Twisted Dipole Ion Guide (TDIG) for Flexible Ion Transfer in Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

In ambient mass spectrometry, the performance in direct in situ analysis applications has been hindered by the lack of efficient ion-transferring technique between the atmosphere pressure ionization source and the mass analyzer. Building upon the hybrid concept of a stack ring ion guide and multipole ion guide, this study proposes the concept of a reconfigurable twisted dipole ion guide (TDIG) that enables flexible ion transfer between atmosphere and vacuum. Initially, theoretical and numerical studies were conducted to understand the basic ion confining principle of the twisted dipole ion guide, revealing its unique merits in long-distance flexible ion transmission.

Correlations between propofol concentration in exhaled breath and BIS in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.

Several clinical studies have reported promising correlations between propofol concentration in exhaled breath (Ce-pro) and the bispectral index (BIS) in patients, suggesting the potential of exhaled propofol measurement as a non-invasive method for adjusting anesthesia depth. However, these studies are still in the validation phase of instrument effectiveness, often limited by small sample sizes or inappropriate instrument selection, and thus lack convincing results regarding these correlations. In this study, one hundred patients aged 18-65, undergoing elective thyroid surgery under general anesthesia were included.

A rapid dual-mode SERS/FL cytosensor assisted via DNA Walker-based plasmonic nanostructures.

Various surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensors offer powerful tools for the ultrasensitive detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and tumor diagnosis. Despite their efficacy, the swift and precise preparation of SERS plasmonic nanostructures poses an ongoing challenge. In this study, we introduce DNA-assisted plasmonic nanostructures capable of producing dual signals and facilitating DNA Walker signal amplification, resulting in the development of a SERS/Fluorescent (FL) dual-mode cytosensor for CTCs detection.

A Novel Accurate Peak Extraction Algorithm of Mass Spectrometry Based on Iterative Adaptive Curve Fitting.

In the analysis of mass spectrometry, the peak identification from the overlapped region is necessary yet difficult. Although various methods have been developed to identify these peaks, especially the continuous wavelet transformation, their applications are still limited and it is hard to deal with the complex overlapped peaks. In this study, a novel peak extraction algorithm of mass spectrometry based on iterative adaptive curve fitting is proposed to address these challenges.

Sandwich Layer-Modified Ω-Shaped Fiber-Optic LSPR Enables the Development of an Aptasensor for a Cytosensing-Photothermal Therapy Circuit.

The metastasis of cancer cells is a principal cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer. The combination of a cytosensor and photothermal therapy (PTT) cannot completely eliminate cancer cells at one time. Hence, this study aimed to design a localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR)-based aptasensor for a circuit of cytosensing-PTT (COCP).

Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath: a promising approach for accurate differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Lung cancer subtyping, particularly differentiating adenocarcinoma (ADC) from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is paramount for clinicians to develop effective treatment strategies. In this study, we aimed: (i) to discover volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers for precise diagnosis of ADC and SCC, (ii) to investigated the impact of risk factors on ADC and SCC prediction, and (iii) to explore the metabolic pathways of VOC biomarkers. Exhaled breath samples from patients with ADC (= 149) and SCC (= 94) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A dual-labeling fluorescent probe to track lysosomal polarity and endoplasmic reticulum dynamics during ferroptosis.

A polarity-sensitive probe was developed to simultaneously label lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) its dansylamide and rhodamine fluorescence, respectively, enabling ratiometric polarity detection and stable dual-labeling. The fragmented ER network and increased lysosomal polarity during ferroptosis were revealed, which facilitates the understanding of ferroptotic mechanisms.

Ω-Shaped fiber optic LSPR coated with hybridized nanolayers for tumor cell sensing and photothermal treatment.

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) in the blood is the main cause of cancer metastasis for death in cancer patients. It is extremely important for cancer diagnosis at an early stage and treatment to simultaneously detect and kill the CTCs. In this work, a new hybridized nanolayer, namely gold nanoparticle/gold nanorods@ Polydopamine (AuNPs/AuNRs@PDA), was coated on the Ω-shaped fiber optics (Ω-FO) for localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) to perform tumor cell sensing and photothermal treatment (PTT).

High sensitive detection of Cd, Hg, Pb and Cr in rice based on LA-MPT-OES with optimized excitation regions by two-dimensional characterization of plasma plume.

Direct, rapid and highly sensitive detection of heavy metals in rice is essential to ensure food safety. In this research, a combination of laser ablation and microwave plasma torch optical emission spectrometry (LA-MPT-OES) was proposed. Based on the optimal observation positions, a high sensitivity and direct determination of Cd, Hg, Pb and Cr in rice were realized.

Identifying potential breath biomarkers for early diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer based on solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry with metabolomics.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer incidence rate has increased substantially worldwide in recent years. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is currently the golden standard of thyroid cancer diagnosis, which however, is invasive and costly. In contrast, breath analysis is a non-invasive, safe and simple sampling method combined with a promising metabolomics approach, which is suitable for early cancer diagnosis in high volume population.

WTAP promotes proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via mA-dependent epigenetic promoting of PTP4A1.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) represents a frequently seen malignancy with high prevalence worldwide. Although current studies have shown that Wilms' tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), a major part in the methyltransferase complex, is involved in various tumor pathological processes, its specific role in ESCC remains unclear. Therefore, the present work focused on exploring WTAP's function and mechanism in ESCC progression using clinical ESCC specimens, ESCC cells, and mammalian models.

A study of the transient gas flow affected ion transmission in atmospheric pressure interfaces based on large eddy simulation for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Modern atmosphere pressure interface (API) enables high-efficiency coupling between mass analyzers in high vacuum and atmosphere ionization sources such as electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The transient gas flow entering API possesses strong compressibility and turbulent characteristics, which exerts a huge impact on ion transmission. However, the instantaneous nature and vortical morphology of the turbulence in API and its affection in ion transmission were hardly covered in the reported research.

Flexible-Arranged Biomimetic Array Integrated with Parallel Entropy-Driven Circuits for Ultrasensitive, Multiple, and Reliable Detection of Cancer-Related MicroRNAs.

With the emergence of microRNA (miRNA) as a promising biomarker in cancer diagnosis, it is significant to develop multiple analyses of miRNAs. However, it still faces difficulties in ensuring the sensitivity and accuracy during multiplex detection owing to the low abundance and experimental deviation of miRNAs. In this work, a flexible-arranged biomimetic array integrated with parallel entropy-driven circuits (EDCs) was developed for ultrasensitive, multiplex, reliable, and high-throughput detection of miRNAs.

Exhaled breath is found to be better than blood samples for determining propofol concentrations in the brain tissues of rats.

The correlation between propofol concentration in exhaled breath () and plasma () has been well-established, but its applicability for estimating the concentration in brain tissues () remains unknown. Given the impracticality of directly sampling human brain tissues, rats are commonly used as a pharmacokinetic model due to their similar drug-metabolizing processes to humans. In this study, we measured,, andin mechanically ventilated rats injected with propofol.

The High-Efficiency Calculation and Analysis of Different Quadrupole Fields Based on the Method of Fundamental Solution.

The calculation and analysis of electric fields are indispensable steps in the design of mass spectrometry. In this work, an approach for this calculation was established based on the method of fundamental solution (MFS). It was proved to be much faster and more accurate than the other popular methods, and its optimum parameters were found for the calculation of different quadrupole fields.

Improving the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Highly Efficient Trace Measurement of Hazardous Components in Waste Oils.

Improper disposal of waste oils containing hazardous components damages the environment and the ecosystem, posing a significant threat to human life and health. Here, we present a method of discharge-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy combined with filter paper sampling (DA-LIBS-FPS) to detect hazardous components and trace the source of polluting elements. DA-LIBS-FPS significantly enhances spectral intensity by 1-2 orders of magnitude due to the discharge energy deposition into the laser-induced plasma and the highly efficient laser-sample interaction on the filter paper, when compared to single-pulse LIBS with silica wafer sampling (SP-LIBS-SWS).

Electrospun nanofiber-based indicatorpaper sensing platform for fluorescence and visualization detection of norfloxacin.

Norfloxacin (NOR) residues in water pose a serious threat to human health via the food chain, necessitating the development of a rapid on-site antibiotic detection technique. In this work, we utilize electrostatic spinning technology that combines polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-rare earth metal Tb complexes (ATP/Tb) to construct a new ternary film-based sensor for sensitive, quick, and convenient field testing of NOR in water. The operating mechanism is that the ternary system produces gradually enhanced bright green fluorescence at increasing concentrations of NOR.

Calibration and validation of ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry for online measurement of exhaled ciprofol.

Ciprofol (HSK 3486, CHO), a novel 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivative similar to propofol, is a new type of intravenous general anaesthetic. We found that the exhaled ciprofol concentration could be measured online by ultraviolet time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-TOFMS), which could be used to predict the plasma concentration and anaesthetic effects of ciprofol. In this study, we present the calibration method and validation results of UV-TOFMS for the quantification of ciprofol gas.

A preclinical study on online monitoring of exhaled ciprofol concentration by the ultraviolet time-of-flight spectrometer and prediction of anesthesia depth in beagles.

Background: Exhaled air has been demonstrated as a reliable medium for monitoring propofol concentration. However, online monitoring of exhaled ciprofol have not been reported.

Methods: Thirty-six beagles undergoing mechanical ventilation were divided into 6 groups, including bolus injection of low (Group BL, n = 6), medium (Group BM, n = 6), and high dose of ciprofol (Group BH, n = 6) groups; as well as 1 h continuous infusion of low (Group IL, n = 6), medium (Group IM, n = 6), and high dose of ciprofol (Group IH, n = 6) groups.

Optimization of machine learning classification models for tumor cells based on cell elements heterogeneity with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

The rapid and accurate diagnosis of cancer is an important topic in clinical medicine. In the present work, an innovative method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning was developed to distinguish and classify different tumor cell lines. The LIBS spectra of cells were first acquired.

Label-Free, High-Throughput, Sensitive, and Logical Analysis Using Biomimetic Array Based on Stable Luminescent Copper Nanoclusters and Entropy-Driven Nanomachine.

The development of an array for high-throughput and logical analysis of biomarkers is significant for disease diagnosis. DNA-templated copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) have a strong potential to serve as a label-free photoluminescence source in array platforms, but their luminescent stability and sensitivity need to be improved. Herein, we report a facile, sensitive, and robust biomimetic array assay by integrating with stable luminescent CuNCs and entropy-driven nanomachine (EDN).

Fiber-Optic-Based Biosensor as an Innovative Technology for Point-of-Care Testing Detection of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria To Defend Food and Agricultural Product Safety.

Food safety is a concerning issue globally. Foodborne-pathogenic-bacteria-derived foodborne disease outbreaks have increased the threat to human health. The accurate and rapid detection of foodborne bacteria is of great significance for food safety.

Rapid and Online Detection of Foodborne Bacteria via a Novel Ultraviolet Photoionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Foodborne bacteria are widespread contaminated sources of food; hence, the real-time monitoring of pathogenic bacteria in food production is important for the food industry. In this study, a novel rapid detection method based on microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) emitted from foodborne bacteria was established by using ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UVP-TOF-MS). The results showed obvious differences of MVOCs among the five species of bacteria, and the characteristic MVOCs for each bacterium were selected by a feature selection algorithm.

Assessment of an exhaled breath test using ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the monitoring of kidney transplant recipients.

Continuous monitoring for immunosuppressive status, infection and complications are a must for kidney transplantation (KTx) recipients. Traditional monitoring including blood sampling and kidney biopsy, which caused tremendous medical cost and trauma. Therefore, a cheaper and less invasive approach was urgently needed.