Publications by authors named "Duane Beekly"

Article Synopsis
  • - The study addresses the issue of limited ancestral diversity in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which makes it hard to find genetic risk variants in non-European ancestry groups, focusing on Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  • - Researchers analyzed a multi-ancestry GWAS dataset within the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) involving individuals from various ancestries, identifying 13 shared risk loci and 3 ancestry-specific loci, highlighting the benefits of diverse samples.
  • - The findings underscore the importance of including underrepresented populations in genetic research, suggesting that even smaller sample sizes can lead to the discovery of novel genetic variants related to AD and implicating specific biological pathways like amyloid regulation and neuronal development.
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  • Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common type of dementia and is influenced by genetics.
  • Researchers studied a lot of people (94,437) to find specific genes that may increase the risk of developing LOAD, confirming 20 known ones and discovering 5 new ones.
  • They also found that certain genetic traits related to the immune system and how the brain processes proteins are linked to a higher risk of LOAD, suggesting there are more rare genes yet to be identified that could also play a role.
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Introduction: In 2015, the US Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADC) implemented Version 3 of the Uniform Data Set (UDS). This paper describes the history of Version 3 development and the UDS data that are freely available to researchers.

Methods: UDS Version 3 was developed after years of coordination between the National Institute on Aging-appointed Clinical Task Force (CTF), clinicians from ∼30 ADCs, and the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC).

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Objective: Lumbar puncture (LP) is increasingly common in Alzheimer disease research; however, agreement to undergo LP varies. We sought to determine factors influencing LP consent at Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADCs) in the United States.

Methods: A 3-part survey was distributed to each ADC: (1) ADC LP Experience; (2) LP Requestor Experience; and (3) Patient LP Experience (both Initial and Follow-up).

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Importance: It is unclear whether female carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele are at greater risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD) than men, and the sex-dependent association of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and APOE has not been established.

Objective: To determine how sex and APOE genotype affect the risks for developing MCI and AD.

Data Sources: Twenty-seven independent research studies in the Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network with data on nearly 58 000 participants.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Our research uncovered three significant variants: a protective variant in the PLCG2 gene and risk variants in ABI3 and TREM2, known for their roles in Alzheimer's susceptibility.
  • * The findings emphasize the importance of microglia, immune cells in the brain, suggesting that their genetic variations may contribute directly to the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
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Importance: Previous studies have indicated a heritable component of the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). However, few have examined the contribution of low-frequency coding variants on a genome-wide level.

Objective: To identify low-frequency coding variants that affect susceptibility to AD, FTD, and PSP.

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  • - The study investigates a rare variant in the APP gene (A673T) that may protect against late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), originally found in Iceland, by comparing its frequency in US and Swedish populations.
  • - Researchers conducted a case-control analysis involving over 17,000 participants (including AD cases and cognitively normal controls) from multiple medical centers to assess the prevalence of this variant using advanced genotyping techniques.
  • - Results showed only a few individuals with the A673T variant; specifically, 3 heterozygous cases were found among US participants, indicating that this variant is not common in the studied populations and may not significantly impact AD risk assessment.
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  • The study investigates how known genetic risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) influence the age at which symptoms appear in affected individuals, particularly focusing on the APOE locus and other established risk loci.
  • Researchers utilized data from the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium, analyzing 9,162 patients over several years, to determine the cumulative effects of these genetic factors on age at onset (AAO) of LOAD.
  • Results indicated that variants at the APOE locus are strongly associated with earlier onset of Alzheimer’s symptoms, with other loci like CR1, BIN1, and PICALM showing statistically significant effects as well, together explaining a portion of the AAO variation.
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  • This study aimed to find new genes linked to late-onset Alzheimer's disease by analyzing a large dataset from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, which included over 25,000 Alzheimer's patients and around 48,000 controls.
  • Researchers discovered new significant genetic loci on chromosomes 8 and 14, expanding the understanding of genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's beyond previously known genes.
  • The newly identified genes are involved in processes related to energy metabolism, protein degradation, and immune response, highlighting potential new targets for therapy in treating Alzheimer's disease.
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  • - Recent studies have discovered 9 new genetic risk factors (loci) linked to late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) and suggest investigating how these affect gene expression in the brain.
  • - Researchers analyzed gene expression in the cerebellum and temporal cortex of around 400 deceased individuals, testing for associations between the identified risk variants and specific genes located nearby.
  • - The study found that certain genetic variants significantly impacted the expression of key genes related to LOAD, indicating that these eSNPs may help explain the connection between genetic risk factors and Alzheimer’s disease.
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  • The Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) conducted a thorough genome-wide association study on late-onset Alzheimer's disease, featuring a three-stage design that included both discovery and replication phases.
  • The study identified significant genetic associations with several genes, notably MS4A4A, CD2AP, EPHA1, and CD33, showing strong statistical significance across all stages.
  • Additionally, the research confirmed previous associations with other genes like CR1, CLU, BIN1, and PICALM as being linked to Alzheimer's susceptibility, while finding no association with the gene EXOC3L2.
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Objectives: To determine whether genotypes at CLU, PICALM, and CR1 confer risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) and whether risk for AD associated with these genes is influenced by apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes.

Design: Association study of AD and CLU, PICALM, CR1, and APOE genotypes.

Setting: Academic research institutions in the United States, Canada, and Israel.

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The neuropsychologic test battery from the Uniform Data Set (UDS) of the Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADC) program of the National Institute on Aging consists of brief measures of attention, processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, and language. This paper describes development of the battery and preliminary data from the initial UDS evaluation of 3268 clinically cognitively normal men and women collected over the first 24 months of utilization. The subjects represent a sample of community-dwelling, individuals who volunteer for studies of cognitive aging.

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The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) is responsible for developing and maintaining a database of participant information collected from the 29 Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADCs) funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). The NIA appointed the ADC Clinical Task Force to determine and define an expanded, standardized clinical data set, called the Uniform Data Set (UDS). The goal of the UDS is to provide ADC researchers a standard set of assessment procedures, collected longitudinally, to better characterize ADC participants with mild Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment in comparison with nondemented controls.

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Background: The recent development of a national Alzheimer's disease database makes it possible to compare the course of illness in various ethnic groups.

Methods: The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database was used to compare the clinical presentation and course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in American Indians with whites and African-Americans, and to compare findings in American Indians seen in Oklahoma with those seen elsewhere. We ascertained the diagnosis of probable and possible AD, gender, education, history of affected first-degree relative, depression, history of stroke, Parkinson symptoms, age at onset of dementia, initial visit, and death.

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A Clinical Task Force, composed of clinical leaders from Alzheimer's Disease Centers (ADC), was convened by the National Institute on Aging to develop a uniform set of assessment procedures to characterize individuals with mild Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment in comparison with nondemented aging. The resulting Uniform Data Set (UDS) defines a common set of clinical observations to be collected longitudinally on ADC participants in accordance with standard methods. The UDS was implemented at all ADCs on September 1, 2005.

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The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) is responsible for developing and maintaining a database of patient information collected from the 29 Alzheimer disease centers (ADCs) funded by the National Institute on Aging. Each of the centers collects center-determined data elements on patients enrolled into its center and transmits a minimum dataset to NACC. Data are managed differently at each center depending on that center's research needs.

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