optimal range to resist occlusal forces and to allow debonding without enamel damage.

Objective: The present study compared the effect of non-thermal plasma (NTP) and conventional surface treatment on the adhesion strength of orthodontic bracket to enamel.

Methods: A total of 100 premolar teeth were allocated into 5 groups according to the bonding procedure followed: Group 1 (Etch, prime and composite adhesive); Group 2 (Prime and composite adhesive); Group 3 (Glass ionomer cement); Group 4 (NTP, prime and composite adhesive) and Group 5 (NTP and glass ionomer cement).

Trans,trans-farnesol, an antimicrobial natural compound, improves glass ionomer cement properties.

A series of experiments were conducted to characterize a novel restorative material. We explored the effect on biological, physical and chemical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) adding-the naturally occurring tt-farnesol (900 mM). Two groups were accomplished for all assays: GIC+tt-farnesol and GIC (control).