Non- Staphylococci Cause the Spontaneous Cure or Persistent Infection of Major Bovine Mastitis Pathogens in the Murine Mammary Glands.

The microbial ecology in mastitis involves the interactions between bacteria and the mammary gland environment. Poor mastitis control, for which understanding these microbial relationships is crucial, increases the risk of mastitis and co-infections. The aim of this study was to determine the pathogenesis and bacterial ecology of murine mammary glands following intramammary infection (IMI) with (AU), (SA), and four isolates of selected non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), as well as co-infections of AU or SA with NAS.

Variation in Interleukin-4, -6, and -10 in Mastitis Milk: Associations with Infections, Pathogens, Somatic Cell Counts, and Oxidative Stress.

Poor mastitis control favors intramammary infection (IMI), which always involves CNS. This study aimed to determine the relationships of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 in mastitis milk with concurrent infection, bacterial pathogens, SCC, and MDA, an oxidative stress marker. All mastitis quarters from five smallholder dairy farms were sampled aseptically before morning milking and again before afternoon milking for bacteriological identification using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Factors at Insemination and Subsequent Conception of Cattle under Heat-Stress Tie-Stall Environments.

This research aimed to compare the conception rates among AI at 12, 24, and 36 h after estrus in cattle living in tie-stall barns in a tropical environment. The second study was to determine factors at insemination at 24 h after estrus, including secondary signs of estrus behavior, reproductive tract characteristics, and heat-stress factors, in relation to conception. The study was conducted on 22 tie-stall dairy farms in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) containing Cymbopogon citratus essential oil: Enhancing the stability and acaricide efficacy against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.

The objectives of this study were to develop a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to enhance the stability and efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil or lemongrass oil (LEO) against cattle tick larvae and engorged females. The system with the highest oil loading in SEDDS was composed of LEO (23.33%w/w), Tween 80: SGKH 4000 in a 2:1 ratio as surfactant (66.

Reduction in Mortality of Calves with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Detection with Influenza C and D Virus.

Both influenza C (ICV) and influenza D (IDV) viruses were recently included as bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes, but their role in BRD has not been evaluated. Therefore, the mortality and reproductive performances of BRD calves with different isolated viruses were determined in this study. Data on 152 BRD calves with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), ICV, or IDV from nasal swab samples using real-time rt-PCR were used.

The effects of quercetin on microRNA and inflammatory gene expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bovine neutrophils.

Aim: To investigate gene expression of microRNA (miRNA) milieus (, , , , and ), inflammatory cytokine genes (interleukin 1β [], , , and tumor necrosis factor []), and the pathogen receptor toll-like receptor ( in bovine neutrophils under quercetin supplementation.

Materials And Methods: Isolated bovine neutrophils were incubated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide under quercetin treatment or left untreated. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of the miRNAs and messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts in neutrophils.